题目内容

An Earthship is a home that is built of materials such as old tires and aluminum cans. It is the idea of a man named Michael Reynolds. Many Earthships are more or less self-sufficient because they provide their own heat, air and water. They often have gardens watered and fed by wastewater. They are comfortable and ecologically friendly.

 The main materials used in building Earthship is tires. Tires are plentiful and can’t be recycled like paper, plastic and metal. While building supplies for most houses can be very expensive, old used tires are free. First, the tires are packed tightly with dirt. Each full tire weighs as much as 400 pounds. The tires are then loaded like bricks. The walls are extremely strong. They also help keep a leveled temperature in the house (between 60 and 70 degrees) without heating and cooling systems.

The walls inside the Earthship are made of aluminum cans that are held together by cement. Then they are coated with adobe (专坯) or stucco (灰墁).

The roofs of Earthship are sloped so that rain and snow run into large tanks. These tanks hold all the water for the house, and pumps push the water through the pipes. Sometimes, water flows in certain areas of the house as waterfalls! Water that has been used is pumped out into the gardens where owners grow much of their own food.

In most of these houses, the southern side has huge windows that take in winter sunlight as a source of heat. Summer sun does not come in through the south windows, so it doesn’t get too hot in the summer. The house also has solar panels(太阳板) that gather energy for lights and hot water and cooking. The Earthship have all the comforts of a regular house without the high cost of electric bills!

In a time when we are running out of energy resources, pollution is bad, and waste is piling up, Earthships are the best places to live in. For people who truly care about the environment, Earthship provides a great alternative to traditional houses. You won’t be giving up any comforts, and the styles are attractive. We all hope that more and more people will build Earthships and take a huge step toward helping the environment and saving our planet.

1．What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Earthships are a good way to live and protect the environment.

       B．Tanks hold water collected from rain and snow.

C．It’s important to grow your own food in a vegetable garden.

       D．People who live in Earthships usually live in the desert.

2．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

       A．Earthships          B．Tires                 C．Bricks               D．Walls

3．Which of the following sentences states an opinion rather than a fact?

       A．Earthships are made out of tires and cans 

       B．Tanks collect water for use in Earthships

       C．Earthships can help save our planet  

       D．Tires can’t be recycled but bottles and paper can

4．Which evidence best supports the idea that Earthships are environmentally friendly?

       A．They were invented by Michael Reynolds.

       B．Water that has been used is pumped out into the garden.

       C．Summer sun does not come in through the south windows.

       D．This kind of house is becoming a reality.

5．Which statement is an example of propaganda（宣传）？

       A．The house also has solar panels that gather energy for lights and hot water.

       B．Earthships provide a great advantage over traditional houses.

       C．The walls are then coated with adobe or stucco.

       D．The construction of houses made of recycled materials has been growing.

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Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups.

Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.

Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.

Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.

Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

1. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _______.

A. a church     B. a corporation     C. a city         D. a state

2. The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______.

A. schooling and retraining          B. practice in a hospital

C. facilities he or she uses            D. education he or she receives

3. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?

A. About seven years.                  B. Eight years.

C. Ten years.                               D. About twelve years.

4. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______.

A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them

B. they can take turns to work long hours

C. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder

D. no one wants to assume too much responsibility

5. Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?

A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.

B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.

C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.

D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.

In this age of cell phones, text messages and computer keyboards, one Scottish school has returned to basics. It’ s teaching I children the ignored art of writing with a fountain pen. There is no   clicking of keyboards in most classrooms at the Mary Erskine and Stewart ’s Melville Junior School，although there is a full range of facilities(设施）for computer lessons and technology isn ' t being ignored. The school' s headmaster believes the old -fashioned pens have helped strengthen the academic performance and self-respect of his 1，200 pupils.

"The pens improve the quality of work because they force the children to take care, and better work improves self-respect" , headmaster Bryan Lewis said. “ Proper handwriting is as relevant today as it ever has been. “ Students as young as 7 have been instructed to give up their ballpoint pens and begin to deal with its more artful predecessor. By the time they reach grade five, at age 9，they are expected to write mainly with fountain pens. Lewis said the school’s 7-and 8 -year-olds use fountain pens for 80-90 percent of their work, returning to pencils for such subjects as math. “I don’ t see fountain pens as old -fashioned or out of date. Modern fountain

pens are beautiful to use. It’ s not like in the old days of broken metal points and dirtying writing paper，” Lewis said. ‘We have a particular writing style and we have developed it very carefully and found a way that allows left-and right-handed people to write without dirtying paper. ”

Some people argue that handwriting is becoming less important because of the growing use of cell phone text messaging and typing on computers, but the school disagrees. ‘We talk of the paperless office and the paperless world, but this is not true, ” Lewis said. “You still need to have proper handwriting skills. ”

. The Scottish school in the passage   _____.

A.  does not think highly of modern technology

B.  values fountain pens more than anything else

C.  pays special attention to the use of fountain pens

D.  takes an action which is considered stupid by many people

The underlined word “predecessor” in Paragraph 2 refers to_____.

A. the pencil   B. the keyboard

C. the ballpoint pen    D. the fountain pen

The headmaster Bryan Lewis holds the view that_____.

A.  children should be required to use fountain pens when they are five

B.  handwriting skills are more important than typing skills nowadays

C.  using fountain pens may slow down students ’ speed of writing

D.  fountain pens have helped to build up students' self-respect

Which is the best title for this passage?

