题目内容

假定你是李华,你准备以“Environmental Protection”为主题参加学校举办的英语演讲比赛。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿,要点如下:

1.陈述目前的环境状况;

2.简析环境污染的原因及影响;

3.提出保护环境的措施。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3.开头和结尾已写好,不计词数。

Good morning, everyone!

.

Thank you!

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Long-time exposure to air pollution can lead to physical changes in the brain and cause trouble in learning and memory, and even anxiety. This is suggested by the results of new research on mice.

While other studies have shown the harmful effects of polluted air in the lungs and heart, this is the first to show the negative effect on the brain.

The team of Laura Fonken, Randy Nelson, from the Ohio State University, USA, has spread to the brain a previous line of research which found that fine particulate (微粒) matter floating in the air mainly because of air pollution caused by humans, causes swelling in much of the body, and may be related to high blood pressure problems, and some other diseases.

In the research Fonken and his colleagues exposed mice to polluted air for six hours each day, five days a week, over a period of 10 months, almost half the average life length of mice.

Polluted air contains fine particles created by cars, factories and natural dust. Fine particles of this kind are tiny, about 2.5 micrometers in diameter, or about one-thirtieth the width of a human hair. These particles can go deep into lungs and other organs.

The concentration of this particulate material to which they exposed mice is equal to the concentration at which people can be exposed in some polluted urban areas.

After a period of 10 months, the researchers got the animals to have a series of behavioral tests. Both the behavior of mice and the results of neurological(神经的) tests done to them show that those within the polluted air had more problems in learning and memory, and higher levels of anxiety.

The results suggest that long-time exposure to polluted air can have measurable negative effects on the human brain and can cause a variety of mental health problems. This could have important consequences for those living and working in polluted urban areas.

1.The results of new research on mice first suggest that polluted air mainly does harm to ________.

A. normal organsB. lungs and heart

C. mental healthD. blood pressure

2.The bad effects of tiny particles in polluted air are those except ________.

A. high blood pressure problems

B. making human hair thinner

C. different kinds of diseases

D. swelling in much of the body

3.From the last sentence we can infer that people living in polluted urban areas ________.

A. are likely to suffer from mental problems

B. can measure the negative effect on them

C. show little concern for air pollution

D. can be exposed to polluted air longer

4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Long-time Exposure to Air Pollution

B. Evidence and Concern of Air Pollution

C. Measurable Effect on Human Brain

D. Mental Problems Caused by Air Pollution

The London Underground is one of the best transport networks in the world with around 24 million journeys made each day, so it is important that everything runs smoothly. Remember the following to travel like a Londoner.

Keep right on escalator(自动梯)

London Underground asks that you stand on the right when using the escalators and leave the left free for others to walk down. If you are traveling in a big group, or with lots of shopping bags, stand and stay right and let others pass you---it will speed up the process and be a more pleasant journey for everyone!

Remember the “rush hour”

The tube network is very busy during the rush hour. You can expect the trains and stations to be overcrowded between 7:30 and 9:30 in the morning and between 17:00 and 19:00 in the evening.

Move down the platform to find more space

As you enter the station platform, you will often find more room if you walk down to the end of the platform. Here, the train carriages are usually the emptiest as well.

Carry a bottle of water in warmer moths

The London Underground is over 150 years old and although the trains have been modernized, many still lack air conditioning and cooling units. Make sure you take a bottle of water with you, especially in the summer, as the long tube journeys can get very hot.

Keep your personal belongings safe

Like any large city be cautions of pickpockets operating in the busy stations and tubes. Carry a bag with zips and keep your personal belongings and valuable items in it to avoid becoming the victims of theft.

Plan your journey on the London Underground in advance with a free tube map. Click here to download.

1.What can we know about the London Underground from the text?

A. It is used by about 24 million people every week

B. Its rush hour is around 10:00 am on weekends

C. It has a history of more than one and a half centuries.

D. It is enjoyable for people to travel on it all year round..

2.What should we do when taking the London Underground?

