题目内容

Happy _____ they were, there was something missing.

A.if                           B.when                 C.since                  D.as

D

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Everyone knows that the French are romantic, the Italian are fashionable and the Germans are serious. Or do they? Are these just stereotypes or is there really such a thing as national character? And if there is, can it affect how a nation succeed or fail?
At least one group of people is certain that it can. A recent survey of the top 500 entrepreneurs (实业家) in the UK found that 70 percent felt that their efforts were not appreciated by the British public .
Britain is hostile to success, they said. It has a culture of jealousy (嫉妒) . As a result, the survey said, entrepreneurs were “unloved, unwanted and misunderstood”. Jealousy is sometimes known as the “green-eyed monster” and the UK is its home. Scientists at Warwich University in the UK recently tested this idea. They gathered a group of people together and gave each an imaginary amount of money. Some were given a little, others a great deal. Those given a little money were given the chance to destroy the large amounts of money given to others—but at the cost of losing their own. Two thirds of the people tested agreed to do this.
This seems to prove the entrepreneurs were right to complain. But there is also conflicting evidence. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) recently reported that the UK was now the world’s fourth largest economy .That is not bad for people who are supposed to hate success. People in the UK also work longer hours than anyone else in Europe. So the British people are not lazy , either .
“It’s not really success that the British dislike,” says Carey Cooper, a Professor of management at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology. “It’s people using their success in a way that seems arrogant (傲慢) or unfair or which separates them from their roots .”
Perhaps it is the entrepreneurs who are the problem. They set out to do things in their way. They work long hours. By their own efforts they become millionaires. But instead of being happy they complain that nobody loves them. It hardly seems worth following their example. If they were more friendly, people would like them more. And more people want to be like them.
【小题1】What does the underlined “it” in the second paragraph refer to?

A．One group of people B．A great survey
C．National character D．A nation
【小题2】Most entrepreneurs surveyed believe that         
A．they are not popular simply because they are successful
B．the British public are hardworking
C．love of success is Britain’s national character
D．they are considered as “green-eyed monsters”
【小题3】What does the result of the Warwich University test show?
A．Two thirds of the people tested didn’t love money
B．Most people would rather fail than see others succeed
C．An imaginary amount of money does not attract people
D．Most people are willing to enjoy success with others
【小题4】The writer of the passage seems to suggest that         .
A．Jealousy is Britain’s national character
B．British entrepreneurs are not fairly treated
C．the scientists are Warwich University did a successful test
D．the British dislike the entrepreneurs because they do not behave properly

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
“Happiness Advantage” Effect
In July 2010 Burt’s Bees, a personal-care products company, was going through enormous change as it began a global expansion into 19 new countries. In this kind of high-pressure situation, many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings or flood their in-boxes with urgent demands. In doing so, managers lift everyone’s anxiety level, which activates the part of the brain that processes threats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex ( 大脑皮层), which is responsible for effective problem solving.
Burt’s Bees’s then-CEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach. Each day, he’d send out an e-mail praising a team member for work related to global marketing. He’d interrupt his own presentations to remind his managers to talk with their teams about the company’s values. He asked me to further a three-hour session with employees on happiness in the course of the expansion effort. As one member of the senior team told me a year later, Wolfgang’s emphasis on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one.
That outcome shouldn’t surprise us. Research shows that when people work with a positive mind-set (思维模式), performance on nearly every level—productivity, creativity, involvement— improves. Yet happiness is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. For one, most people believe that success comes before happiness. “Once I get a promotion, I’ll be happy,” they think. Or, “Once I hit my sales target, I’ll feel great. ”But because success is a moving target—as soon as you hit your target, you raise it again—the happiness that results from success does not last long.
In fact, it works the other way around: People who have a positive mind-set perform better in the face of challenge. I call this the “ happiness advantage”—every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is positive. I’ve observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48 countries on the connection between employee happiness and success. And I’m not alone: In an analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers found strong evidence of cause-and-effect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes.
Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two determines how happy we are. To be sure, both factors have an impact. But one’s general sense of well-being is surprisingly unstable. The habits you form, the way you interact with colleagues, how you think about stress—all these can be managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success.

Israel has passed a law banning the use of underweight models in advertising. Known as the “Photoshop Law”, it also requires that agencies tell their audience if they’ve digitally changed pictures to make models look thinner.

