题目内容

Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups.

Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.

Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.

Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.

Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

1. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _______.

A. a church     B. a corporation     C. a city         D. a state

2. The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______.

A. schooling and retraining          B. practice in a hospital

C. facilities he or she uses            D. education he or she receives

3. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?

A. About seven years.                  B. Eight years.

C. Ten years.                               D. About twelve years.

4. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______.

A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them

B. they can take turns to work long hours

C. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder

D. no one wants to assume too much responsibility

5. Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?

A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.

B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.

C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.

D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.

1--5         BDDCA     


解析:

 在美国,医师是高报酬职业之一。这是由于他们需要较长时间的学习和高学费投入的缘故。

1. B。语义理解题。从第 1 段最后两句话中可得出答案。

2. D。主旨题。从第 3 段的最后部分中可得出答案。

3. D。计算题。从第 3 段的 Most would be physicians first attend college for four years… Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years…They still face three to five years of residency 可知答案为 D。

4. C。细节题。从第 4 段第2句可找到答案。

5. A。主旨题。通读全文便知高额学费和职业风险是医师获得高报酬的原因。

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Have you ever got stuck with unwanted courses or a class schedule that cannot be changed? If so, that's because you don't know how to select the perfect sch

edule. But by following a few simple steps, you can begin any term with the right courses at the most convenient times.

First, you must find the right courses. These are the ones that have the least amount of work, the fewest tests and the kindest professors. Ask your friends about courses in which they received A's after attending only 70 percent of the classes. Ask around, too, to see which instructors have given the same tests for the last fifteen years. Photocopies of these tests are usually cheap and can be easily found in school. Then, pick up a copy of the master schedule and study it carefully. Find the course titles that mean an easy pass for a painless subject.

Look for titles like “Arts and Crafts for Beginners” and “Rock Music of the 1950s”.

Next, when you have got lists of easy instructors and subjects, you can begin to select your time periods. If you stay up late in order to watch old movies, you may want a daily schedule that begins no sooner than noon. You should schedule only afternoon courses, too, if you're one of those people who hate to leave a warm bed in the morning. On the other hand, if you are a person who gets out of bed at dawn, you may want to get your classes out of the way as early as possible. That way you have the rest of the day free. Morning classes are also necessary if you are a soap opera(肥皂剧) fan.

Finally, you want your schedule to pass through registration successfully. The main way to do this is to register(注册) early. If a course does happen to be closed because you simply couldn't register at 7:00 am, you may still be able to get in. Talk to the professor and tell him or her that a serious and hardworking student like yourself would be a shining example to other students. Be sure to carry a list of back-up courses to registration, though, just in case one of your chosen classes changes professors or time periods.

By following these suggestions, any student can pick the perfect class schedule. College can thus become an almost pleasant activity.

1.Which of the following statements is true?

A.You can get copies of tests if you are willing to pay the price.

B.“Rock Music of the 1950s” may be an easy course.

C.It is difficult to pick the perfect class schedule.

D.Attendance is required in all classes. 

2.You should  ________ .

A.register for classes in the morning if you get up early

B.have classes late in the morning if you stay up late

C.sign up for afternoon classes if you want to see soap operas 

D.choose classes in the evening if you want to watch old films 

3.If a course happens to be closed, you should  ________ .

A.register at 7:00 am               B.sit in on the class anyway

C.register for a back up course       D.get help from the professor 

4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.Course Registration Made Easy         B.How to Find the Right Courses 

C.Classes and After?class Activities      D.How to Pick the Perfect Schedule

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