题目内容

Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of friends? Either way, your genes and evolution may play a major 1 , US researchers reported on Monday.
While it may come as no surprise that genes may help explain  2  some people have many friends and others have  3  , the researchers said, their findings go just a little farther than that.
"Some of the things we find are 4   uncommon," said Nicholas Christakis of Harvard University in Massachusetts, who helped  5 the study.
"We find that how interconnected your friends are  6   on your genes. Some people have four friends who know each other and some people have four friends who don't 7 each other.  8     Dick and Harry know each other depends on Tom's  9    ," Christakis said in a telephone interview.
Christakis and colleague James Fowler of the University of California San Diego are  10    known for their studies that show obesity, smoking and happiness spread in networks.
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that  11  more than 1,000 identical(同卵的) and fraternal(异卵的) twins’ genes. Because  12  share an environment, these studies are good for showing the impact that genes have 13  various things, because identical twins 14  all their genes while fraternal twins share just half.
"We found there appears to be a genetic tendency to introduce your friends 15  each other," Christakis said.
There could be good, evolutionary reasons 16  this. People in the middle of a social network could be secret to useful gossip,  17  the location of food or good investment choices.
But they would also be at risk of catching effects from all sides -- in which case the advantage would 18  more cautious social behavior, they wrote in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"It may be that natural selection is  19 not just things like whether or not we can resist the common cold, but also who it is that we are going to come into  20   with," Fowler said in a statement.
(    ) 1. A. role                 B. rule           C. roll                  D. pole
(    ) 2. A. where              B. why          C. when                D. how
(   ) 3. A. a few                      B. several      C. few                  D. some
(    ) 4. A. generally          B. mainly      C. mostly              D. frankly
(    ) 5. A. conduct            B. introduce   C. conflict            D. instruct
(    ) 6. A. depends            B. bases         C. take                 D. put
(    ) 7. A. see                   B. inspect      C. learn                D. know
(    ) 8. A. When               B. Where       C. What                D. Whether
(    ) 9. A. genes                      B. brains        C. appearances      D. figures
(   ) 10. A. much             B. best           C. very                 D. least
(   ) 11. A. recorded         B. illustrated C. described          D. compared
(   ) 12. A. brothers          B. sisters        C. twins                D. cousins
(   ) 13. A. with                      B. on             C. for                   D. to
(   ) 14. A. share              B. have          C. own                 D. show
