题目内容

13.As we all know,the language is a very important tool for people to communicate with each other.In most of the languages,people usually begin their conversations by a kind of small talk-a casual form of conversation that"breaks the ice"or fills an awkward silence between people.That is to say,small talk means the little things we talk about to start a conversation.In English-speaking countries such as Britain,people often make small talk about the weather."Nice day,isn't it?""Terrible weather,isn't it?"
However,we still have something special about small talk.It must be about something which both people have the same opinion about.The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something.This makes meeting people easier and more comfortable.People usually agree about the weather,so it is a safe topic for small talk.But people often disagree about religion(宗教) or politics so these are not suitable topics for small talk.The topics for small talk also depend on where the conversation is taking place.At basketball matches,people make small talk about the game they are watching."Great game,isn't it?"At train stations,people may talk about the transport system."The train service is terrible,isn't it?"
36.According to the passage,small talk isC.
A.a kind of conversation with short words
B.a greeting used when people meet each other
C.something we talk about to start a conversation
D.to let people disagree about something
37.What is the favorite topic of small talk for English people?D
A.the languages.B.the politics.C.the game.D.the weather.
38.The purpose of small talk isA.
A.to let both people agree on something
B.to disagree about religion or politics
C.to start to learn a foreign language
D.to understand the importance of the language
39.When we say"Great game,isn't it?"what do we mean in fact?D
A.asking a question                         B.making small talk
C.greeting each other                       D.talking about the game
40.What can we learn from the passage?C
A.Different languages have different grammar.
B.We must have something special about small talk.
C.Small talk is an important part of a language.
D.In English-speaking countries we should talk about the weather.

分析 本文主要讲述了人们聊天的一种形式--small talk,以及它在人们的日常生活中不可替代的作用.

解答 36.C 细节理解题,根据文章第一段的内容people usually begin their conversations by a kind of small talk-a casual form of conversation that"breaks the ice"or fills an awkward silence between people.以及small talk means the little things we talk about to start a conversation 说明small talk 就是人们开始一段对话的前提,由闲聊慢慢深入到其他的话题中去,故答案为C.
37.D 细节理解题,由下文In English-speaking countries such as Britain,people often make small talk about the weather可知英国人最喜欢谈论天气,故选D.
38.A 细节理解题,由第二段The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something.答案为A.
39.D 细节理解题,根据第二段TAt basketball matches,people make small talk about the game they are watching."Great game,isn't it?"说明人们在以这样的闲聊来开始他们对比赛的讨论,结合选项,故选D.
40.C 推理判断题,由第一段的内容可知,small talk作为语言的一种重要的表达形式之一,对于在某些场合的使用是非常重要的,结合选项,C为正确答案.

点评 本文是一篇历史文化类阅读理解,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.

