题目内容
Success is often measured by the ability to overcome adversity（逆境）. But it is often the belief of others that gives us the courage（勇气）to try.
J. K. Rowling, author of the Harry Potter book series, began writing at age 6. Her good friend-Sean became the first person to encourage her and help her build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer.
“He was the first person with whom I really discussed my serious ambition（志向） to be a writer. He was also the only person who thought I was bound to（注定）be a success at it, which meant much more to me than I ever told him at the time.”
Though there were many difficulties, Rowling continued her writing, particularly fantasy stories. But it wasn't until l990 that she first came up with the idea about Harry Potter. As she recalls（回忆）, it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that “the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head. To my great disappointment, I didn't have a pen with me, and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one. I think, now, that this was probably a good thing, because I simply sat and thought, for four (delayed train) hours, and all the details came up in my brain, and this thin, black-haired, bespectacled（戴眼镜的）boy who didn't know he was a wizard became more and more real to me.”
That same year, her mother died after a ten-year fight with serious diseases, which deeply affected her writing. She went on to marry and had a daughter, but separated from her husband shortly afterwards.
During this time, Rowling was diagnosed with depression（诊断患有抑郁症）. Unemployed, she finished her first novel in area cafes, where she could get her daughter to fall asleep. After being refused by l2 publishing houses, the first Harry Potter novel was sold to a small British publishing house.
Now with seven books that have sold nearly 400 million copies in 64 languages, J. K. Rowling is the highest earning novelist in history. And it all began with her friend’s encouragement as well as her ambition to write.
【小题1】 Who believed J. K. Rowling was to be a good writer?
| A．Her friend Sean. | B．Her mother. |
| C．Her daughter. | D．Her husband. |
| A．at the age of 6 | B．on a train journey |
| C．after her mother's death | D．in her secondary school |
| A．her train was delayed for four hours |
| B．she didn't have a pen with her |
| C．her mind suddenly went blank |
| D．no one would offer her help |
| A．open-minded | B．warm-hearted |
| C．good-natured | D．strong-willed |
| A．adversity makes a good novelist |
| B．the courage to try is a special ability |
| C．you can have a wonderful idea everywhere |
| D．encouragement helps one succeed |
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【小题5】D
解析试题分析：这篇文章通过哈利·波特的作者罗琳的故事，告诉我们朋友的鼓励对我们的成功有着非常大的作用。
【小题1】细节题。根据文章Her good friend-Sean became the first person to encourage her and help her build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer.她的朋友肖恩是第一个鼓励她的人，帮助她相信自己总有一天会成为一名好作家。故选A
【小题2】细节题。根据文章it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that “the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head.第一次大脑里出现哈利·波特的想法是在从伦敦到曼彻斯特的火车上。故选B
【小题3】细节题。根据文章To my great disappointment, I didn't have a pen with me, and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one.令她失望的是，她随身没有带笔，而且由于太害羞了，也没有向其他人借。故选B
【小题4】推断题。根据文章第四、五段大意：在罗琳妈妈的去世和离婚的情况下，罗琳被诊断为患有抑郁症并且失业了，但是，她仍然很坚强的在咖啡馆里完成了她的第一部小说，在遭遇了很多拒绝之后，最终卖给了一个小出版社，可知，罗琳是一个非常坚强的人。故选D
【小题5】主旨题。这篇文章通过罗琳的故事告诉我们他人的鼓励对我们的成功有着很重要的作用。故选D
考点：人物传记类议论文
点评：此类文体把握作者叙述的主角。对于此类文章，学生把握好每一段的第一句话，理解每一段的中心,以此为出发点,答题中把握好作者从所叙述事情中引申出的真实思想感情，结合问题中所给的信息同时利用排除法即可作答。
综合自测系列答案If I have to choose three critical factors in achieving success in my career,
these would be my choices—belief, action and discipline.
Belief
In order to achieve success in your career, you have to first believe. You need to believe that you can achieve it. You need to have faith in your goals and your path to success. Once your mind is convinced that you can do it, everything is possible. Belief is the “mind and heart” part of the three critical success factors.
Action
Nothing moves until you do something. Believing alone is not going to achieve anything. It must be followed up with concrete action. Your plan for career success is nothing unless you act upon it wholeheartedly. When you act upon what you believe, there is focus. And there is energy. That energy propels (drive forward) you to greater heights. Action is the “hands and legs” part of the three critical success factors.
Discipline（自制力）
Action in itself is not enough to increase the chances of success. But disciplined action woul
d do that. One of the main reasons why people fail is that there is no discipline in their action. They give themselves excuses when they cannot consistently go ahead with their plans. You need some form of sacrifice（牺牲）if you want to achieve success in your career. That sacrifice takes discipline. Discipline also ensures that you can be persistent（坚持的）, especially when you’re faced with challenges after challenges in your journey to success. Discipline is the “untiring, determined hands and legs” part of the three critical success factors.
When what you think, feel and do become one, there is nothing that can stop you from achieving career success
| Topic | How can you 1___________in your career? | |
| 2________. | Belief | 1. You need to feel 3________. About your goals and your path to success. 2. Once you are convinced that you can do it, nothing is 4________ . |
| Action | 1. You must act on your plan for career success5__________ and soul. 2. You must devote all your 6 ______________so that you can reach greater heights. | |
| Discipline | 1. It means that you must7______________yourself. 2. You need to 8______________ something when you gain something. 3. You must be persistent when you are faced with9 ________________. | |
| 10________ | If you combine all the three factors, you are sure to achieve career success. | |
Knowing about yourself not only means finding out what you’re good at and what you like，but also means discovering what you’re not good at and what you don’t like．Both help you to see your aim in life．
Although most students would be unhappy if they failed a very difficult physics examination，they have in fact learned a lot about themselves．They know that they should not become engineers or physical scientists．So failing can help a student to live a happier life if he learns something from it．They may then decide on their aims and choose the work they like and are fit for．
It is impossible to decide whether you like something until you have tried it．If you decide to play the piano，you need to take more than one lesson before knowing whether you are really interested in it or able to do well．It is not enough if you want to be a great pianist．You also have to like the hard practice and long training．If you enjoy being a great pianist but hate the work，forget it．
It’s a good plan to try as many ideas as possible when you are young．Then you will find out what your true interests are．
【小题1】If you say you really know yourself， ．
| A．you know what you don’t like |
| B．you know what you are good at |
C．you have no interest in y our work |
| D．you’ve got the whole picture of yourself |
| A．if you have aim in life | B．if your decision is fight |
| C．if you lead a happier life | D．if you learn something from it |
| A．Failure is a better mirror |
B．Success is more  helpful |
| C．No one is fit for the job of a physical scientist |
| D．Physics can help students live a better life |
