A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December.A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December.

A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought. Kristin Miller, a doctoral student at the University of Washington, said chances of getting the disease were related to not only which city a woman lived in, but also where in the city. The study found that the effects of air pollution were often larger within cities than between cities.

The new findings make experts suspect that current pollution limits may be inadequate. Scientists examined rates of heart attack, stroke (中风) and other cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events in women with long-term exposure to air pollution.

The study involved women over the age of fifty who had no sign of cardiovascular disease at the start of the research. The study followed the women for as long as nine years to see how they would develop cardiovascular problems.

The researchers also examined levels of fine particles (粒子，微粒) in the air in 36 areas across the country. That information came from the Environmental Protection Agency. The extremely small particles came from industrial smoke and traffic, along with things like wood-burning fireplaces in houses.

In the study, every ten-microgram increase in the risk of a cardiovascular event. But it was related to a seventy-six percent increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.

But just how do particles in the air damage the cardiovascular system? The particles may cause the lungs to swell and release chemicals from the pollutants into the blood. The chemicals then could damage the heart.

57. The passage mainly talks about______.

A. the effects of pollution on women

B. how to protect women from air pollution

C. how air pollution damages a person’s heart

D. the relationship between air pollution and heart diseases

58. The case of the woman wearing a face mask shows ______.

A. people are paying more and more attention to their health

B. the woman is afraid of getting heart disease

C. Lanzhou city is more heavily polluted than other cities

D. air pollution is becoming more and more serious

59. We can learn from the passage that _______.

A. air pollution is more serious than scientists thought

B. the control of air pollution is effective in some cities

C. people throughout a city have the same risk of getting heart diseases

D. air pollution affects women more than men

60. The study implies that ______.

57―60 DDAC A. air pollution has a bigger effect on older women than younger women

B. small particles in the air mainly come from industrial smoke

C. the rise in air pollution may lead to a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease

D. air pollution has been affecting people for as long as nine years in the city of Lanzhou

57―60 DDAC

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相关题目

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该词。

该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

Eddie liked music very much. After leaving in __________

a medical college he went to work in hospital. _________

There he found that a lot of patient were happier _________

and caused little trouble if pleasant music was __________

playing to them. So, when he began to work in his __________

office he had a recorder playing beautiful music

to keep his patients happy. A morning soon after __________

the recorder has been played, a woman, who was _________

sitting in the crowded waiting room, she complained, __________

“We’re all waiting here to see the doctor _________

while he just playing the violin in his office _________

instead of doing his medical work.”

French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant--- giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.

Specialists from two French hospitals carried out the operation on a 38-year-old woman on Sunday in the northern city of Amiens by taking the face from a brain-dead woman, who had hanged herself just hours before the operation. Her family agreed on the operation.

“The patient is in an excellent state and the transplant looks normal,” the hospitals said in a brief statement after waiting three days to announce the pioneering surgery.

The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May, and was unable to talk or chew properly. Such injuries are “extremely difficult, if not impossible” to repair using normal surgical techniques, the statement said.

The statement did not say what the woman would look like when she had fully recovered, but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face.

The operation was led by Jean-Michel Dubernard, a specialist from a hospital in Lyon who has also carried out hand transplants,

Skin transplants have long been used to treat burns and other injuries, but operations around the mouth and nose have been considered very difficult because of the area's high sensitivity to foreign tissue.

Teams in France, the United States and Britain had been developing techniques to make face transplants a reality

There was a short-term risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a medium-term danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a long-term possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.

Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant had thrown up moral（道德的）and ethical(伦理的)issues. Little is known about the psychological effect of the transplant.

The best title for the passage would be ________.

A. French Woman has First Partial Face Transplant

B. First Face Transplant Opens Debate

C. Risks and Ethical Problems of a Face Transplant

D. A Complete Face Transplant of a French Woman

Why did the woman need such an operation?

A. Her face had been bitten by a dog

B. Her face had been burnt in a fire.

C. She was born especially ugly

D. She wanted to test such an operation.

The underlined word "resemble" means ________.

A. to remember forever

B. to recognize immediately

C. to set as an example

D. to present similarity or likeness to

What can we learn about the operation?

A. The woman had used the dead woman' s whole face.

B. There has arisen a debate about the operation.

C. The woman will suffer from psychological damage soon.

D. Such transplants have been performed by doctors.

It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing (挤过去) past someone in a narrow passage, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles, and here are some more polite ways of interacting (交往) with people in UK.