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3.Gingerbread Houses:A Popular,Classic Holiday Treat
You can cook with it.You can make candy from it.You can put it into drinks or take it as medicine.Ginger has many uses,but none as beautiful as when it is used in a gingerbread house.
Past and present
Ginger-he key part of gingerbread and the houses themselves-has a long history.It is believed that ginger was used as early as 2,000 B.C.in China.Gingerbread houses were first written about during the 15th century.But it was the 19'th century fairy tale"Hansel and Gretel"that started the trend.As European immigrants made their way around the world,so did gingerbread houses!
One example occurred in the town of Belleville in the 1850s.As large numbers of German immigrants moved there,many brought along their gingerbread house recipes.Today,during the holidays,Belleville hosts a"Gingerbread Walk"through its downtown area.Along the path,shop owners display beautifully-made gingerbread houses and other gingerbread creations.The event allows visitors and locals alike to enjoy Belleville's tastiest tradition.
The world's largest
In 2006,Roger Pelcher constructed the world's largest gingerbread house in Bloomington,Minn.Measuring over 60 feet tall,the house took Pelcher's team l,700 hours to complete.To achieve the world record,Guinness World Records said 95 percent of the outside had to be eatable.So Pelcher used 14,250 pounds of gingerbread and over a ton of candy on the house!
Winning houses
At Christmas time,people from Sweden to Seattle enter their creations in gingerbread house contests.Winners receive prizes for the most difficult to build,most creative,most beautiful as well as other categories.But winning contests isn't the main reason why making these houses is so popular.The wonderful smell as the gingerbread bakes and the joy of eating it are the real reasons!
DIY
Online directions and ready-to-assemble kits make creating gingerbread houses easier than ever before.You can make them as simple or as complex as you choose,Experience a"taste"of the holidays with your own gingerbread house this year!
45.We learn from the text thatB.
A.the fairy tale"Hansel and Gretel"made gingerbread houses popular in the world
B."Gingerbread Walk"has attracted people to enjoy Belleville's tastiest tradition
C.gingerbread houses were brought to Belleville by Asian immigrants
D.gingerbread house making started in ancient China
46..What makes gingerbread houses so popular?C
A.An interesting origin.
B.Extraordinary prizes to winners.
C.The smell and enjoyment of eating.
D.Creations in gingerbread-house contests.
47.What can we infer from this passage?C
A.Gingerbread houses are eaten by people only at Christmas.
B.We can book many kinds of gingerbread houses through the Internet,
C.Immigration played an import ant role in the spread of gingerbread houses.
D.The gingerbread house made by Pelcher failed to achieve the Guinness World Records.
4.Winter weather has returned to northern areas of the world.In much of the United States,winter means the return of snow.
Snow is a form of frozen water.It contains many groups of very small ice particles (颗粒)called snow crystals(晶体).These crystals grow from water particles in cold clouds.They usually grow around a piece of dust.All snow crystals have six sides,but they grow in different shapes.The shape depends mainly on the temperature and water levels in the air.The shape of a snow crystal may change from one form to another as the crystal passes through levels of air with different temperatures.Snow contains much less water than rain.About 75 cm of snow has as much water as 2.5cm of rain.
Generally,the color of snow and ice appears white.This is because the light we see from the sun is white.Most natural materials take in some sunlight.However,when light travels from air to snow,some light is sent back,or reflected(反射).Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight.It is this light that gives snow its white color.
Much of the water we use comes from snow.Melting(融化) snow gives water to rivers and crops.Snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from the cold.Fresh snow is made largely of air which is kept among the snow crystals.Because the air has trouble moving,the movement of heat is greatly reduced.However,snow is responsible for the deaths of hundreds of people in the United States every year.Many people die in traffic accidents on roads that are covered with snow or ice.
71.In the center of a snow crystal there isC
A.air       B.water      C.dust     D.sunlight
72.If fifteen centimeters of snow completely melts,the height of water will beA
A.0.5 centimeter   B.1centimeter   C.1.5 centimeters   D.15 centimeters
73.According to the text,snow looks white becauseC.
A.snow is actually white                
B.the ice particles are white
C.the reflection of light makes it look white 
D.there is a lot of air in the snow
74.How can snow protect plants from the cold?D
A.Snow gives them much heat.
B.Snow turns into water and waters them.
C.Snow makes them keep moving.
D.Snow contains air which has trouble moving.
75.What is the last paragraph of the text mainly about?C
A.Snow can give water to rivers and crops.
B.Snow can help crops keep warm in winter.
C.Snow has both advantages and disadvantages.
D.Snow is the cause of the deaths of many people.
1.Nobody knows who first invented it,but the umbrella was used in very ancient times.Probably the first to use it were the Chinese,back in the eleventh century B.C.To use it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains.But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain.It was first used as a shade against the sun.
We know it was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade.And there was a strange thing connected with its use; it became a symbol of honor and authority.In the Far East in ancient times,the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office.
In Europe,the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade.And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece.But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.
During the Middle Ages,the use of the umbrella practically disappeared.Then it appeared again in Italy in the late 16th century.And again it became a symbol of power and  authority.By 1680,the umbrella appeared in France,and later on in England.
By the eighteenth century,the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe.Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time,though they have become much lighter in weight.It wasn't until the twentieth century that women's umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors.

