题目内容
【题目】从下面的方框中选择合适的词,将其正确的形式填在句子中。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【1】Thousand were killed in the early stage of the novel virus spread because of lagging countermeasures, after which three related officials ____________ from their positions.
【2】The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favour, ____________ by enthusiastic applause.
【3】Since the lockdown of the city on Jan.23rd, the students and teachers in our school ____________ online learning and teaching at home.
【4】While a moderate amount of stress can be ____________, too much stress can exhaust you.
【5】Larger and longer trials are needed ____________ the clinical effect and safety of this new drug.
【6】Heroic sacrifice in disaster or war is not ____________ to self-preservation. It is people’s choice based on their value of life.
【7】Responsibility and reliability are the essential ____________ to be a trustworthy citizen in any society.
【8】Do not let a lack of materials to hold you back from ____________ your dream. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.
【9】New public opinion polls show the President’s ____________ rating at its lowest point since he took office.
【10】The Chinese people have shown great sympathy for the victims in the Covid-19 epidemic in the United States, ____________ those political conflicts.
【答案】
【1】resigned
【2】accompanied
【3】have adapted to
【4】beneficial
【5】to evaluate
【6】contradictory
【7】qualifications
【8】fulfilling
【9】approval
【10】setting aside
【解析】
【1】考查动词和时态。句意:上 千人在新病毒传播的早期阶段因对策滞后而死亡,之后三名相关官员辞职。分析句子结构, 所填词在句中是谓语动词;根据句意,应是动词resign,意思为“辞职”;句子叙述的是过去发生的情况,因此用一般过去时。故填resigned。
【2】考查非谓语动词。句意: 在热烈的掌声中,该提案立即以二比一的投票结果获得通过。根据句意,此处应是短语 be accompanied by,意思为“伴随有……”;分析句子结构, 所填词在句中作状语;accompany与句子的主语The proposal之间为逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词作状语。故填accompanied。
【3】考查动词短语和时态。句意: 自从1月23日该市封城以来,我校的学生和教师已经适应了在家在线学习和教学。根据句意,此处应是短语 adapt to ,意思为“适应”;since引导时间状语从句时,主句时态用现在完成时;主语the students and teachers是复数,因此谓语动词用have done形式。故填have adapted to。
【4】考查形容词。句意:虽然适度的压力是有益的,但是过多的压力会让你筋疲力尽。分析句子结构,在be动词后,应接形容词作表语; benefit是动词,根据句意,此处应是形容词beneficial。意思为“对……有益的”。故填beneficial。
【5】考查非谓语动词。句意: 评估这种新药的临床效果和安全性需要更大、更长时间的试验。分析句子结构, 此处为不定式作目的状语,意思为“为了……”;根据句意,应是动词evaluate,意思为“评估,评价”;不定式后接的动词原形,故填to evaluate。
【6】考查形容词。句意: 灾难或战争中的英勇牺牲与自我保护并不矛盾。这是人们基于他们的生命价值的选择。分析句子结构, 在be动词后接形容词作表语;contradict是动词,形容词为contradictory;根据句意,此处应是短语be contradictory to,意思为“与……矛盾的”。故填contradictory。
【7】考查名词的单复数。句意: 责任感和可靠性是成为任何社会中值得信赖的公民的基本条件。分析句子结构,所填词在句中作宾语,应是名词形式;qualify 是动词,名词形式为qualification;根据句意,此处是名词qualification,意思为“资格,条件”;主语 “Responsibility and reliability”是指两个条件,因此qualification应用复数形式。故填qualifications。
【8】考查非谓语动词。句意: 不要让物质的缺乏阻碍你实现梦想。世上无难事,只怕有心人。分析句子结构,在介词from后应接动名词形式作宾语;根据句意,此处是短语fulfill one’s dream,意思为“实现某人的梦想”;故填fulfilling。
【9】考查名词。句意:新的民意调查显示,对总统的支持率达到了他上任以来的最低点。分析句子结构,在名词所有格the President’s后应是名词;approve是动词,名词形式为approval;此处名词approval 修饰名词rating;短语approval rating意思为“支持率”。故填approval。
【10】考查非谓语动词。句意:抛开这些政治冲突,中国人民对美国发生新冠肺炎疫情的受害者表示深切同情。根据句意,应是短语set aside,意思为“把……抛在脑后,不顾,搁置在一边”;分析句子结构,此处用现在分词作状语,表示补充说明。故填setting aside。
现在分词做状语,表示补充说明
现在分词短语起补充说明的作用与伴随状语有些相似,但严格地说,它不是伴随状语,因为它所表达的情景不与句子的动作相伴而产生,实际上,它起着补充说明的作用,相当于一个并列分句,但比分句简洁、明快。例如:
My train leaves at six,arriving in Chicago at ten.
=My train leaves at six,and will arrive in Chicago at ten.
The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.
=The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,and added that he had enjoyed his stay here.
All night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem. (现在分词作伴随状语)
他整夜躺在床上睡不着,思考着那个问题。
如本题第10小题,用现在分词短语setting aside是作状语,表示对主句的补充说明。