(   ) 15. A. into                B. to             C. in                    D. from
(    ) 16. A. for                 B. with          C. to                    D. at
(    ) 17. A. in addition to B. due to       C. as for                      D. such as
(   ) 18. A. lie on             B. bring in     C. lie in                D. send in
(    ) 19. A. acting on               B. putting on C. relying on         D. sending on
(    ) 20. A. contract          B. face          C. join                  D. contact
1-20 ABCDA ADDAB DCBAB ADCAD
本文说明的是一个人的朋友的多寡取决于他的基因。做本完形填空的时候,我们要把生活中的实际情况和文章中作者的思路相结合。
1. A你的基因及进化过程可能在这一问题上起着重要的作用(也就是A项)。BCD三项依次分别表示的意思是:规则,卷,棒杆,语意上都不适合。
2. B研究人员称,用基因解释为什么(也即是:why)有些人朋友众多而有些人却寡朋少友其实并不新鲜。ACD项依次表示:在哪儿,在什么时候,哪一个,语意和逻辑上与语境不符。
3. C根据上一题的分析,此空应表示“没有”之意,即是:few,ABD三项都表的确“有”。
4. D研究人员这儿是说他们发现的一些现象的确很奇怪。“的确”就是“确实”,就是“说实话”,也即是“坦诚地”(frankly),ABC三项依次分别表示:大体上地,主要地,大部分地,这些都不和语意相契合。
5. A来自马萨诸塞州哈佛大学的Nicholas Christakis协助开展该研究。这里的“开展”研究,就是“做”研究,A项的conduct:做,实施,非常合适,而BCD三项的意思依次是:介绍,冲突,生产。
6. A我们发现一个人朋友之间的亲密程度取决于这个人的基因,“取决于”: depends。 BCD各项加上on之后的意思是:基础是,呈现,穿上,都不能和语境契合。
7. D结合语境:有的人有四个朋友而且互相认识;而有的人有四个朋友,但他们却素不相识(即是know)。ABC三项分别表示:看到,检查,学会。
8. D迪克和哈利是否(就是whether)互相认识是取决于汤姆的基因。ABC三项中的“何时,何地,什么”都与逻辑不搭配。
9. A由上面的分析我们得知全文都是讲的“基因”,故这儿就填A项genes(gene的复数形式),而不是BCD三项分别依次表示的意思:大脑,外貌,形象。
10.B Christakis和他的同事、来自加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的James Fowler此前以研究肥胖、吸烟以及快乐会在朋友之间传播而十分著名,可以确定CD两项错,因为它们表是否定含义:较不,最不;而这里有没有和那些人“比起来”之意,所以A项的better也错了。这里只是用形容词的最高级形式表示“很,非常,极其”来修饰known(出名)。故B项正确。
11.D Christopher Dawes of UCSD使用了一项全国性数据,这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。因为是数据(data)所以最令人迷惑的是A项recorded(记录),但是是两类基因,所以比较合理的逻辑应该是compared(比较)。BC两项所表示的意思分别依次是:举例证明,形容描绘,与上面的语境不契合。
12.C由于双胞胎生活在同一个环境,而且同卵双胞胎的基因完全相同,而异卵双胞胎有一半的基因相同,所以这些研究有助于发现基因对人各个方面的影响。再加上上文就说是“双胞胎”(twins)。ABD项的意思以此事:兄弟,姐妹,堂兄妹,都不合乎语境。
13.B 由上一题的解析我们知道:that genes have 13 various things,是定语从句修饰impact(影响),而have an impact on是个固定词组,意思是:对……有影响。ACD依次表示:和,为了,对于,它们都与impact不搭配。
14.A由第12题的分析我们得知此空填上表示“有完全相同”的基因,这四个词中表示这个意思的只有share(分享,共同拥有)和这个语境相吻合,其余BCD三项表示的:有,拥有,说明之意都不合乎逻辑。
15.B我们发现人们在介绍朋友互相认识时有一个基因倾向性。“介绍朋友互相认识”用英语表示就是introduce……to……,也就是B项。Introduce与into, in, from都不是合理的搭配。
16.A这种倾向性可以用合理的、进化方面的原因来解释。这儿是表示“…的原因”,也就是英语中用“reason for”来表示,而不是with, to, at。
17.D处于社交圈中的人们可能会对一些有用信息的保密,比如哪些地方有吃的,或者好的投资选择等等,这里是举例,也即是D项such as……例如,A项表示:还有,B项是:因为,C项:对于,与语境都不能合理的吻合。
18.C好处只有存在于社交活动谨慎的人中,表示“存在于”之意的动词短语,即是:C项:lie in,ABD三项分别表示:坚持,引进,派人去请。无论意义还是逻辑上都不合适。
19.A可能自然选择对我们接触什么样的人也有影响。”我们得知此空要填上表示“有影响”之意的动词短语,就是act on,acting只不过是现在分词形式。BCD三项各自表示:穿上,依赖,(向前)传递或转发,和上面的语境不相契合。
20.D由上一题的语境我们知道,此空需要填上表示“接触联系”之意的名词,也即是D项:contact,其余BCD三项虽然都和with搭配,但都不是“接触联系”之意,它们分别依次表示:订合同,面对,连接。
练习册系列答案
相关题目
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21~40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
The books in David’s schoolbag felt like bricks as he ran down the street.What he wanted to do was to play basketball with Eric.   21   his mother told him he would have to return his sister’s books to the library first.
He had   22   set foot in a library and he wasn’t about to do so today.He would just  23  
the books in the outside return box.But there was a   24  ;it was locked.
