题目内容

How to Say No to Your Boss

Saying “no” to a request can be a difficult thing, especially when the person making the request is your boss.1.The following steps are helpful.

Give yourself some time to think about the request before saying “no”.

If the request arrives via email, don’t reply right away.

2.If your boss asks you in person or on the telephone, request some time to give it thought and tell her you will get back to her by a specific time. Consider the request carefully to determine whether you have to say “no”.

Prepare your answer before telling your boss “no”.

Anticipate questions she might ask in response to your answer, and decide how you want to answer them. Rehearse your conversation with your boss out loud to help build your confidence before the real conversation.

Choose the right time and place to speak with your boss.

Have the conversation in private if your work situation allows you to get a moment alone with your boss. Keep in mind your boss’s workday pressures and work style. If she is a morning person and gets grumpy(脾气暴躁的)in the afternoon, be sure to speak with her before lunch.

3.

If your boss is asking you to take on more responsibility, that shows that she has faith in your ability to do the job. Acknowledge that it means a lot to you before telling her that you feel you cannot do it.

Tell your boss why you have to say “no” to the request.

4.Your boss will be grateful that you answered honestly, rather than trying to take on a project you cannot handle.

Offer an alternative solution.

For example, if your boss asks you to serve on a committee, suggest someone else in the company that you think may be interested and capable of serving.5.

A. Pay your boss a compliment while denying her request.

B. Even if you try your best to do everything the boss lets you do, there are times when you can’t do and have to say “no”.

C. Put yourself in your boss’s shoes and consider how the company will be affected if you refuse the request.

D. Maybe you could offer to share the workload with someone else.

E. Most employers respect honesty in their employees.

F. Try a compromise.

G. Set the request aside and think about it for a while.

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I have never forgotten the firm belief I had in the arrival through the chimney (烟囱) of the little Santa Claus (圣诞老人), the kind, white-bearded old man who at midnight left in my tiny shoe a present I found the next morning.

Midnight! It’s the perfect hour children don’t know. What great efforts I made not to go to sleep before the little old man appeared!

I had both a great desire and great fear of seeing him, but could never stay awake until then, and the next day my first look was for my shoe. He never failed to carefully wrap (包装) every present for me. I would run barefoot to get my treasure. It never was a very expensive present, for we were not rich. It was a cookie, an orange, or very simply a fine red apple. But it felt so precious that I barely dared to eat it. What a great role imagination plays in a child’s life!

I do not at all agree with the idea that the lies about Santa Claus should be stopped. Doubts and truth come all too soon on their own. I very well remember the first year, when I was five or six, I doubted that it was not Santa Claus who put the cookie in my shoe. Since then, it has never tasted as good as the first few years of my life.

I noted that my son believed in him longer; boys are more na?ve (天真的) than little girls. Like me, he made great efforts to stay awake until midnight. Like me, he loved the cookie baked in Heaven’s kitchens. And like me, the first year of his doubts was the last year of the visit of the good old man.

1.As a little girl, the author loved the gifts on Christmas Day because ________.

A. they usually cost a lot of money

B. she always got the very gifts she asked for

C. they were beautifully wrapped

D. she believed they were from Santa Claus

2.According to the article, what role does imagination play in a child’s life?

A. It adds value to the common Christmas gifts.

B. It makes a child curious about everything.

C. It encourages him to climb the chimney.

D. It makes him doubt whether Santa Claus really exists.

3.By saying “Doubts and truth come all too soon on their own” in Paragraph 4, the author feels ________.

A. unsatisfied with being cheated

B. sorry for realizing that Santa Claus doesn’t exist

C. happy at finding out the facts of Santa Claus

D. angry about parents’ lying to children about Santa Claus

You may know the saying: An apple a day keeps the doctors away. A recent study by the Chinese University of Hong Kong has discovered another saying: An apple a day keeps old age away.

The study involved fruit flies, as they share many genes with humans. Researchers gave one group of fruit flies normal food, and another group of fruit flies got the same food including apple.

The results showed that flies that ate apple lived an average of 55 days longer than the flies that didn’t eat apple. The study also found that apple-eating flies were more able to walk, climb and move about as they became old, the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry reports.

The researchers believe that the antioxidants (抗氧化剂) found in apples are good for health.

