Question

阅读理解

Nelson Mandela

　　Nelson Mandela is one of the great political leaders of our time．His lifelong efforts to the fight against racial(种族)oppression(压迫)in his country won him the admiration(钦慕)of millions worldwide, as well as the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize．As the leader of South Africa’s anti-apartheid movement, Mandela was a key player in helping to move his country toward multiracial government and majority rule．

　　Mandela’s long, hard struggle is a victory of dignity(尊严)and hope．During his 27 years of imprisonment, he gained support the world over for his fight against apartheid(种族隔离)．His determination and self-sacrifice(自我牺牲)eventually resulted in a free, multiracial democracy(多种族民主)for South Africa．In December 1996, he personally signed his country’s new constitution(宪法), which put an end to the unjust policies of the former racist(种族)government．

　　Mandela has always spoken out for what he believes in．He’s a man of true courage．If determination and patience were considered talents, Mandela would win hands down in any sort of competition．

Accomplishments(成就)＆fame(名誉)

　　Nelson Mandela’s greatest accomplishments were his role in ending apartheid, and becoming South Africa’s first elected black president．He has been the recipient(收件人)of dozens upon dozens of awards, prizes and honors from countless associations and organizations, but perhaps none more prestigious(声望很高)than the Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with former South African President Frederik W．de Klerk, in 1993．

　　He has been awarded several other major peace prizes, such as the UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)Peace Prize in 1991(also shared with F．W．de Klerk); the Africa Peace Award in 1995 and the International Gandhi Peace Prize in 2002．

　　Mr．Mandela also received dozens of honorary degrees(名誉学位)from universities the world over, including the Universities of Bristol, Cambridge, Glasgow, London, Nottingham, and Oxford, as well as an Honorary Doctorate from the Sorbonne University in Paris(all in July 1996), and Harvard Business School’s Statesman of the Year Award in 1995－to name but a few．He has also been presented(赠送)with the key to cities such as Rome, Rio de Janeiro, London, Dublin, and Sydney, Australia(where he became the first person ever to receive the Freedom of that city)．In July of 2002, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States’ highest civilian(公民)award．

Model

　　There’s something admirable about having been a leader fighting for a person’s freedom and equality in an unjust society．Mandela has become a worldwide symbol(楷模)of the struggle of the oppressed(被压迫者)over the oppressor．He has been celebrated in song by artists the world over, in many different languages．One entitled “Nelson Mandela” was recorded by British 2-Tone group The Special A．K．A(formerly The Specials); making the top 10 in the UK and a few other European nations in 1984．

personal style

　　As a president, Mandela sported the typical garb(服饰)of high-ranking government officials：expensive, well-tailored(缝制精致的)suits．Now retired(退役)from public life, Mandela the elder statesman dresses in an ordinary way．

　　He attends many activities, often where he is the guest of honor, in bright, colorfully patterned(典型的)traditional African robes(长袍)or shirts all the better for getting down when the music begins．

1．Mandela was not only admired(钦慕)for his long fight against ________ but also for ________．

2．How many peaceful prize has Mandela got? He has got ________ in 1991, ________ in 1995 and ________ in 2002．

3．Where did he got the Presidential Medal of Freedom, highest civilian award?________．

4．Mandela is a man full of ________ and his greatest success was to play a part in getting rid of ________ and to be elected ________．

Answer 1

答案：
解析：

　　答案：1．racial oppression; Nobel Peace Prize

　　2．UNESCO Peace Prize　the Africa Peace Award　the International Gandhi Peace Prize

　　3．In the United States

　　4．true courage　apartheid　South Africa’s first black president

　　解析：1．此题是考查段落的细节理解的填空题。根据问题中的not only…but also…来分析，可从第一段第一句as well as推断出相关的句子意思，最好应该是racial oppression; Nobel Peace Prize。

　　2．此题同样是细节理解题。根据第五段首句“such as the UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)Peace Prize in 1991(also shared with F．W．de Klerk); the Africa Peace Award in 1995 and the International Gandhi Peace Prize in 2002．”分析，可判定第一句such as是举例，从而可推断问题中的几个时间段，所获和评奖情况，所以UNESCO Peace Prize; the Africa Peace Award and the International Gandhi Peace Prize。

　　3．考查替换词，从第五段最后一句 “he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States’ highest civilian(公民)award”推测，问题中where取代了文中作定语的the United States，所以，In the United States最合适。

　　4．同样是填词题，考查整体的理解、分析和应用能力。根据文中第三段第二句“He’s a man of true courage”以及第四段第一句“Nelson Mandela’s greatest accomplishments were his role in ending apartheid, and becoming South Africa’s first elected black president”中true courage; apartheid, and South Africa’s first black president．”推断，问题中success与文中accomplishments意义相近；was elected代替了文中作定语的elected，所以应该是true courage; apartheid，and South Africa’s first black president。