He went into the building,only a few minutes   25   closing time.He put the books into the return box.And after a brief   26   in the toilet,he would be on his way to the playground to   27   Eric.
David stepped out of the toilet and stopped in   28  —the library lights were off.The place was   29  .The doors had been shut.They   30   be opened from the inside.He was trapped(被困)—in a library!
He tried to   31   a telephone call,but was unable to   32  .What’s worse,the pay phones were on the outside of the building.  33    the sun began to set,he searched for a light and found it.
   34   he could see.David wrote on a piece of paper:“    35   !I’m TRAPPED inside!”and stuck it to the glass door.   36  ,someone passing by would see it.
He was surprised to discover that this place was not so unpleasant,   37  .Rows and rows of shelves held books,videos and music.He saw a book about Michael Jordan and took it off the shelf.He settled into a chair and started to   38  .
He knew he had to   39  ,but now,that didn’t seem to be such a   40   thing.
21.A.but                       B.because                     C.or                             D.since
22.A.ever                            B.nearly                       C.never                        D.often
23.A.pass                            B.drop                         C.carry                        D.take
24.A.problem               B.mistake                     C.case                          D.question
25.A.during                  B.after                         C.over                          D.before
26.A.rest                      B.break                        C.walk                         D.stop
27.A.visit                            B.meet                         C.catch                         D.greet
28.A.delight                 B.anger                        C.surprise                     D.eagerness
29.A.lonely                  B.empty                       C.noisy                        D.crowded
30.A.wouldn’t                     B.shouldn’t                   C.couldn’t                    D.needn’t
31.A.make                    B.fix                            C.use                           D.pick
32.A.get on                  B.get up                       C.get through                D.get in
33.A.If                         B.As                            C.Though                     D.Until
34.A.On time                                                   B.Now and then
C.By the way                                                  D.At last
35.A.Come                   B.Help                         C.Hello                        D.Sorry
36.A.Surely                  B.Thankfully                C.Truly                        D.Gradually
37.A.at most                 B.after all                            C.in short                            D.as usual
38.A.watch                   B.play                          C.read                          D.write
39.A.wait                            B.stand                         C.sleep                         D.work
40.A.bad                     B.cool                          C.strange                      D.nice

As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping (录像) the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is.”
The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are it’s the middle child.” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event.”
66.The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to _________.
A.show the relationship between parents and children
B.teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table
C.report on the findings of a study
D.give information about family problems
67.Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because ____________.
A.they are busy serving food to their children
B.they are busy keeping order at the dinner table
C.they have to pay more attention to younger children
D.they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family
68.By saying “Middle children are invisible” in Paragraph 3, Lewis means that middle children _________.
A.have to help their parents to serve dinner
B.get the least attention from the family
C.are often kept away from the dinner table
D.find it hard to keep up with other children
69.Lewis’ research provides an answer to the question _________.
A.why TV is important in family life
B.why parents should keep good order
C.why children in small families seem to be quieter
D.why middle children seem to have more difficulties in life
70.Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
A.It is important to have the right food for children.
B.It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner.
C.Parents should talk to each of their children frequently.
D.Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
  1  Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.
●  Location (位置)
  2  Kitchen and dining room are not so well suite for regular study. since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at band without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.
●  Keeping Things in Order
Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect 
  3  The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.
●   4   Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way.  5  Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family
A.Attitude Is Everything.
B.Bring Organization into Your Home.
C.Here are several ways to choose a location.
D.Building a Good Home Learning Environment.
E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.
F. Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.
G. A child who learns to organize his spare will carry organization into every corner of his life.
My father often works very hard. And he has  1 to see a film. Here I’ll tell you   2  about
One afternoon, when he finished his work and   3  go home, he found a film ticket under the  on his desk. He thought he   5  to have not much work to do that day and   6  was quite wonderful to pass the   7  at the cinemA. So he came back home and   8  finished his supper. Then he said   9  to us and left.
But to our   10  , he came back about half an hour later, I   11  him what was the matter. He smiled and told us about   12  funny thing that had happened at the cinema.
