With the Indian economy predicted to grow by 7.5 percent this year, experts say it could be time for Western CEOs to learn some lessons from Indian CEOs.The key differences between Indian and Western bosses are:

       Social purpose

       One of the most important things is that Indian leaders lead with a sense of social purpose.Every leader in India gave a specific social purpose as being the goal of their business.Those purposes ranged from improving healthcare to getting cell phones to people who didn't have access to communication tools.Having a social purpose motivates workers.

       Invest in employees

      Indian firms invest an enormous amount in their employees' training and development.IT firms typically offer 60 days of formal training for newly hired workers and they even spend months training experienced workers.A study said that Western firms have largely abandoned investing in employees, seeing it as a waste if they quit.But Indian bosses believe that investing in employees ensures the quality of those who stay at the company.

       Take the long view

       Indian bosses stress far less on shareholders than it is typical at Western business.As a result they're more able to take a long-term view.Western companies can't just ignore their shareholders, but their CEOs can do more to protect their -employees from short-term financial pressures, letting them get on with their jobs.

       Work from their strengths

       Western companies often think about strategy in terms of chasing customers or pursuing market opportunities, but Indian firms will more often start by identifying their strengths and customers’ needs, and then try to meet those needs.

       Act as a role model

       Being a personal role model for their employees is an amazing thing for a CEO.If Western bosses could think of themselves as role models, it would have a real impact on their workers.

Indian CEOs use their sense of social purpose to _________.

       A.improve the workers' healthcare system

       B.provide cell phones to people in need

       C.motivate and encourage their employees

       D.promote the development of communication systems

Western firms have largely abandoned investing in employees’ training and development because _______.

       A.it takes too long to complete the formal training of newly hired workers

       B.they often hire experienced workers who don't need much training

       C.they are afraid of the losses brought about by the resignation of employees

       D.they don't care about the quality of the employees in their firms

Which of the following is TRUE about Western bosses?

       A.They stress on workers more than shareholders.

       B.They always act as role models for employees.

       C.They are good at identifying their own strengths.

       D.They pay closer attention to market opportunities.

      With the Indian economy predicted to grow by 7.5 percent this year, experts say it could be time for Western CEOs to learn some lessons from Indian CEOs.The key differences between Indian and Western bosses are:
Social purpose
One of the most important things is that Indian leaders lead with a sense of social purpose.Every leader in India gave a specific social purpose as being the goal of their business.Those purposes ranged from improving healthcare to getting cell phones to people who didn't have access to communication tools.Having a social purpose motivates workers.
Invest in employees
Indian firms invest an enormous amount in their employees' training and development.IT firms typically offer 60 days of formal training for newly hired workers and they even spend months training experienced workers.A study said that Western firms have largely abandoned investing in employees, seeing it as a waste if they quit.But Indian bosses believe that investing in employees ensures the quality of those who stay at the company.
Take the long view
Indian bosses stress far less on shareholders than it is typical at Western business.As a result they're more able to take a long-term view.Western companies can't just ignore their shareholders, but their CEOs can do more to protect their -employees from short-term financial pressures, letting them get on with their jobs.
Work fromtheir strengths
Western companies often think about strategy in terms of chasing customers or pursuing market opportunities, but Indian firms will more often start by identifying their strengths and customers’ needs, and then try to meet those needs.
Act as a role model
Being a personal role model for their employees is an amazing thing for a CEO.If Western bosses could think of themselves as role models, it would have a real impact on their workers.
【小题1】Indian CEOs use their sense of social purpose to _________.

A.improve the workers' healthcare system
B.provide cell phones to people in need
C.motivate and encourage their employees
D.promote the development of communication systems
【小题2】Western firms have largely abandoned investing in employees’ training and development because _______.
A.it takes too long to complete the formal training of newly hired workers
B.they often hire experienced workers who don't need much training
C.they are afraid of the losses brought about by the resignation of employees
D.they don't care about the quality of the employees in their firms
【小题3】Which of the following is TRUE about Western bosses?
A.They stress on workers more than shareholders.
B.They always act as role models for employees.
C.They are good at identifying their own strengths.
D.They pay closer attention to market opportunities.


第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:
该行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。
该行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该行错一个词:在错的词下画一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
Wise men don’t always act as wise                                          76.__________
as we think. At times they maybe do something silly,                77.__________
and then the stories about their foolish acts are still                   78.__________
widely talked throughout the world in modern times.                79.__________
For example, Beethoven was said to having insisted on             80.__________
paying a waiter in a restaurant for a dinner he has not                      81.__________
eaten or ever ordered; the British physicist Newton, while lives  82.__________
in London, cut two holes in the door, one big, other small,               83.__________
so as for his two cats to pass by. He only thought the                 84.__________
bigger cat couldn’t get through the smaller holes easily.             85.__________

If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.

    Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.

    The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration(登记)card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.

    The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.

    With so many loopholes (漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty advantages”.  But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”.

1. The underlined words in this passage means to “______”.

  A. be ready to help others         B. make good use of one’s friends

  C. be a little ahead of others       D. gain something at other’s expense

2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

  A. While taking a taxi in Finland, you can get off without first paying your fare.

  B. In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if you’re living in the hotel.

  C. The bosses in Finland pay the employees according to registration of their working hours.

  D. The workers are always honest with their working hours.

3.We can learn from the passage that ______.

  A. the Finnish society is of very high moral (道德) level

  B. there are many loopholes in everyday life in Finland

  C. in Finland, most taxi drivers will not charge you anything

  D. everyone in Finland is like a gentleman, for they have faith in themselves

4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage ?

  A. Life in Finland       B. A Society with “Foolish” People

  C. What a Life          D. Honest accounts of the Finns

 

 If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.

Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.

The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.

The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.

With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty advantages”. But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”.

In a society of such high moral practice, what need is there for people to be on guard against others?

1.While taking a taxi in Finland, a passenger __________.

A. can go anywhere without having to pay the driver

B. only pays two US dollars for a taxi ride

        C. can never be turned down by the taxi driver wherever he wants to go

         D. needs to provide good faith demonstration before leaving without paying

2.We can know from the passage that in Finland __________.

        A. both hotel guests and outside diners are served food free of charge

        B. big hotels provide meals for all kinds of diners

        C. guests can enjoy free food once they stayed in the hotel

        D. big hotels are mostly poorly managed

3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Generally speaking, in Finland, workers can get more pay by working long hours.

         B. The workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay.

        C. The workers are always honest with their working hours.

         D. The bosses are too busy to check the working hours of their employees.

4. It can be concluded that _________.

        A. Finnish people are really foolish in daily life

        B. Finland has been a good place for cheats

        C. the Finnish society is of very high moral level

        D. all the Finns are rich and therefore honest

 

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