A. Avoid taking water along with the ride.

B. Standing on the right when using the escalators

C. Avoid taking a large number of shopping bags

D. Walk to the middle of the platform to find more space.

3.In order not to be stolen, you are advised to__________.

A. avoid traveling in a big group

B. avoid traveling during the rush hour

C. keep your valuables in a zipped bag.

D. stay away from busy stations and tubes

4.Where would you be most likely to find the text?

A. On a website. B. On a city map.

C. On a notice board. D. In a business report.

Swimming in the water of Hawaii’s Big Island is a fun experience. But it can be more exciting if there are dolphins swimming around and jumping out of the sea too. For many people, it would be a wonderful dream to swim with these lovely animals! However, this may not be good for dolphins. They may get hurt because of human interaction (互动).

Dolphins are active and usually look for food at night. In the day, they like to rest in shallow bays(浅湾). Many people think the dolphins are awake during the day as they swim. But when they sleep they rest half of their brain and keep the other half awake to breathe, so they may be sleeping even when they’re swimming in the water.

From 2010 to 2013, spinner dolphins (飞旋海豚) of Hawaii’s Big Island were exposed to human activities more than 82 percent of the time, according to Julian Tyne, a researcher at Australia’s Murdoch University.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) says disturbing the animals in their near-shore habitat could force them to swim to less favorable places, putting them at risk of attack by sharks and other animals. ?

Besides, when people are around, dolphins become more active. Thus, they can’t get enough sleep. “Disturbing their resting behaviors can actually affect their long term health and the health of the dolphin population,” Ann Garrett of NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Service told the Associated Press.

As a result, the NOAA wants to make rules to help protect the dolphins. For example, the agency (机构) may ban swimming with the Hawaii spinner dolphins. Or they may stop people from swimming in shallow bays when the dolphins are resting. Tour operators must also be taught to watch for signs to know when the dolphins are in their resting state.

1.Which of the following about dolphins is NOT true?

A. They spend most of their time sleeping at night.

B. They like to stay in shallow bays during the day.

C. They keep half of their brain awake while sleeping.

D. They may be sleeping even when they’re swimming.

2.When dolphins are disturbed in their near-shore habitat, they _____.

A. would swim to a crowded place

B. could move closer to sharks

C. could become less active

D. could likely sleep longer

3.Which activity is against the rules?

A. Swimming with the Hawaii spinner dolphins.

B. Swimming in bays where the dolphins live.

C. Making signs that show the dolphins’ resting state.

D. Making signs that show where the dolphins are.

4.What does the article mainly talk about?

A. What habits dolphins have.

B. What spinner dolphins are.

C. How the animals live in the sea.

D. How to protect dolphins near the shore.

Bars are very important in providing a place where people can meet and make friends. People who enjoy a drink in a local bar are happier and have more friends. They are more likely to be engaged in conversations in small community pubs, and social skills improve after a drink.

Professor Robin Dunbar of Oxford University said, “Friendship and communities are probably the two most important factors influencing our health and well-being. Making and maintaining friendships is something that has to be done in the real world. The digital world is simply no substitute(n.替代物). Given the increasing tendency for our social life to be on the Internet rather than in real life, having relaxed, accessible places where people can meet old friends and make new ones becomes even more necessary.”

Tim Page, chief executive of CAMRA, said, “Bars offer a social environment to enjoy a drink with friends in a responsible community setting. The role of community bars in ensuring well-being cannot be overstated. For that reason, we all need to do what we can to ensure that everyone has a ‘local’ near to where they live or work.”

Bars have long been part of British society and have played a key role in British social life since the 16th century. Bars came to represent the heart and soul of a community, providing both a place of entertainment and an engine for community bonding. In a world before the arrival of the motor car, the bar provided a venue in which people could get friendships and a sense of community.

But the closing decades of the 20th century witnessed major changes in both the style of bars (for example, themed bars) and their numbers. As of 2015, the number of bars declines sharply, with bars continuing to close at an average rate of 29 a week.