When my father was sitting in his seat, a   13  came to my father’s and said that the seat was  14  . My father was surpriseD. He took out the ticket   15  looked at it carefully. It was Row17,   16  . And then he looked at the seat. It was the same. So he asked her    17   her ticket. She took out the ticket at once and the seat shown in it was Row 17, Seat 3.
18   ? What’s the matter with all this? While they were wondering suddenly the woman said, “The   19   of the tickets are different.” So they looked at the ticket more carefully. After a while, my father said, “Oh,   20  , I made a mistake. My ticket is for the film a month ago. Take this seat, please.” With these words, he left the cinema.
1. A. little money             B. much money        C. little time              D. much time
2. A. a funny story           B. a good story        C. an old story           D. a strange story
3. A. was to                     B. was about to        C. had to                   D. ought
4. A. box                         B. book                   C. glass                     D. paper
5. A. happened                 B. liked                   C. pretended               D. wanted
6. A. it                             B. this                     C. that                        D. which
7. A. morning                  B. afternoon            C. day                        D. evening
8. A. early                       B. quietly                C. quickly                  D. suddenly
9. A. hello                       B. good-bye             C. good evening         D. good night
10. A. disappointment     B. joy                    C. sorrow                   D. surprise
11. A. asked                     B. explained            C. told                       D. wanted
12. A. a                           B. one                     C. some                     D. the
13. A. man                      B. woman                C. doctor                   D. nurse
14. A. hers                       B. his                      C. taken                     D. wrong
15. A. and                       B. but                     C. or                         D. so
16. A. Seat1                     B. Seat2                  C. Seat3                    D. Seat4
17. A. it bring                  B. to get                  C. to see                    D. to show
18. A. Why                      B. How                   C. When                    D. where
19. A. designs                  B. colors                 C. prices                     D. owners
20. A. I’m sad                  B. I’m sorry            C. I’m wrong             D. I’m worried
After years of hearing drivers complain about scratches on their cars, Japan’s Nissan Motor Company has officially announced the next big thing— a paint that not only resists scratches and scrapes, but actually repairs itself within a few days.
The new material, developed by Nippon Paint Company, contains an elastic rubbery-like resin (弹性树脂) that is able to heal minor marks caused by car wash equipment, parking lot encounters, road debris (石头碎片) or even on-purpose destruction.
The automaker admits its results vary depending on the temperature and the depth of the damage, but adds this is the only paint like it in the world, and tests prove it works.
Minor scratches, the most common type, are said to slowly fade over about a week. And once they’re gone, there is no trace that they were ever there.
The special paint is said to last for at least three years after it is first applied, but there is no word yet on whether more can be added after that period.
Nissan claims car washes are the worst offenders for this type of damage, accounting for at least 80 percent of all incidents.
But the complete auto-healing won’t come without scratching your wallet. The vehicle maker notes the special paint adds about $100 US to the price of a car.
It plans to use its new chemical mixture only on its X-Trail SUVs in Japan for now, as it looks for a more widespread presentation. And while plans to offer the feature overseas haven’t been made yet, if it’s a hit there, you can be almost sure market forces will drive it to these shores, as well.
小题1:From the article, we can find that _________.
A.the paint has already been used on cars by now
B.it beats other products of its kind in its lengthy effect
C.car damage is mainly caused by scratches and scrapes
D.marketing this paint in Europe is not under way
小题2:The paint used on cars can _________.
A.last 3 years before it is reapplied again
B.fade only in a few days
C.help to protect minor paint damage
D.reduce car scrape incidents to 20 percent
小题3:What does the underlined part refer to?
A.certain models of NissanB.name for one kind of paint
C.somewhere in JapanD.a word standing for a car-dealer store
小题4:What can be inferred from the article?
A.The paint was developed by Nissan Motor Company.
B.The paint might work better in summer than in winter.
C.The mark on the car could disappear as soon as the pain is applied.
D.The paint is very popular in Japan.
