题目内容

I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. As a doctor, mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it, from the baby’s point of view.

Mothers, doctors and nurses alike have no idea of where a baby’s blood sugar level lies. All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible. The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.

It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four-hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied. The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night. I’ve never heard anything so ridiculous. Baby feeding shouldn’t follow a timetable set by the mum. What is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.

Well, at last we have copper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding. The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5, 7, 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. By the age of 8, their IQ scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid(严格的)timetable. This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s, taking account of parental education, family income, a child’s sex and age, the mother’s health and feeding style. These results don’t surprise me. Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.

I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.

1.What does the author think about Dr King?

A. He is strict.

B. He is unkind.

C. He has the wrong idea.

D. He sets a timetable for mothers

2.The word copper-bottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .

A. basic B. reliable

C. surprising D. interesting

3.What does the research tell us about feeding a baby on demand?

A. The baby will sleep well.

B. The baby will have its brain harmed.

C. The baby will have a low blood sugar level.

D. The baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.

4.The author supports feeding the baby .

A. whenever it wants food

B. according to its blood sugar level

C. in the night

D. every four hours

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Many tourists visiting the USA on vacation enjoy shopping for bargains. You can find many bargains in the US if you know where to shop and how to take advantage of the competitive sales.

Department stores offer good quality and high fashion

Macy’s department stores offer a wide selection of merchandise(商品), including fashion clothing, luggage and jewelry. They normally offer good quality merchandise, well known brands and the latest fashions, but not low quality products at bargain prices. They frequently have seasonal sales with attractive discounts. At such times, you can get high quality or fashion merchandise at bargain prices.

General merchandise stores offer affordable quality

Sears and JCPenny are two large national chains with stores across the US. They are similar to department stores but they do not offer high fashion merchandise or luxury(奢侈的) brands. Instead, they feature good quality merchandise at affordable prices. They are particularly known for their selection of children's clothing and domestic goods. Sears is famous for its selection of tools and garden products.[]

Discount stores sell at low prices

Discount stores sell some good quality merchandise at affordable prices and some lower quality merchandise at very low prices. If you are not looking for the latest fashions, famous brands, or the best quality, you can find some very inexpensive merchandise at a discount store. Some national discount chains with stores across the US are K-Mart, Wal-Mart, Target and Caldor.

Outlet stores are a bargain hunter's wonderland

Outlet stores or factory outlets sell high quality merchandise and well-known brands at discounted prices. They usually offer merchandise with slight flaws(瑕疵) and remainders from the last season or the previous year. They do not have end-of-season sales like the department stores, as their merchandise is always discounted 20% to 40% below department store prices.

1. If you want to buy a new dress that is fashionable, you should go to _______.

A. Sears B. Wal-Mart

C. JCPenny D. Macy’s

2.What is a feature of general merchandise stores?

A. They normally offer the best quality merchandise.

B. They offer well-known brands and the latest fashions.

C. They offer goods at acceptable prices.

D. They can offer a special discount.

3.Which of the following is NOT true about outlet stores?

A. You can purchase goods with excellent quality and reasonable prices.

B. They can offer goods from last year.

C. You will get goods with serious quality problems.

D. Their merchandise is always discounted below department store prices.

There are times when nothing seems to be working in our favor. We may use complaining as a coping mechanism (办法,途经) when we are truly unhappy. However, there are many times when we don’t try our best and just want things to work our way. We may try to cover our faults by complaining about the unfairness of it all. These are expressive complaints where the complainer just wants to let out his/her anger or frustration, with no real intention of solving the problem. The complainer expects pity and recognition from the listeners although the results often disappoint him/her.

Sometimes, we use complaints as a conversation starter. Conversations that start with a complaint often have a domino effect. It may cause the listener to include his/her complaints in the conversation as well, which makes you think that you are not the only one facing problems. However, your good feeling won’t last long as long as you are always focusing on the negative.

When complaining becomes a habit, you complain to anyone that comes around. Negativity that comes from complaining kills creativity and innovation (创新). Habitual complainers are less likely to come up with new ideas, as they are busy finding faults and discourage others from trying new things by making them feel that they won’t work. When you spend time with people who constantly complain, you are likely to view things in a negative light. This will make things worse. This can affect the way you perceive your own situation, and even the people around you.

Though expressing your feelings may momentarily improve your state of mind, it could sometimes have a bad effect on the listener’s state of mind. A recent study has shown that at social gatherings while people who are unhappy may join you when you play the victim at the beginning, the majority would start avoiding you because of your negativity.

1.Why do people who don’t try their best often complain?

A.They want to get others’ pity.

B.It is the best way to let out their anger.

C.They try to find an excuse for their faults.

D.They hope to get a solution to their problems.

2.According to Paragraph 2, complaints in conversations ________.

A.are easy to deal with

B.can spread to others

C.may help you make friends

D.help focus on the similar unfairness

3.What do we know about habitual complainers?

A.They can hardly influence others in their negative way.

B.They can get momentary comfort by complaining.

C.They have a better understanding of their faults.

D.They are more likely to put forward new ideas.

4.According to the author, complaining at social gatherings is ________.

A.unusual B.acceptable

C.unwelcome D.frustrating

In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair weather (同甘不共苦的) friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠).

Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person's place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.

At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me.

Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.

There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.

When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I've found a friend!

1.Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend?

A. Understanding. B. Honesty.

C. Reliability. D. A sense of humor.

2.If you have fair weather friends, __________.

A. they will give you all that they have when you need help

B. you will be refused when you get into trouble

C. you will become rich

D. you can be sure that you get real friends

3.Good friends need to ___________.

A. always point out each other's mistakes

B. be helped with money

C. understand each other's feelings

D. have money or luck

4.This passage mainly discuss __________.

A. the qualities of a friend

B. where to choose friends

C. how to get along with friends

D. the importance of having a friend

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