The new law forbids the use of models with a body mass index of 18.5 or less, a standard based on internationally accepted measures. The figure matches the set of fixed limits by the U. S. Department of Health.

The law doesn’t set a money amount that can be gained in court from such a suit. Lawmakers realize that it may be a long and difficult process to prove in court that a company broke the new law, but they feel that simply having the law in place will accomplish what they want; stopping advertising companies from continuing to influence Israelis with images of unhealthy-looking models as the gold standard of beauty.

Some modeling agencies in Israel aren’t happy. They say that the indexes on which the law is based are arbitrary (任意的)and are not suitable for every model. Many models who are totally healthy girls might be disqualified because of the law. Some models are naturally thin and unable to gain weight and the new law would unfairly prevent them from finding jobs.

However, plus-size American supermodel Emme told CNN that she thinks the law will cause other countries to make similar measures against showing underweight models. “I think this is fantastic because so many young women and men are suffering to look in a way that is unrealistic and unhealthy,” she said.

1.What is “Photoshop Law” about?

A. Banning the use of underweight models.

B. Banning underweight models in advertising.

C. Banning changing pictures digitally.

D. Banning models in advertising.

2.The underlined word “suit” in Paragraph 3 means           .

A . a set of clothing

B. a group of rooms

C. an action in court

D. a performance in advertising

3.What can we know from the passage?

A. All models are happy about the law.

B. All advertising agencies are happy about the law.

C. The law makes no sense.

D. There are arguments over the beauty standard of models.

 

下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

      2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

例如：

It was very nice to get your invitation to spend ∧ weekend with you. Luckily I was

                                                the                        am

completely free then, so I’ll to  say “yes”. I’ll arrive in Bristol at around 8p.m. in Friday

                                                                on

evening.

Sport is necessary for everyone. It help you keep fit. Fitness is important if you want to be healthy throughout yours life. The best way to keep fit is to get plenty exercise by doing sport. According to scientists, doing sport can benefit to people a lot mentally as well as physically. The more sport they do, the happy they will feel. Besides, sport can help people develop will and determination. These qualities help people achieve their goals so they will not give up so easily when faced difficulties. What's more, sport builds team’s spirit, which is good for the whole society. It helps people work close and smoothly and think about others, not just themselves. As conclusion, sport is good for your health and happiness, and for society. 

 

 

    A new enemy is threatening Japanese traditions: leisure（闲暇）. As part of its attempt to increase imports, the government is trying to get people to work less and spend more. The workers are disgusted.

The figures support the western prejudice（偏见） that the Japanese are all work and no play. Trying to force workers away from their desks and machines, the government said last April that the country should cut down from its 2,100 hours average work year to 1,899 hours and a five-day week by 1992. Beginning in February, banks and stock markets will be closed on Saturdays, staff of civil service will be forced out of their offices two Saturdays a month. The government hopes that others will follow that practice.

But some persuasion will be needed. Small companies are very angry about it and they fear competitors may not cut hours. The unions are no happier: they have even advertised in newspapers arguing their case against the foreign pressure that is forcing leisure upon them. They say that shorter hours are a disguised（隐性的） pay cut. The industrialists, who have no objection to the government’s plans, admit that shorter hours will help them cut costs. Younger Japanese who are supposed to be acting against their hard-working parents, show no sign of wanting time off, either. But unlike older workers, they do spend money in their spare time. Not content with watching television, they dance, dress up, sit in cafes, go to pop concerts and generally drive the leisure-industry boom. Now that they know how to consume, maybe the West can teach them to relax and enjoy themselves, too.

1．The purpose of getting the Japanese to have more spare time is that ______________.

         A．the government wants to show more concern for the health of the people

         B．the government needs to get more goods from abroad

         C．the Japanese have been working too hard

         D．the Japanese hope to change the western prejudice

2．The group of people who welcome the shorter-hour system in Japan is______________.

         A．the small companies B．the industrialists

         C．the unions          D．the younger generation

3．The unions think that______________.

         A．the shorter hours they work, the higher pay the can get

         B．the more they work, the less leisure they can enjoy

         C．the shorter hours they work, the less pay they can have

         D．the greater pressure the government is forcing on them, the less happy they can be

4．The best title for this passage can be ______________

         A．Oh no! Not Saturday Again!      B．Leisure: the Greatest Threat!

         C．Enjoy While You are Young!       D．Less Work and More Play!

 

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