In another experiment, researchers studied the diets of thousands of women. They found that those women who often ate apples were 20 percent less likely to have a heart attack.

Scientists have recently discovered the apple’s genetic code. This allows scientists to make new kinds of fruit that are healthier. Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants. Antioxidants help to keep eyes and joints (关节) healthy and protect against heart attacks and cancer.

Apples that help people lose weight may be in supermarkets in just four or five years. They are said to be “extra healthy” apples that can stop people from overeating.

1.Fruit flies were used in the research because_______.

A. they are very easy to catch B. they are fond of eating apples

C. they can live longer than before D. they share similar genes with humans

2.By studying the diets of many women, researchers _______.

A. found they are healthier than men

B. helped them lose weight successfully

C. discovered the genetic code of the apple

D. proved apples were good for people’s health

3.From the story, we can infer that _____.

A. scientists are studying new types of apples

B. apples’ genetic code is similar to other fruits

C. women like to eat apples more often than men

D. people who eat apples are protected from heart disease

There are many international organizations(组织) which work to save and protect endangered(濒危的) species(物种)and natural environment.If you would like more information about any of the organizations listed below, you can write to the addresses (地址)given.

Friends of the Earth(FOE) campaigns on a range of problems including rainforests,the countryside,water and air pollution and energy.

Friends of the Earth International Secretariat P.O.Box 19199

1000 G.D.

Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Greenpeace uses peaceful but direct action to defend the environment. It campaigns(运动,战役) to protect rainforests and sea animals,stop global warming and end pollution of air,land and seas.It also opposes(反对) nuclear(核)power.

Greenpeace International

Keizergracht 176

1016 DW Amsterdam

The Netherlands

BirdLife International is an organization

which works to save endangered birds all over the world.

BirdLife International

Wellbrook Court

Girton Road

Cambridge CB3 ONA

England

WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature is the world's largest private(私人的) international organization for the protection of nature and endangered species.

Information Officer

WWF International

Avenue du Mont-Blanc

1196 Gland

Switzerland

1.If you want to learn more about the organizations,you can .

A. call them B. write them a letter

C. visit them D. send them an e-mail

2.BirdLife International is an organization trying to .

A. reduce pollution B. defend(保护) rainforests

C. protect ocean animals D. save endangered birds

3.If you oppose nuclear power,you can join .

A. Friends of the Earth B. World Wide Fund For Nature

C. Greenpeace D. BirdLife International

4.What can we learn about WWF?

A. It helps to protect nature and save endangered animals.

B. It is the world’s largest international organization.

C. It works for private companies and rich people.

D. It is a private organization in China

Music is often thought of as “easy” or “play time”,but it's not that at all.Music plays a very important part in our education.Students who learn music learn a lot of music history at school.This includes “modes(调式)”,which were used in churches during the development of music.They are still used today.Students learn about the historical events that were taking place when the music they play was written.They learn what the music was used for.So much of our culture is in music and has been for centuries.Music also helps with science.Students use science to help them discover what sounds good together and what doesn't.Students also need science to understand something called the “overtone series”,which is about how music is produced by vibration(颤动)and why.Students learn a lot about languages.Many songs are written in other languages,including ancient ones.Students must learn to translate these works to understand what they are singing about.Some songs are famous poems or short works set to music.Students learn a huge amount of coordination(协调)through music,so parts of the body can work better together.Students must use fine motor skills in order to play an instrument.Singers and players must learn breath control and be in good shape to play.

Students learn about art.Some famous pieces were written about important works of art,and students learn about the artists and styles as they're playing the music.Music education also brings higher thinking to our children.It allows them to think about complex patterns (How can I make my part sound better?How do this music and these different parts fit together?).Students have to know absolutely what every other musician does at all times.In that way,it develops teamwork.As one can see,music is very important to education besides bringing us fun.

1.Learning music is helpful to the following subjects EXCEPT________.

A. science B. language

C. politics D. history

2.Students who learn music have to translate songs________.

A. because they are learning the language

B. because they must understand what they are singing about

C. because the songs are ancient ones

D. because they are famous poems

3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Modes are still used in modern music.

B. Different kinds of music show different cultures.

C. It's easier for athletes to learn to play an instrument.

D. A good musician should know the importance of teamwork.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The importance of music.

B. The importance of music education.

C. Ways to learn music well.

D. Skills music students should have.

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