67.Which of the following statements is not true about the umbrella?C
A.No one exactly knows who was the inventor of the umbrella.
B.The umbrella was first invented to be used as protection against the sun.
C.The umbrella changed much in style in the eighteenth century.
D.In Europe,the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella.
68.The underlined word"authority"meansC.
A.being popular     B.being useful
C.being powerful    D.being enjoyable
69.In Europe,the umbrella was first used against the rainB.
A.in Rome         B.by the eighteen century
C.in Greece       D.during the Middle Ages
70.This passage talks mainly aboutD.
A.when and how the umbrella was invented
B.why the umbrella was so popular in Europe
C.the development of the umbrella
D.the history and use of the umbrella.
8.There are three different kinds of friends in our life.I classify them according to how well I know them and how well they know me.
The first type of friend is just an acquaintance(泛泛之交).This means that you only know their names.You might not even remember what they look like if you go away for a short vacation.You don't miss them when they are elsewhere.It is also this type of friend who gives you the most amount of aggravation (恼怒).Since most of the time you are placed in a position where you have to act friendly,you would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry,such as tapping the fingers on a table or shouting loudly.I call them"pest friends".
The second kind of friend is a"guest friend".They are just social partners.You meet them at a certain location and at the end of the meeting you go your separate way and they go theirs.You don't talk too often with this sort of friend,and you don't share each other's secrets.
Lastly,we have"best friends".This sort of friend is there when you need them.They know you as a person and they are there through thick and thin.Best friends are the ones that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens.If you need a listening ear,they will be the one to lend support.
Friends come in all different shapes and sizes.Every friend has an effect on our life…