1.What does a regular(n.常客) at a local bar having more friends prove?

A. The benefits brought by pub cultures

B. The popularity of local bars in Britain.

C. The relation between friendships and bars

D. The importance of face-to-face communication.

2.What does Robin think is the tendency for social life?

A. More people will go to bars.

B. People will maintain friendships

C. People will trust the digital world

D. People will communicate more online.

3.Why does Tim Page value the role of local bars?

A. They contribute to people’s social happiness.

B. They are a place common people can afford.

C. They are a good place to spread cultural values.

D. They are accessible to people in the community.

4.What can we infer about bars nowadays?

A. Themed bars have held the market

B. Some bars have a hard time surviving.

C. They become the heart of a community

D. Measures should be taken to save them.

Indiana 6-year-old Levi Mayhew suffers from a rare and fatal genetic disorder.According to a ________ from the Make-A-Wish Foundation(基金会),Levi is too sick to ________, so when he was able to ________ his wish, he did ________ extra special with it.

Levi ________ his Make-A-Wish trip to 10-year-old Emma Broyer,his closest school friend who has been one of his biggest ________ throughout his medical challenges. Emma gives him ________ letters and gifts and asks her friends to do the same.Levi’s mom Rebecca Drake told WTHR that ________ in her son’s toughest moments,Emma never ________ to make him smile.“Just having Emma say ‘Hi’ to Levi made a world of ________.It opened two hearts at once.”she said.

To show his ________, Levi wished Emma to take a special trip to Florida.For the little Indiana girl who’d never been on a plane,the surprise ________ was truly the trip of a lifetime.When Emma and her family went to Florida,they ________ a“Flat Levi” figure(画像),which they included on a11 of their ________.

At their ________ party, Emma gave Levi an album “Emma and Levi’s trip.”Levi’s mom Rebecca told the news station:

“It felt so good to ________ this little girl.Emma had given so much to us without even ________ it.It's a very warm feeling to know that another child loves and cares so much for your child,especially while facing the ________. It’s so innocent and pure.________ angels(天使) really do walk the earth,Emma is one.She’s Levi’s angel.This story proves that the ‘power of one’ is so ________.”

1.A.doctorB.headmasterC.spokespersonD.teacher

2.A.studyB.playC.swimD.travel

3.A.obtainB.quitC.changeD.neglect

4.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing

5.A.donatedB.madeC.arrangedD.sold

6.A.contributorsB.supportersC.sponsorsD.agents

7.A.discouragingB.encouragingC.surprisingD.boring

8.A.stillB.everC.evenD.perhaps

9.A.remembersB.desiresC.expectsD.fails

10.A.successB.differenceC.surpriseD.freedom

11.A.mercyB.gratitudeC.delightD.pride

12.A.experimentB.achievementC.vacationD.research

13.A.gave outB.put up

C.took awayD.brought along

14.A.1ecturesB.flights

C.appointmentsD.adventures

15.A.welcomeB.farewellC.graduationD.birthday

16.A.payB.serveC.awardD.reward

17.A.forgettingB.explainingC.realizingD.valuing

18.A.cheersB.challenges

C.opportunitiesD.advantages

19.A.ThoughB.UnlessC.IfD.Since

20.A.amazingB.satisfying

C.scaringD.disappointing

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social-progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try." What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistake belief that—one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

1.What does this text mainly talk about?

A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.

B. People hold different opinions about competition.

C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

D. Failures are necessary experience in competition.

2.Some people favor competition because they think it ________.

A. pushes society forward

B. builds up a sense of pride

C. improves social abilities

D. develops people's relationship

3.The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 refers to those who ________.

A. try their best to win

B. highly value competition

C. are strongly against competition

D. mostly rely on others for success

4.Which viewpoint does the author agree to?

A. Self-worth relys on winning.

B. Competition leads to unfriendly relationship.

C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.

D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

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