题目内容

【题目】从下面的方框中选择合适的词,将其正确的形式填在句子中。选项中有两项为多余选项。

1Thousand were killed in the early stage of the novel virus spread because of lagging countermeasures, after which three related officials ____________ from their positions.

2The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favour, ____________ by enthusiastic applause.

3Since the lockdown of the city on Jan.23rd, the students and teachers in our school ____________ online learning and teaching at home.

4While a moderate amount of stress can be ____________, too much stress can exhaust you.

5Larger and longer trials are needed ____________ the clinical effect and safety of this new drug.

6Heroic sacrifice in disaster or war is not ____________ to self-preservation. It is people’s choice based on their value of life.

7Responsibility and reliability are the essential ____________ to be a trustworthy citizen in any society.

8Do not let a lack of materials to hold you back from ____________ your dream. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.

9New public opinion polls show the President’s ____________ rating at its lowest point since he took office.

10The Chinese people have shown great sympathy for the victims in the Covid-19 epidemic in the United States, ____________ those political conflicts.

【答案】

1resigned

2accompanied

3have adapted to

4beneficial

5to evaluate

6contradictory

7qualifications

8fulfilling

9approval

10setting aside

【解析】

1考查动词和时态。句意:上 千人在新病毒传播的早期阶段因对策滞后而死亡,之后三名相关官员辞职。分析句子结构, 所填词在句中是谓语动词;根据句意,应是动词resign,意思为“辞职”;句子叙述的是过去发生的情况,因此用一般过去时。故填resigned

2考查非谓语动词。句意: 在热烈的掌声中,该提案立即以二比一的投票结果获得通过。根据句意,此处应是短语 be accompanied by,意思为“伴随有……”;分析句子结构, 所填词在句中作状语;accompany与句子的主语The proposal之间为逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词作状语。故填accompanied

3考查动词短语和时态。句意: 自从123日该市封城以来,我校的学生和教师已经适应了在家在线学习和教学。根据句意,此处应是短语 adapt to ,意思为“适应”;since引导时间状语从句时,主句时态用现在完成时;主语the students and teachers是复数,因此谓语动词用have done形式。故填have adapted to

4考查形容词。句意:虽然适度的压力是有益的,但是过多的压力会让你筋疲力尽。分析句子结构,在be动词后,应接形容词作表语; benefit是动词,根据句意,此处应是形容词beneficial。意思为“对……有益的”。故填beneficial

5考查非谓语动词。句意: 评估这种新药的临床效果和安全性需要更大、更长时间的试验。分析句子结构, 此处为不定式作目的状语,意思为“为了……”;根据句意,应是动词evaluate,意思为“评估,评价”;不定式后接的动词原形,故填to evaluate

6考查形容词。句意: 灾难或战争中的英勇牺牲与自我保护并不矛盾。这是人们基于他们的生命价值的选择。分析句子结构, be动词后接形容词作表语;contradict是动词,形容词为contradictory;根据句意,此处应是短语be contradictory to,意思为“与……矛盾的”。故填contradictory

7考查名词的单复数。句意: 责任感和可靠性是成为任何社会中值得信赖的公民的基本条件。分析句子结构,所填词在句中作宾语,应是名词形式;qualify 是动词,名词形式为qualification;根据句意,此处是名词qualification,意思为“资格,条件”;主语 Responsibility and reliability”是指两个条件,因此qualification应用复数形式。故填qualifications

8考查非谓语动词。句意: 不要让物质的缺乏阻碍你实现梦想。世上无难事,只怕有心人。分析句子结构,在介词from后应接动名词形式作宾语;根据句意,此处是短语fulfill one’s dream,意思为“实现某人的梦想”;故填fulfilling

9考查名词。句意:新的民意调查显示,对总统的支持率达到了他上任以来的最低点。分析句子结构,在名词所有格the President’s后应是名词;approve是动词,名词形式为approval;此处名词approval 修饰名词rating;短语approval rating意思为“支持率”。故填approval

10考查非谓语动词。句意:抛开这些政治冲突,中国人民对美国发生新冠肺炎疫情的受害者表示深切同情。根据句意,应是短语set aside,意思为“把……抛在脑后,不顾,搁置在一边”;分析句子结构,此处用现在分词作状语,表示补充说明。故填setting aside

现在分词做状语,表示补充说明

现在分词短语起补充说明的作用与伴随状语有些相似,但严格地说,它不是伴随状语,因为它所表达的情景不与句子的动作相伴而产生,实际上,它起着补充说明的作用,相当于一个并列分句,但比分句简洁、明快。例如:

My train leaves at sixarriving in Chicago at ten.

My train leaves at sixand will arrive in Chicago at ten.

 The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talksadding that he had enjoyed his stay here.

The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talksand added that he had enjoyed his stay here.

All night long he lay awakethinking of the problem. (现在分词作伴随状语)

他整夜躺在床上睡不着,思考着那个问题。

如本题第10小题,用现在分词短语setting aside是作状语,表示对主句的补充说明。

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