As dangerous as sharks may have seed to people after watching Jaws, which was released on June 20,1975, the recent disastrous decrease in their numbers show that people have proven far more dangerous to sharks.

    This disastrous decline is due in large part to commercial fishing of sharks. “The market for

shark fins(鱼翅)in East Asia opened up thanks to changes in their economy, increasing their

ability to spend money on things such as shark fin soup,” Burgess said.

However, the biggest worry for sharks and their relatives, the skates and rays, which are suffering a similar fate, “is how they are killed incidentally when fishermen try and take other fish—the problem of bycatch(渔业混获),” Burgess explained. “They may be thrown back afterward, but they’re still dead.”

The key of the problems behind bringing sharks back is that “they’re not the same as other fish,” Burgess said, “Sharks are slow growing and slow to reach maturity. Sharks are live bearers, which means females keep their young in their body just like us, but instead of nine months, it takes 12 to 18 months or more in sharks. Also, sharks generally can’t give birth again until a year after they’ve given birth—sometimes they’re on a three-year cycle. So once you get a shark population knocked down, this ‘life in the slow lane’ means that recovery is measured in decades rather than years.”\

Burgess said, “I’m on the recovery team for it, but the recovery plan for that is over the course of 100 years. So I won’t see them recover, nor will you, nor will your children. That’s what it means when these animals go down—they’re down a long time.”

Any measures aimed at saving sharks must not only consider byeatch, “which is the real killer right now,” but also encourage interactional cooperation, Burgess said.

“Sharks are very migratory, and many species cross borders,” he said. “We can protect them only by getting many govemment to come aboard. That’s the hardest part about this.”

The text mainly tells us       .

       A.shark fins are valuable    B.sharks are dangerous

       C.bycatch brings bad effects       D.sharks are in danger

The number of sharks is decreasing mostly because of      .

       A.the film Jaws          B.commercial interests

       C.changes in economy D.shark fin soup

Bringing sharks back is difficult because      .

       A.they’re like the other fish      

       B.their reproductive rate is slow

       C.they can’t give birth again     

       D.their life cycle is only 3 years

What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

       A.Sharks live the way human beings do.

       B.It’s time many govemments cooperate.

       C.Sharks’ migration takes a very long time.

       D.Bycatch shouldn’t be forbidden by intemational laws.

The test is most probably a        .

       A.newspaper ad          B.book review

       C.science news report  D.science fiction story


Humpback whales

Humpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean. This is because they can make impressive movements when they dive. The name “humpback”, which is the common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whale’s back forms as it dives.
Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement, known as a breach. During breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap. A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach.
A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head. It blows a double stream of water that can rise up to 4 meters above the water.
The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back. Other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the body length, and unique black, and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes. These markings are like fingerprints: no two are the same.
Humpback whales live in large groups. They communicate with each other through complex “songs”.
Quick Facts
Size:
14m~18m in length
30~50 tons in weight
Living environment:
Open ocean and shallow coastline waters
Migration:
From warm tropical (热带的) waters, where they breed, to cold polar waters, where they eat.
Diet:
Shellfish, plants and fish of small size
Hunting:
Sometimes in groups, in which several whales form a circle under the water, blowing bubbles that form a “net” around a school of fish. The fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass.
Current state:
Endangered: it is estimated that there are about 5000~7000 humpback whales worldwide.
 
【小题1】According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale ______.
A.cannot survive in waters near the shoreB.doesn’t live in the same waters all the time
C.lives mainly on underwater plantsD.prefers to work alone when hunting food
【小题2】To make a breach, a humpback whale must ______.
A.use its tail flukes to leap out of the waterB.twist its body sideways to jump high.
C.blow two streams of waterD.communicate with a group of humpbacks.
【小题3】From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ______.
A.has its unique markings on it tail flukesB.has black and white fingerprints
C.gets its name from the way it huntsD.is a great performer due to its songs

第Ⅱ卷(共35分)

第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题,每题1分,满分10分)

请认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文后71~80的空格里填上适当的单词。(每空1词)

A great life doesn’t happen by accident.A great life is the result of arranging wisely Your time,energy,thoughts,and hard work towards what you want your life to be.A great life is the result of using what you get in a creative and thoughtful way,instead of just what comes next.Make these”secrets”to fit your own needs and style,and start creating your own great life today!

Simplify.People don’t interpret what simplify means in a correct way.It’s not a way to remove work from your life.When you focus on simplifying your life,you free up energy and time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here.

Effort.Creating a great life requires that you make some adjustments.It may mean evaluating how you spend your time,or choosing to spend your money in a different way.It may mean looking for new ways to spend your energy.Life will reward your best effort.

Create priorities.It’s easy to spend your days just responding to the next thing that gets your attention,instead of intentionally using the time,energy and money you have in a way that’s important to you.Focus on getting rid of the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities.

Reserves.A great life is the result of having reserves--reserves of things,time,space,energy,money.Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences,and that allows you to make decisions that are based on what you really want instead of what the fear decides for you.

Eliminate distractions.Look around at someone’s life you admire.Ask them how they did it.Find ways to free up your mental energy for things that are more important to you.

Thoughts.A great life is the result of controlling your thoughts so that you accept and allow for the possibility that it actually can happen to you! People who have specific goals look for ways to achieve them.Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you meet with year after year is really important to creating a life that you love.

Start.There’s the old saying everyone’s familiar with”a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”There’s no better time to start than today.Today,right now,is the right day to start to take a step in the direction of your heart’s desires.It’s what you do TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow.

