题目内容

Have you ever found yourself in his situation: You hear a song you used to sing when you were a child-a bit of nostalgia(怀旧) or “blast from the past,” as we say. But it is not a distant childhood memory. The words come back to you as clearly as when you sang them all those years ago.

Researchers at the University of Edinburgh studied the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. They found that remembering words in a song was the best way to remember even one of the most difficult languages.

Here is what they did. Researchers took 60 adults and randomly divided them into three groups of 20. Then they gave the groups three different types of “listen-and-repeat” learning conditions. Researchers had one group simply speak the words. They had the second group speak the words to a rhythm, or beat. And they asked the third group to sing the words.

All three groups studied words from the Hungarian language for 15 minutes. Then they took part in a series of language tests to see what they remembered.

Why Hungarian, you ask? Researchers said they chose Hungarian because not many people know the language. It does not share any roots with Germanic or Romance languages, such as Italian or Spanish. After the tests were over, the singers came out on top. The people who learned these new Hungarian words by singing them showed a higher overall performance. They did the best in four out of five of the tests. They also performed two times better than those who simply learned the words by speaking them.

Dr. Katie Overy says singing could lead to new ways to learn a foreign language. The brain likes to remember things when they are contained in a catchy 3, or memorable 4, tune 5.

Dr. Ludke said the findings could help those who struggle to learn foreign languages. On the University of Edinburgh’s website Dr. Ludke writes, “This study provides the first experimental evidence that a listen-and-repeat singing method can support foreign language learning, and opens the door for future research in this area.”

1.The “song” mentioned in the first paragraph is intended to__________.

A. recall the past

B. attract the readers

C. introduce the topic

D. compare the childhood with the present

2.According to the passage which language doesn’t share the same root with Germanic or Romance languages?

A. Hungarian B. Spanish

C. Italian D. English

3.Based on the last two paragraphs, we can conclude that __________

A. singing is the best way to learn a language.

B. the brain probably works best when the foreign language learners sing the words.

C. a listen-repeat method is very effective for any language learner.

D. Dr. Katie Overy and Dr. Ludke disagree with each other.

4.In which situation can the finding of the research be applied?

A. A mother is going to teach her baby how to speak.

B. A child is going to have his first music lesson.

C. A student is going to learn a new English song.

D. An American is going to learn some Chinese.

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Before I studied psychology, I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred. While I was right about that, I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke. When someone laughs at a joke, there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laugh—and the more reasons there are, the more powerful the joke will be.

I was attending a stand-up comedy show in Egypt, and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets, everyone laughed their hearts out. The main reason those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly. The joke wasn’t only funny, it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians. That is, people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.

The better a joke makes a person feel, and the more it includes other psychological factors, the more the person will like it. For example, if you envy one of your friends, and someone tells a joke that is funny and, at the same time, makes your friend seem stupid, then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you weren’t jealous of him.

In short, we don’t laugh only when we hear something funny; we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke. I strongly discourage making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh. All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a person’s emotions, he will certainly like it a lot.

1.What did the author find out after studying psychology?

A. Only good jokes make people laugh

B. Many factors lead to people laughing.

C. Funny things can make people laugh

D. Laughter can make people healthy.

2.Why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?

A. They played a trick on the pedestrians.

B. The pedestrians behaved in a funny way.

C. They could feel the pedestrians’ happiness.

D. Their emotion was approved of by the show.

3.What does the underlined word “belittling” probably mean?

A. Annoy B. Blame

C. Look down on D. Make up to

4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

阅读理解。

Public bookshelves are appearing across Germany on street corners,city squares and in suburban supermarkets.In these free?for?all libraries,people can grab whatever they want to read,and leave behind anything they want for others.There’s no need to register,no due date,and you can take or give as many as you want.“This project is aimed at everyone who likes to read.It is open for everybody,” Michael Aubermann,one of the organizers of the free book exchange said.

The western city’s latest public shelf was put up next to Bayenturm.It is the fourth free shelf that Aubermann’s group,the Cologne Citizen’s Foundation,has placed outside.“We set up our other outdoor shelves last year and it’s been working really well,” said Aubermann.The public bookshelves,which are usually financed by donations and cared for by local volunteer groups,have appeared independently of each other in many cities,suburbs and villages.Each shelf holds around 200 books and it takes about six weeks for a complete turnover,with all the old titles replaced by new ones.

