There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do .In the ancient world , as is tod 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳选项。（每小题2分，共30分）
Computers have done us a lot since they turned up. In the future they will play a more important part in many __16__, such as education, transport, personal lives, scientific research and so on. Nowadays computers are being used in ___17__ and industry and can help the farmers to __18__ the conditions of the plants.
More and more computers will come into our daily life with the __19__ of science and technology. If you want to change money or pay your electricity bills, you won’t have to go to the __20__. A computer and a telephone will help you. It can also help you to do the housework and it can even __21___ human voices and carry out the instructions. It is __22__ that the majority of the labor force will work at home. People will be able to use the videophone for conferences. This can help us to save a lot of energy and ___23__. It is said that trains in Japan will have no __24___, because they’ll be well __25___ by computers, which can also tell the best ___26__ between trains.
Computers programs for __27__ whole texts are already well developed. You can ___28__ the name of a certain subject and a __29__ list of book titles will __30__ on your screen. You may choose whichever you want.

完形填空（共20小题；每小题l分，满分20分）
When Andra Rush started her trucking company, all she had was an old van，two used pick-up trucks and the simple certainty of a 23-year-old girl. But she planned to make her fortune in about four years to 36 her true goal: dealing with poverty on Native American reservations across North America. "I thought I could retire by the time I was 27," says Rush, "At that age, you don't know 37 you don't know."
Rush is 49 now and 38 working hard. Her tiny start-up just outside Detroit has 39 to a $400 million North American business. Today Rush is a(an) 40 not only for Native Americans but also for women in the male-controlled world of trucking.
Rush was 41 30 miles outside Detroit. When the teenage Rush visited the reservation for the first time, she was 42 by the poverty and lack of hope. "I really wanted to 43 " she says.
She graduated from the University of Michigan in 1982. She took a nursing job with a 44 pay and then practiced at an air goods company, 45 the speed of package pickups

and deliveries made a little more a little more profits. "I thought I could do that 46 ," Rush says.
Within six months, Rush had ten employees, and clients(客户) 47 Ford and GM were paying her to 48 small packages from the airport. Ford was the first to offer her a job trucking parts between its plants and supplier.
By 2001, many of Rush's 1,000 employees were Native Americans, working alongside people of every    49  But she felt she hadn't done enough. 50 she joined forces with a Canadian parts maker to design and gather auto components.
She located the plants near reservations, 51 opportunities where they were needed most. By 2009, her auto parts business was earning $370 million   52  .
She's come a long way from the 53   23-year-old who thought "the cash would just roll in." But Rush wouldn't change a thing: "I love my job," she says. "I 54 the fact that you can start to get some motivation and keep   55  yourself—and then suddenly you lift your head and it's been 25 years"

小题8: A have an influence B．make a difference C．set an example D．make a decision

Did you know that there are gifts that will multiply your happiness when you give them away? Here are five of those gifts． Giving these gifts will allow you to share with others your most unique treasure: your real self． Each gift will return to you many times．
1． Share appreciation
Tell someone how much you appreciate the faith they've shown in you． Thank them sincerely for being part of your life． Tell them how much they are needed．
Feeling appreciated is one of the most important needs that people have． When you share with someone your appreciation and gratitude, they will not forget you． Appreciation will return to you many times．
2． Share time
Balance your time expenditures （耗费）so you can spend time with the people that you love． Support local organizations by sharing your special talents． Volunteer time for projects that benefit others in your community, country, and world．
When we slow down and observe our thoughts closely, we will sometimes uncover gifts and talents we didn't know we had． Sharing time and talents can result in discoveries that bring happiness beyond measure．
3． Share knowledge and ideas
Tell someone about a great book that you read so they can benefit from it too． Teach a new concept or idea that you've learned．
One of the best ways to strengthen new concepts in your mind is to share them with others． The more often you share what you've learned, the stronger that information will become in your memory． Sharing knowledge also provides solutions to problems． The more knowledge we share, the more knowledge we receive in return．
4． Share friendship
Acknowledge someone's strengths． Let them know that you are willing to be there when they need you． Visit someone you haven't seen for a long time． Telephone friends or relatives who live far away． Introduce two friends who don't know each other．
Bringing one individual into another's life can result in tremendous changes for both people, and for you． We succeed with the help of others． People grow by growing together． If you'd like to have many friends, then share friendship with others generously．
5． Share kindness
Perform a random act of kindness for someone: a smile, compliment, or a favor just for fun． These will multiply and spread very rapidly．
There is a powerful quote by Stephen Jay Gould who said, “The center of human nature is rooted in ten thousand ordinary acts of kindness that define our days．” Kindness is priceless． The love, kindnesses, and value we have given authentically to others will be our remaining treasures at the end of life．
Think about this statement by Norman MacEwan: “Happiness is not so much in having as sharing． We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give．”
小题1: What is the best title of this passage？

A．We want to share．	B．Give your presents away．
C．We make a life by giving．	D．Don’t be mean to give．

小题2: What can we learn from Stephen Jay Gould’s words？

A．We all come from a world which is in a harmonious atmosphere．

B．Everybody’s deep heart is filled with kindness at first, which decides our present life．

C．Kindness is the most important thing in our daily life．

D．We need kindness all the time．

小题3: For

those who are living a life on the go, what suggestion will the writer probably give to them?