A brief

introduction

A great life doesn’t happen by 71 ____________

A great life 72 __________ from arranging wisely your time energy,thoughts and hard work towards what you want your life to be

A great life is the result of suing what you get in a creative and thoughtful way 73_______ than just what comes next

Seven 74

________to

a great life

When you focus on simplifying your life you 75______ energy and time to the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here

It is 76______ that you should make some adjustments in order to create a great life

Focus on 77______ the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities

Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences and that allows you to make decisions 78_________ on what you really want instead of what the fear decides for you

Fin ways to devote yourself to things that are more important to you

Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you 79_______ into year after year is really important to creating a life that you love

The old saying “ a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” is familiar 80_______ us all It’s what you do TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow

 

你将阅读的是一篇关于鲨鱼袭击的文章。有五处段落从文章中被取出了。请从A-F这六个选项中选出正确的选项填入空格中。选项中有一项是多余选项。

When I was eight, my parents, my younger brother, Stewart, and a girl called Margo Edwards, who was at school with us, went on holiday to Mozambique. One day, we took out a small rowing boat with an outboard motor on it, and went fishing on a lagoon at a place called San Martina.

1.

Suddenly, as if out of nowhere, there was this disturbance in the water. I remember at first everyone thought it was a dolphin, but it wasn't leaping in and out of the water, and before long we could see this grey fin moving purposefully towards us.

It then circled around our rowing boat, and I remember my father saying: 'Well, I think that's a shark . . .'

2.

My mother was screaming, and father was shouting obscenities at this thing, which he was to bash (痛击) back with one of the oars. I had never seen my parents in obvious terror before, and that's something which never leaves you.

3.

My mother clutched the three of us around her. I remember she had a navy blue robe, with huge starfishes and sunflowers on it, and us three kids gratefully huddled together inside it.

4.

As soon as we were in the fishing boat there was this almost hysterical laughter, and I remember feeling very cold, and being unable to stop trembling.

5.

We all talked about it continually, too, and probably made out we were far braver than we were. And there was lots of re-enactment(表演). I remember that we made mud pools. One of us would be crawling along, playing the shark, and the others screaming and shouting: 'Kill the shark'.

A.For the longest time this thing kept circling around us, and hitting our rowing boat, while Dad continued fighting it off, stabbing at it with his oar, which was probably the worst thing to have done because it must have made the beast even angrier than it already was.

B.Our story went back to the town. It spread like wildfire. Everybody knew about it, and people talked about it endlessly. My father was regarded as a bit of a hero: Dad the sharkbasher. If he'd caught the thing, then I suppose he would have been completely heroic.

C.The shark became a legend in the town and there were many local fishermen who claimed to have seen it moving around the bay. But despite all the stories of sightings, nobody ever managed to catch the thing.

D.It was early evening when the motor stopped, and we were stranded (搁浅). We started to shout in the hope that somebody would hear us; we knew the sound could travel because of the water being very flat and calm.

E. Eventually, people in a fishing boat heard us screaming, and came alongside, and a fisherman tied our boat up to his. He was very careful, or he seemed to be, and he and my father handed first us kids, and then mother, through to his boat, and our rowing boat was towed behind.

F. This monster started bashing our boat, which began rocking from side to side. We were just terrified because the boat was by now rocking so much we thought we were going to be tipped into the water and bitten up by this thing. I remember assuming that we were going to die.

 

请认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文后71~80的空格里填上适当的单词。(每空1词)

 A great life doesn’t happen by accident.A great life is the result of arranging wisely Your time,energy,thoughts,and hard work towards what you want your life to be.A great life is the result of using what you get in a creative and thoughtful way,instead of just what comes next.Make these”secrets”to fit your own needs and style,and start creating your own great life today!

    Simplify.People don’t interpret what simplify means in a correct way.It’s not a way to

remove work from your life.When you focus on simplifying your life,you free up energy and

time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here.

  Effort.Creating a great life requires that you make some adjustments.It may mean

re.evaluating how you spend your time,or choosing to spend your money in a different way.

It may mean looking for new ways to spend your energy.Life will reward your best effort.

  Create priorities.It’s easy to spend your days just responding to the next thing that gets

your attention,instead of intentionally using the time,energy and money you have in a way

that’s important to you.Focus on getting rid of the obstacles that get in the way of you making

sure you are honoring your priorities.

  Reserves.A great life is the result of having reserves--reserves of things,time,space,

energy,money.Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences,and that

allows you to make decisions that are based on what you really want instead of what the fear

decides for you.

  Eliminate distractions.Look around at someone’s life you admire.Ask them how they did

it.Find ways to free up your mental energy for things that are more important to you.

  Thoughts.A great life is the result of controlling your thoughts so that you accept and

allow for the possibility that it actually can happen to you! People who have specific goals

look for ways to achieve them.Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you

meet with year after year is really important to creating a life that you love.

    Start.There’s the old saying everyone’s familiar with”a journey of a thousand miles

begins with a single step.”There’s no better time to start than today.Today,right now,is the

right day to start to take a step in the direction of your heart’s desires.It’s what you do

TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow.

A brief

introduction

A great life doesn’t happen by 71 ____________

A great life 72 __________ from arranging wisely your time energy,thoughts and hard work towards what you want your life to be

A great life is the result of suing what you get in a creative and thoughtful way 73_______ than just what comes next

Seven 74

________to

a great life

When you focus on simplifying your life you 75______ energy and time to the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here

It is 76______ that you should make some adjustments in order to create a great life

Focus on 77______ the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities

Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences and that allows you to make decisions 78_________ on what you really want instead of what the fear decides for you

Fin ways to devote yourself to things that are more important to you

Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you 79_______ into year after year is really important to creating a life that you love

The old saying “ a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” is familiar 80_______ us all It’s what you do TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow

 

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