Jungle country is not friendly to man, but it is possible to survive there. You must have the right equipment and you must know a few important things about woodcraft. Then your chances of staying alive are very good.
No one should go into the jungle without the right equipment. You need light weight clothing, a good knife, and a compass. Fishhooks and a line, a rifle, matches in a waterproof container and a poncho are necessary too. So is a mosquito net to protect the head.
In the jungle you can get hopeless lost within five minutes after leaving a known landmark. That is why you should always carry a compass. In open country, during the day, you can tell which way o go by studying the sun. At night the stars are sure guides o direction. But in most places the jungle rooftop is so thick that it is impossible to see the sun or the stars. Again and again you must check your position by the compass.
Keep alert. Watch the ground in front of you carefully. Stop and listen now and again. Avoid haste, and rest often. In a place that is hot and humid, the person who sets a fast pace will soon become tired. A steady, even pace is wisest in the long run.  
If you lose your way, don’t panic. Try to desire how long it has been since you were sure of your position. Mark the spot where you are with blazes on a tree. Put them on four sides of the tree, so that you will be able to see them from any direction. Then you can begin retracing your steps, knowing that you can always find the spot from which you started. Except in an emergency, never try to travel through the jungle at night.
Whenever possible, it is wise to follow streams and rivers that are going in your general direction. This may cause you many extra miles of travel. But in the end it will save time and energy. Nothing is more exhausting than hacking a trail cross-through umbrella jungle.
If a river is broad and deep and has no rapids, rafting is the best means of travel. Bamboo grows along the banks of many jungle streams. Since it is hollow and extremely strong, it makes a perfect raft.
Surviving in the jungle is a science. The jungle people have become perfect in this science, and you can too. Learn as much as you can about what to expect in the jungle. Make sure you have the right equipment. Then no part of the jungle will be able to “live off” it for a long time.
小题1: The author probably advises against traveling at night because ________.
one tends to move too slowly at night
some animals will attack you
emergencies occur most frequently at night
it is more difficult to check your position
小题2:Following streams and rivers will help you to ________.
avoid animal’s attacks
save many extra miles of travel
avoid crossing unbroken stretches of jungle
have a constant source of drinking water  
小题3:The word “blazes” in Paragraph 5 means _________.
A.marks where bark (树皮) is removedB.light-colored spots
C.bursts of flameD.sides of knife
The first thing to remember about homework is that it needs to be done as soon as you get home from school. Since many parents do not give doses to help you sleep at night, the homework MUST be done first. If you have after-school activities, the homework should be done as soon as you get home. It is fine to allow for a snack break and also to allow for stretching breaks. Every kid of you really needs these little breaks.
Also, you should remember that it is your responsibility to do your homework. Next time you tend to depend on Mom and Dad for a roadmap, please try to struggle with it first, because it is good for you.
When you have questions, especially something about a science or a math problem, don’t always turn to your teacher! It is a good idea to struggle with them first and try to work them out. Sometimes, if this doesn’t work, look at the materials in the back of the book. They may guide you to pages and and understanding everything completely.
At last, while doing homework, don’t be looking away but continue working. Setting time limits often helps with this. Different ages decide different fair amounts of time. 10-15minutes is good for a child that’s age 6-8. A time of 20-30 minutes is about right for a child aged 9-12. Kids can achieve 30-45 minute intervals of study at age 13-15. This, of course, depends on your abilities to concentrate and stay on task.
60. The passage mainly tells children ________.
A. to do their homework quickly and properly
B. to limit their time of doing homework
C. not to turn to teachers when doing homework
D. not to look away while doing homework
61 Which of the following may have the same meaning as “struggle with them”?
A. fight against them         B. study them carefully
C. break away from them      D. show great interest in them
62. If you are a girl aged 14, the proper length of the homework time should be________.
A. 14 minutes    B. 25 minutes    C. 35 minutes     D. 50 minutes
63. The author seems to think ________.
A. children should finish their homework at school
B. parents had better help children with their homework
C. doing homework all alone is more important
D. homework in science needs more time

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网