A．Tell the people around you how much you love them．

B．No one is an isolated island． We succeed with the help of others

C．The more knowledge we share, the more knowledge we receive in return．

D．Slow down and enjoy the life, which may bring you a brand new world with happiness．

小题4:Where can you probably find this passage?

Vans, Keds, Dollies—they sound like the names of rock bands, but if you have teenagers, you'll know they're actually the latest in teenage footwear.
But experts are now warning that the current shoe fashions will be causing teenagers discomfort in the short term and storing up years of foot, knee and back pain in the future.
Here, the experts identify the problems caused by teenagers' shoe choice.

KEDS/VANS
Slip-on shoes with elastic (弹性的）sides are particularly popular among teenage boys - with Keds and Vans the most sought-after brands.
The main problem is that they are just too flat—so flat that the heel, which strikes the ground first, also becomes damaged and painful.
BALLET PUMPS

The worst shoes of all are such light and thin dolly shoes. The problem is partly their flatness, as with Keds and Vans. However ballet pumps, which have no string or heel, have other specific problems.
“As the shoe has no fastening device, it relies on the toes to keep the shoe on, causing an awkward gait（步法）, this leads to short- and long-term problems such as calluses（茧子）, heel and knee pain.”
WEDGES AND STILETTOS

These shoes can also cause problems with gait. They may look good, but the heels on these are so high they can force the wearer's body weight forward, making them very unstable.
Teens who wear these shoes regularly are also in danger of joining those millions of women with constant back pain.
SCHOOL SHOES
So what do podiatrists（足科医生）have on their wish list, especially for everyday wear?
Something in a natural, breathable fabric, with a string to hold it on, with a small heel and a deep toe-box that does not press the toes, such as Clark's, Marks & Spencer or Rhino.
If your teen insists on wearing 'bad' shoes, get them some simple foot orthotics(矫形器) in the shoes. These support and correct the movement of the foot and, properly fitted by a podiatrist, can often transform their walk and halt the damage.
小题1: Of all the shoes mentioned in the passage, which can cause the worst problems?

A．Marks & Spencer.	B．Wedges & Stilettos.
C．Keds and Vans.	D．Ballet Pumps.

小题2: Which pair of shoes may not be found on the podiatrists’ wish list?

小题3: The underlined word “halt” in the last paragraph probably means _______.

小题4: From this passage we can infer _______.

A．trendy shoes may ruin teenagers’ health

B．fashionable shoes all have orthotics in them

C．experts are strongly against wearing popular shoes

D．podiatrists are expert at producing branded shoes

小题5: In which column of Mail Online can you find this passage?

You wake up in the morning, the day is beautiful and the plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time. Then the telephone rings, you say hello, and the drama starts. The person on tbe other end has a depressing tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to look forward to. Are you still in a wonderful mood? Impossible!
Communieating with negative people can wash out your happiness. It may not change what you think, but communicating long enough with them will make you feel depressed for a moment or a long time.
Life brings ups and downs, but some people are stuck in the wrong idea that life has no happiness to offer. They only feel glad when they make others feel bad. No wonder they can hardly win others' pity or respect.
When you communicate with positive people, your spirit stays happy and therefore more positive things are attracted. When the knife of a negative person is put in you, you have the heavy feeling that, all in all, brings you down.
Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate with negative people. This could be a co-worker, or a relative. In this case, say what needs to be said as little as possible. Sometimes it feels good to let out your anger back to the negative person, but this is to lower you to that same negative level and they won't feel ashamed of themselves about that.
Negativity often affects happiness without even being realized. The negative words of others at the start of the day can be attached to you throughout the rest of your day, which makes you feel bad and steals your happiness. Life is too short to feel negative. Stay positive and avoid negativity as much as possible.
小题1:Which of the following shows the position where the miners were trapped? (E: entrance P: position where the miners were trapped)

小题2:The purpose of Paragraph 1 is to .

A．make a comparison	B．introduce a topic
C．offer an instructive story	D．tell a true story

小题3:How can negative people have effect on us?

A．By influencing our emotion.

B．By telling us the nature of life.

C．By changing our way of thinking

D．By comparing their attitude to life with ours.

小题4:Some negative people base their happiness on —.

A．their pity for other people	B．their respect for others
C．building up a positive attitude	D．making other people unhappy

小题5:According to the passage, to reduce negative people's influence on us, we are advised.