Even commercial book stores and online book sellers seem to support the idea of free book exchanges.“We see this project rather as a sales promotion than as competition,” said Elmar Muether.“If books are present everywhere,it helps our business,too.”

So far,the Cologne book group has had few problems with damage or other problems.Aubermann said,“Propaganda (宣传) is the only kind of literature we do not allow here.”

At another bookshelf in the Bayenthal neighborhood,the lower shelves are reserved for children’s literature only.“It is important that we make it easy for everyone to participate in this ‘reading culture on the street’—from old readers to kids to immigrants,” Aubermann said.

While most of the shelves have so far been put up in upscale_neighborhoods,Aubermann and the 20 volunteers who help look after the project are planning to put up future shelves in poor neighborhoods,where citizens often don’t have as much access to literature.

1.Which of the following is TRUE about the public bookshelves?

A.People can take the books and leave their books at will.

B.People can’t borrow books unless they donate books.

C.People can borrow whatever they like after registering.

D.People have to return the books according to the required time.

2.According to Aubermann,the public bookshelves________.

A.are financed by local volunteers

B.have been going well since their birth

C.were managed by the local government

D.will hold more books and take a shorter turnover

3.The underlined phrase “upscale neighborhoods” refers to________.

A.communities that have many people

B.communities that have many tall buildings

C.communities that are free to live in

D.communities that are of high grade

4.Which might be the best title for the passage?

A.Public Reading Becomes Popular Worldwide

B.New Trends of Bookshelves in Germany

C.Public Bookshelves Spread Across Germany

D.Reading Culture on the Street in Europe

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项。

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1.This advertisement aims at calling on people to ________.

A. attend full-time universities

B. work part time to further their education

C. improve their education at home to get better jobs

D. earn their degrees in different ways that suit them

2.Which of the following is NOT clearly mentioned in this advertisement?

A. The way how you will get your degree.

B. Tuition price.

C. The hot fields you will be preparing yourself for.

D. The length of time it will take you to get a degree.

3.What does the writer of this ad intend to say by naming General Electric, IBM, Ford, etc.?

A. To show that their training is widely used in the country.

B. To show that the training program is fully supported by famous companies in the U. S.

C. To prove the value of their training in every area.

D. To show the importance of getting recognized by the most famous companies.

4.It seems to the writer that the greatest attraction for people to take their training is ______.

A. its convenience

B. the degree’s nation-wide recognition

C. the economic benefit(利益) it will bring about

D. the hot fields the training will help people to enter

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阅读理解。

Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one's personal life or in the general society.Progress indicates a person's ability to change the way he is living at the moment.Progress must lead to a better life and a better way of doing things.All these, however, remain true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.

However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”, efficiency comes with a price.When communication becomes more efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or see each other without even leaving their homes.With the communication gadgets, such as mobile phones and iPads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally.A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the person's presence for as long as the visit lasts.We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.

With efficiency also comes mass production.Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today.Factories have improved efficiency.Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done.However, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products.For example, many handicrafts (手工艺品) are now produced in a factory.

Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item.

Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progress only from one point of view.In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up.It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state.New technology is required for old products to stay old.

It is people's attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society.Technology is flexible.There is no fixed way of making use of it.Everything depends on people's attitude.The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society.When we accept progress and adapt it to suit our needs, a new “past” is created.

1.The underlined word “gadgets” in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to“________”.

A.tools B.messages

C.barriers D.skills

2.Compared with home?made handicrafts, machine?made products ________.

A.lack great accuracy

B.lack the personal touch

C.are of high value

D.are quite welcome

3.What can be learned about technology from Paragraph 4?

A.It can destroy old traditions.

B.It can lead to social progress.

C.It can be used to correct mistakes.

D.It can be used to preserve old products.

4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

A.Progress can suit the needs of daily life.

B.People review the past with great regret.

C.Technology should be introduced in a fixed way.

D.People's attitude decides the use of technology.

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