People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customer and shop assistant in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.

Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize (批评) others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is showed in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.

1.What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?

A．He thinks it is unnecessary. B．He thinks little of it.

C．He appreciates it very much. D．He thinks it goes too far.

2.What can be inferred from the passage?

A．German men never treat a woman to dinner.

B．The author think it’s unnecessary to say “thank you” to the bus driver.

C．In Germany, employers often say “thank you” to employees for their job.

D．Germans think it is unnecessary to thank workers because payment is enough.

3.We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______.

A．like to fight with each other

B．treat women in a polite way

C．are as generous as English men

D．are unwilling to spend money for women

4.The author develops the text through the method of ______.

A．making comparisons B．telling stories

C．giving reasons D．giving examples

I went to a local post office to send a gift to Florida yesterday afternoon. When I __1 _ the door, there were many people waiting there. A bit 2 , I decided to calmly wait for my turn to place the precious package on the 3 .

Since I didn’t 4 the tape to seal(封住)the box, I went to buy the tape. As I 5 secure the top of the box, a woman in front of me, a similar situation, asked if she could use some 6 . I gave her some and helped her put the gift into her 7 . Then a woman behind me also asked me if she could have some tape, since her envelop had ripped and I gladly 8 it to her.

When the woman in front of me 9 who I was sending the package to, I explained that my 80-year-old 10 Selma lives in Florida, 1200 miles from my home. She has a(n) 11

neighbor named Diane who has, on several occasions, accompanied her to the hospital. My mom 12 her “her angel” and had asked me to send her two willow tree angel.

As we spoke, the line moved and she offered me a place in front of her. I was 13 and thanked her. At that moment, the other people in front of her ushered me in front of them by the time

I __14 the counter, we were all smiling and laughing and I thanked them sincerely.

A few inches of tape can seal the world 15 .

A．looked for

B．ran towards

C．walked through

D．stood against

2.、

A．sad

B．satisfied

C．nervous

D．disappointed

3.、

A．counter

B．ground

C．wall

D．window

4.、

A．borrow

B．have

C．know

D．accept

5.、

A．wanted

B．forgot

C．began

D．continued

6.、

A．money

B．tape

C．paper

D．advice

7.、

A．had

B．box

C．pocket

D．car

8.、

A．brought

B．showed

C．gave

D．bought

9.、

A．asked

B．announced

C．said

D．expressed

10.、

A．aunt

B．grandma

C．sister

D．mother

11.、

A．wonderful

B．careless

C．sick

D．unfortunate

12.、

A．makes

B．promises

C．calls

D．teaches

13.、

A．afraid

B．regretful

C．delighted

D．unhappy

14.、

A．reached

B．left

C．saw

D．moved

15.、

A．open

B．together

C．apart

D．enough

It has always been said that women are not good drivers, because they simply don't have very good driving ability. On the other hand, most car accidents happen to men; very few happen to women.

From this, we can see that women are much more careful while driving. Another very interesting fact that we should point out is that in the past, women preferred to let their husbands be the only driver in the family rather than have a driving license. Somehow they were prevented from making this step in their lives, but nowadays there are many women that want to pass their driving tests from an early age.

However, we have to admit that men are more skillful drivers than women, but this does not mean that a woman cannot become a good driver by accumulating (积累) experience. So more and more teenagers and women around the age of thirty now want to pass their driving tests. While taking their driving lessons, they also have a number of special lessons with their parents or somebody in the family that has a driving license, this is just to improve their driving abilities and help them to pass the tests more easily.

To conclude, we can say that women are not such bad drivers. They just need more experience than men in order to be able to drive well. And on the other hand, there are a number of women that show better driving skills than the men around them.

1. Compared with the past, nowadays many women___.

A. prefer to have a driving license

B. have more accidents while driving

C. are somehow prevented from driving

D. are the only driver in the family

2.What advantage do women have over men in driving?

A. They have more skills.

B. They are much more careful

C. They know more traffic rules

D. They have more driving experience

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A. Teenage girls cannot take driving tests.

B. Men didn't allow women to drive in the past.

C. With enough experience, women can become good drivers.

D. Women can easily pass their tests by taking driving lessons.

4.The passage mainly talks about___.

A. women and their driving ability.

B. men and their driving ability.

C. why men are better drivers than women.

D. why more women like to have a driving license

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