31.What is this passage mainly about?B
A.What a true friend is like.
B.Three kinds of friends in our life.
C.The role that friends play in our life.
D.Why there are different kinds of friends.
32.According to the writer of the passage,when a friend of the first type acts in an annoying way,youA.
A.may find it hard to tell him or her not to do so
B.should stay away from him or her
C.can tell him or her about it directly
D.should advise him or her to correct his or her behavior
33.Which of the following statements is WRONG about the second type of friend?C
A.They are only social partners.
B.You don't talk very often with them.
C.They are called"pest friends"by the writer.
D.You don't share your secrets with them.
34.If someone is with you through thick and thin,it meansD.
A.he or she is your best friend for sure
B.he or she agrees with whatever you say
C.you spend most of your time together
D.he or she is with you even when there are difficulties
35.What will most probably be talked about in Paragraph 5?A
A.How to make friends.
B.How to improve friendship.
C.How friends influence our life.
D.How to get along well with the third type of friend.
18.America is a mobile society.Friendships between Americans can be close and real,yet disappear soon if situations change.Neither side feels hurt by this.Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two,perhaps a few letters for a while-then no more.If the same two people meet again by chance,even years later,they pick up the friendship.This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand,because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings,extending sometimes deeply into both families.
ericans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes,share their holidays,and their home life.They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives,they don't show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time.This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time.Sometimes,we,as hosts,will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend.We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends.The Americans,however,express their welcome usually at homes,but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine.They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus.And they expect that we will phone them from there.Once we arrive at their homes,the welcome will be full,warm and real.We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
  For the Americans,it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants,except for purely business matters.So accept their hospitality at home.
61.In which part of a newspaper can this article be found?A
A.Culture.B.News.C.Story.D.Travel.
62.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?D
A.Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.
B.Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.
C.Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.
D.Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.
63.The underlined words"flower"(in Line 5)probably meansB.
A.weaken         B.develop             C.stretch              D.disappear
64.From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend,we will probably beA.
A.treated hospitably at his home                
B.offered a ride to his home
C.warmly welcomed at the airport                
D.treated to dinner in a restaurant
65.The writer mainly talks aboutCin the text.
A.friendships between Chinese                   
B.Americans'hospitality
C.different views of friendship                 
D.friendships between Americans.
5.Making greener choices and encouraging healthy lifestyles can promote your health and benefit the environment.Here are some guidelines to follow:
Choose foods thoughtfully
Americans have never had such a variety or abundance of food to choose from.Besides so many choices,we now hear about our"food print",the amount of land needed to supply one person's nutritional needs for a year.Do we buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico or tomatoes grown locally in a hothouse?Do.we get the Granny Smiths from the fanners'market or the supermarket?Is organic produce healthier for us and the planet?
These are very complex issues that require analysis of many criteria,including the energy used in producing and transporting the food,as well as the type of soil and methods of raising the food.
Despite the complexities,there are some general guidelines you can follow.For instance,eat less meat or eat low on the food chain.Your doctor may have recommended you to restrict your consume red meat because of its too much fat content.Beyond th at,there are environmental reasons,too.Raise food animals contributes substantially to climate change because a meat-based diet requires more land,energy and water than a plant-based one.
Drinking plenty of fluids is significant during hot weather or when exercising.But is bottled water the way to go?You may not think so when seeing the true costs.Based on a survey,manufacturing the 30-plus billion plastic water bottles can produce more than 2.5 million tons of carbon dioxide and use here times the amount of water in the bottle.Adding in transportation,the energy used comes to over 50 million barrels of oil equivalent (等价物).Consequently,skip the bottled water and drink tap water,both at home and at restaurants.Additionally,bottled water is not necessarily cleaner than tap.
1.In Paragraph 2 the author puts forward three questions mainlyD.
A.to prove Americans have less food to choose from
B.to show us the shopping habits of most Americans
C.to indicate Americans tend to buy food from abroad
D.to remind people to reconsider their food purchase
2.The doctor recommends eating less red meat partly becauseA.
A.it contains too much fat           
B.it costs a lot in transportation
C.it is too low on the food chain         
D.it isn't related to climate change
3.According to the text,which of the following is true?C
A.Americans all prefer to buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico.
B.The plant-based diet is responsible for the climate change.
C.Americans have a variety of food to choose from.
D.Organic produce is the only choice for Americans.
4.Based on the last paragraph,we know thatB.
A.bottled water is cleaner than tap water
B.tap water is economical as well as eco-friendly
C.bottled water is more available than tap water
D.tap water uses one-third the cost of bottled water
5.What is the best subtitle for the last paragraph?A
A.Skip bottled water,carry tap      
B.Drink bottled water
C.Produce plastic water bottles       
D.Save water resources.
2.How can you find out what is going on inside a person's body without opening the patient's body up?Regular X rays can show a lot.CAT scans can show even more.They can give a complete view of body organs.
What is a CAT scan?CAT stands for a kind of machine.It is a special X-ray machine that gets a 360-degree picture of a small area of a patient's body.
Doctors use X rays to study and determine diseases and injuries within the body,X rays can find a foreign object inside the body or take pictures of some inside organs to be X-rayed.
A CAT scanner,however,uses a group of X rays to give a cross-sectional(横截面)view of a specific part of the body.A fine group of X rays is scanned across the body and around the patient from many different directions.A computer studies the information from each direction and produces a clear cross-sectional picture on a screen.This picture is then photographed for later use.Several cross sections,taken one after another,can give clear"photos"of the entire body or of any body organs.The latest CAT scanners can even give clear pictures of active,moving organs,just as a fast-action camera can"stop the action",giving clear pictures of what appears unclear to the eye.And because of the 360-degree pictures,CAT scans show clear and complete views of organs in a manner that was once only shown during operation or examination of a dead patient.
Frequent appearance before X rays can cause skin burns,cancer or other damage to the body.Yet CAT scans actually don't cause the patient to more radiation than regular X rays do.CAT scans can also be done without getting something harmful into the patient,so they are less risky than regular X rays.
CAT scans provide exact,detailed information.They can quickly find such a thing as bleeding inside the brain.They are helping to save lives.
46.What is NOT true of a CAT scan?C
A.It is safer than regular X rays.
B.It makes use of computer techniques.
C.It can stop the action of an organ for a short time.
D.It gives clear pictures of active,moving body parts.
47.The underlined words"a foreign object"(Para 3)most probably refer to.D
A.a badly injured part inside the body
B.a new thing that is unknown to the doctor
C.a strange organ that has grown in the body
D.an object that gets inside the body by chance
48.What is the special use of the latest CAT scanners?A
A.It provides clear photos of moving organs.
B.It can take 3-dimension(三维)pictures of inside organs.
C.It won't cause serious skin burns,cancer or other damage to the body.
D.It helps to find out what is going on inside a person's body without opening it up.
49.We can infer from this passage that.A
A.patients in front of CAT may suffer from a bit of radiation
B.doctors need no opening-up of the body with CAT scanners
C.CAT scanners are more expensive than regular X-ray machines
D.CAT scanners can take photos of either the whole body or a part of it
50.The best title of this passage might be.B
A.the Newest Medical Invention
B.New X-ray Machine to Save Lives
C.How to Avoid the Damage of X Rays
D.Advantages and Disadvantages of CAT Scanners.

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