A．to change negative people's attitude to life

B．to show our dissatisfaction to negative people

C．to make negative people feel as hamed of themselves

D．to communicate with negative people as little as possible

People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944, when she starred in National Velvet-the story of Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race, At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet. However, they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trained—and added three inches to her height in four months! Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress.
Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932. Her parents, both Americans, had moved there for business reasons. When World War II started, the Taylors moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor had no trouble moving into adult(成人)roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield 8(1960) and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? (1966)
Taylor’s fame(名声)and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so she was able to demand very high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $1 million for her part in Cleopatra—the highest pay r

eceived by any star up to that time.
Elizabeth Taylor is a legend (传奇人物) of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, she has been lucky, she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard worker. Taylor seldom acts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others — several years ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $40 million for research and education.
小题1: The producers didn’t let Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thought she ____.

A．was small in size	B．was too young
C．did not play well enough	D．did not show much interest

小题2: What Elizabeth Taylor and Velvet Brown had in common was that they were both _____.

A．popular all their lives	B．famous actresses
C．suecessful when very young	D．rich and kind-hearted

小题3:Taylor became Best Actress at the age of .

小题4:In her later life , Elizabeth Taylor devoted herself to .

A．doing business and helping others	B．turning herself into a legend
C．collecting money for the poor	D．going about research and education work

Do you now who Stefani Germanotta is? Perhaps not, but you’ll almost certainly know the star called Lady Gaga, a 24-year-old American famous for her cutting edge pop videos and strange fashion sense. She was the biggest winner at the MTV Europe Music Awards in Madrid on November 7, 2010. Her awards included the best female artist and the best song.
Her popularity doesn’t end there. The BBC reports that the University of South Carolina has a sociology course about the life, work and rise to fame of Lady Gaga. The course is due to start in spring 2011. “We’re going to look at Lady Gaga as a social event,” said professor Mathieu, who will teach Lady Gaga and the Sociology of Fame.
Germanotta, in fact, is a college student. She learned to play the piano by age 4. At age 17, she was one of the only 20 young people to get early admission to New York University’s Tisch School of the Arts, the famous music school. Yet after her second semester, she took a big risk—she decided to quit and concentrate on a music career. But hwo did she manage to go from nowhere to supar star in just two years?
She may well have had a plan for the top. She created “The Ultimate Pop Burlesque Show” with another artist. It was the first of many strange images. The pair gained enough attention to get a spot at a famous music festival in Chicago. Later, a record company signed Germanotta.
While Lady Gaga enjoys popularity, there are critics accusing her of regularly using rude language in her lyrics(歌词) and wearing overly sexy clothing.
小题1: According to the article, Lady Gaga is famous for _______.

A．her fashion shows	B．her strange images
C．her talents in university	D．her winning awards

小题2: Which of the following is the correct order for the stages of Gaga’s career?

a. She appeared in a music festival in Chicago   b. She won the award—the best female
c. She decided to quit school                 d. She created a show with another artist
e. She was signed by a record company         f. Her success has become a university course

A．b—f—c—a—d—e	B．b—f—c—d—a—e
C．c—d—a—e—b—f	D．c—d—a—e—f—b

小题3:The main reason why Lady Gaga could become famous is that ______.

A．she knew her dream of life	B．she knew what she would do next
C．she learned music at a young age	D．she ws brave enough to quit university

小题4: From this passage, we can infer that ________.

A．a good performance in university may lead to one’s success.

B．cooperation with other artists is important in becoming successful

C．Lady Gaga will become less famous because of her lyrics and clothing

D．Professor Mathieu believes that Lady Gaga’s success is worth studying

There are many rights to make sure that people will be treated fairly when they are suspected or accused of a crime. Sometimes these rights are called "due process of law". In using these rights, a person should have the help of a lawyer.
You have a right to protect against unreasonable searches and seizures. The police generally may not search you or your home, or take things you own, without a "warrant". A warrant is a paper which states, very exactly , the place to be searched and the things to be taken. Sometimes, however, the police will not need a warrant to search you or your property. If an officer sees you committing a crime, or if he has a good reason to believe you have committed a serious crime, he may arrest you and search you and the area right around you without a warrant.
If you invite a police without a warrant to come into your house and he finds proof of crime, the evidence may be used against you in court. If you do not want an officer to search you or your home and he does not have a warrant, tell him that you do not give him the right to search. However, if the officer will not listen, do not try to stop him. It is dangerous to resist and it may be illegal to do so. Any evidence which a policeman gets during an unlawful search and seizure cannot be used against you.
Police officers must act reasonably and fairly at all times. They should use physical force only when it is needed to arrest someone to enforce a law. They may not use physical violence to "teach someone a lesson".
小题1: According to the passage, a "warrant" is______.

A．an identification card	B．an access card
C．an official written order	D．a special license

小题2: In which case can the policeman use the evidence he gets against you in court?

A．He makes an unreasonable search of your home and gets the evidence.

B．He is allowed to search your home with no warrant and finds proof of crime.

C．He gets the information you do not want to give him by using physical force.

D．He obtains the information from you when you are alone with him.

小题3: The police can use physical force only when____.

A．they want to teach the habitual thief a lesson

B．they catch the criminal on the spot

C．the suspect talks back

D．the criminal resists arrest

小题4: The passage centers around____.

A．the rights of citizens	B．the importance of warrants
C．the duty of the police	D．criminal cases

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