A.  Handwriting Not Useless Now

B.  Old-fashioned Pen Coming Back

C.  Stay Away from Tech and Teach Fountain Pen

D.  Fountain Pen Strengthens Academic Performance

An Earthship is a home that is built of materials such as old tires and aluminum cans. It is the idea of a man named Michael Reynolds. Many Earthships are more or less self-sufficient because they provide their own heat, air and water. They often have gardens watered and fed by waste water. They are comfortable and ecologically friendly.

The main material used in building Earthships is tires. Tires are plentiful and

can't be recycled like paper, plastic, and metal.  While building supplies for most houses can be very expensive, old used tires are free.

First, the tires are packed tightly with dirt. Each full tire weighs as much as

400 pounds. The tires are then stacked like bricks. The walls are extremely strong. They also help keep an even temperature in the house (between 60 and 70 degrees) without heating and cooling systems.?

The walls inside the Earthship are made of aluminum cans that are held together by cement. Then they are coated with adobe or stucco.?

The roofs of Earthships are sloped so that rain and snow run into large tanks. These tanks hold all the water for the house, and pumps push the water through the pipes. Sometimes, water flows in certain areas of the house as waterfalls! Water that has been used is pumped out into the gardens where owners grow much of their own food.?

In most of these houses, the southern side has huge windows that take in winter sunlight as a source of heat. Summer sun does not come in through the south windows, so it doesn't get too hot in the summer. The house also has solar panels that gather energy for lights and hot water and cooking. The Earthships have all the comforts of a regular house without the high cost of electric bills!?

In a time when we are running out of energy resources, pollution is bad, and waste is piling up, Earthships are the best places to live in. For people who truly care about the environment,Earthships provide a great alternative to traditional houses. You won't be giving up any comforts, and the styles are attractive. We all hope that more and more people will build Earthships and take a huge step toward helping the environment and saving our planet.?

What is the main idea of this passage??

A. Earthships are a good way to live and protect the environment.?

B. Tanks hold water collected from rain and snow.?

C. It's important to grow your own food in a vegetable garden.?

D. People who live in Earthships usually live in the desert.?

Which of the following is NOT explained in the passage??

A. How an Earthship is built.?

B. What an Earthship is mainly made of.?

C. Why the Earthship is so called.?

D. How an Earthship is heated in winter.?

Which evidence best supports the idea that Earthships are environmentally friendly??

A. They were invented by Michael Reynolds.?

B. Water that has been used is pumped out into the garden.?

C. They are comfortable and ecologically friendly.?

D. The tires are packed tightly with dirt.?

It can be inferred from the passage that ________.?

A. a large population are already living in Earthships?      

B. the idea of Earthships will attract the attention of governments?

C. the materials for the Earthships will be harmful to the dwellers(居住者)?

D.the northern side of the Earthship has no window?

An Earthship is a home that is built of materials such as old tires and aluminum cans. It is the idea of a man named Michael Reynolds. Many Earthships are more or less self-sufficient because they provide their own heat, air and water. They often have gardens watered and fed by waste water. They are comfortable and ecologically friendly.
The main material used in building Earthships is tires. Tires are plentiful and
can't be recycled like paper, plastic, and metal.  While building supplies for most houses can be very expensive, old used tires are free.
First, the tires are packed tightly with dirt. Each full tire weighs as much as
400 pounds. The tires are then stacked like bricks. The walls are extremely strong. They also help keep an even temperature in the house (between 60 and 70 degrees) without heating and cooling systems.
The walls inside the Earthship are made of aluminum cans that are held together by cement. Then they are coated with adobe or stucco.
The roofs of Earthships are sloped so that rain and snow run into large tanks. These tanks hold all the water for the house, and pumps push the water through the pipes. Sometimes, water flows in certain areas of the house as waterfalls! Water that has been used is pumped out into the gardens where owners grow much of their own food.
In most of these houses, the southern side has huge windows that take in winter sunlight as a source of heat. Summer sun does not come in through the south windows, so it doesn't get too hot in the summer. The house also has solar panels that gather energy for lights and hot water and cooking. The Earthships have all the comforts of a regular house without the high cost of electric bills!
In a time when we are running out of energy resources, pollution is bad, and waste is piling up, Earthships are the best places to live in. For people who truly care about the environment,Earthships provide a great alternative to traditional houses. You won't be giving up any comforts, and the styles are attractive. We all hope that more and more people will build Earthships and take a huge step toward helping the environment and saving our planet.

  1. 1.

    What is the main idea of this passage?

    1. A.
      Earthships are a good way to live and protect the environment.
    2. B.
      Tanks hold water collected from rain and snow.
    3. C.
      It's important to grow your own food in a vegetable garden.
    4. D.
      People who live in Earthships usually live in the desert.
  2. 2.

    Which of the following is NOT explained in the passage?

    1. A.
      How an Earthship is built.
    2. B.
      What an Earthship is mainly made of.
    3. C.
      Why the Earthship is so called.
    4. D.
      How an Earthship is heated in winter.
  3. 3.

    Which evidence best supports the idea that Earthships are environmentally friendly?

    1. A.
      They were invented by Michael Reynolds.
    2. B.
      Water that has been used is pumped out into the garden.
    3. C.
      They are comfortable and ecologically friendly.
    4. D.
      The tires are packed tightly with dirt.
  4. 4.

    It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

    1. A.
      a large population are already living in Earthships
    2. B.
      the idea of Earthships will attract the attention of governments
    3. C.
      the materials for the Earthships will be harmful to the dwellers(居住者)
    4. D.
      the northern side of the Earthship has no window

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