MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) are free, but without tutoring, and are open to anyone, anywhere in the world. The courses are flexible - normally three to five hours of study a week

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MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) are free, but without tutoring, and are open to anyone, anywhere in the world. The courses are flexible — normally three to five hours of study a week — done at any time, short (5 to 10 weeks) and video-rich. They are also heavily dependent on crowd sourcing: you can discuss a course with fellow students through online forums, discussion boards and peer review. Students don’t have to finish the courses, pass assessments or do assignments, but, if they do, they get a certification of participation.

The Open University launched FutureLearn, the UK’s answer to US platforms such as Coursera, EdX and Udacity, which have been offering MOOCs from top US universities for the past two years. The response has been incredible, with more than three million people registering worldwide. Meanwhile, in 2012, Edinburgh University became the first non-US institution to join Coursera’s partnership, comprising 13 universities. “We already run 50 online master’s degrees, so this was a logical expansion,” says Professor Jeff Haywood, Edinburgh’s vice-principal. “It’s an investment in teaching methods research. How am I going to teach introductory philosophy to 100,000 people? That’s what I call educational R&D.” He adds “If you look ahead 10 years, you’d expect all students graduating to have taken some online courses, so you’ve got to research that. Our MOOCs are no more in competition with our degrees than a lifelong learning course because they don’t carry credits.”

Cooperation is key, Haywood stresses. It is far better to offer 20-30 courses in your own areas of expertise (专门技能) and let other institutions do likewise. Professor Mike Sharples, FutureLearn’s academic lead, goes further: “We’ve tied the elements available before into a package of courses offered by leading universities worldwide on a new software platform, with a new way of promoting it and also a new social-learning teaching method. You won’t just receive an exam, but be able to discuss and mark each other’s assignments.”

Bath University, one of more than 20 universities working with FutureLearn, launches its first course, Inside Cancer, next January, and regards MOOCs as a way of breaking down age barriers. “There’s no reason why someone doing GCSEs should not look at our MOOCs and get quite a way through them, or someone at PhD level and beyond,” says Professor Bernie Morley, expert for learning and teaching.

1.MOOCs have these features EXCEPT that ________.

A. MOOCs have a platform for learners to share their learning experience

B. MOOCs provide teachers’ instructions if you have some difficulty

C. MOOCs can be adjusted according to people’s learning pace

D. MOOCs are free of charge for anyone

2.The response to FutureLearn has been thought to be unbelievable mainly because ________.

A. all the courses on the platform are available to anyone in the world

B. Edinburgh University became the first non-US institution to join it

C. students can get a certification of participation without passing assessments

D. the number of people registering in the platform is beyond expectation

3.What can be inferred from Professor Bernie Morley in the last paragraph?

A. People at PhD level have already known everything about MOOCs.

B. People with various learning levels will probably show interest in MOOCs.

C. Inside Cancer will be the most popular course for someone doing GCSEs.

D. MOOCs are not so competitive as lifelong learning courses due to the problems of credits.

4.The passage mainly deals with ________.

A. the appearance of a new learning platform

B. the various opinions on FutureLearn

C. the popularity of no-credit courses

D. the advantages of online teaching methods

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All the students were eager to know what the future may have _____ for them when they graduated from the school.

A. in store B. in common

C. in all D. in particular

假如你叫李华，你的好朋友王新今天早晨上课时一直闷闷不乐，课间活动时也没出教室，只是呆坐在座位上。你主动向他了解情况，他却婉言谢绝。对此，你很担心。请用英语给他写一封电子邮件，对他进行开导劝慰。

注意： 1、词数：100左右；

2、可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；

3、邮件的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。

Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, but his name ________ me, which made me embarrassed.

A. forgotB. missedC. escapedD. reminded

假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教Mr. Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________

第一节短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

It is Mother’s Day today. Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping. While he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked dishes in kitchen. The dishes I cooked was Mom’s favorite. At dinner, we said to her, “Happy Mother’s Day!” Mom was grateful and moving to tears.

Basketball Statistician Help Wanted

The Athletic Department is looking for students to help assist staff during the Fall 2016, Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters. Students in this position will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. Students must meet all of the following requirements:

? Good computer skills

? Available evenings and weekends

? Knowing basketball rules and statistics

Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact the Athletic Coordinator at their respective(各自的) campuses.

? TP/SS Athletic Coordinator, Michael Simone,240-567-1308

? Rockville Athletic Coordinator, Jorge Zuniga,240-567-7589

? Springfield Athletic coordinator, Gary Miller,240-567-2273

? Germantown Athletic Coordinator, Gavri Chavan, 240-567-6915

1.When will the job start?

A. In May 2016.B. In September 2016.

C. In May 2017.D. In September 2017.

2.Who is more likely to get job?

A. Sam, English major, member of the college basketball team.

B. Judy, IT staff with night classes, children’s basketball team coach.

C. Ted, computer major, basketball fan, free on evenings and weekends.

D. Molly, part-time programmer, high school basketball player, new mother.

3.Whom should you contact if you want to apply for the job in Rockville?

A. Michael.B. Jorge.C. Gavri.D. Gary.

Bottled water is a drain on the environment: The US public goes through about 50 billion water bottles a year, and most of those plastic containers are not recycled, according to Elizabeth Royte’s book Bottlemania: How Water Went on Sale and Why We Bought It.

Transporting the bottles and keeping them cold also burns fuels, which give off greenhouse gases. And groundwater pumping by bottled water companies draws heavily on underground aquifers(含水层) and harms watersheds(分水岭), according to the Sierra Club. And some studies suggest it takes up to three liters of water to produce one liter of bottled water.

Yet more than $100 billion is spent every year on bottled water globally. In many cities in developing countries where there is not a safe source of tap water, bottled water becomes a trusted choice.

In the US, tap water is controlled by the government and often examined for dangerous polluted substances. Each American drinks 79 liters of bottled water per year on average, according to the Columbia Water Center at Columbia University’s Earth Institute in New York. The bottled water industry is so successful that it has outpaced(超过) milk, coffee, and juice in the number of gallons of drinks sold — putting it behind only beer and soda.

Though the sale and consumption (消费) of bottled water is still on the rise, certain policymakers have taken steps to reduce it and encourage people to drink tap water. In September 2009, the Australian town of Bundanoon became the first town in the world to completely ban bottled water from its stores’ shelves, building water fountains（喷泉） around the town instead.

Among US cities that have taken action are San Francisco and Seattle, which no longer buy water for city use, and Chicago, which added a five-cent tax on each bottle. Several restaurants in those cities have also given up bottled water for tap water. Other cities are also considering taking action.

1.What does the underlined word "drain" in the first paragraph probably mean?

A. Value.B. Consumption.C. Solution.D. Relief (缓解).

2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A. Why bottled water is so popular.

B. What Elizabeth Royte’s book is about.

C. How much it takes to produce bottled water.

D. What effects bottled water has on the environment.

3.According to the passage, what drink sells best in the USA?

A. BeerB. Bottled waterC. CoffeeD. Milk

4.Which of the following statements about the US is TRUE?

A. More than $100 billion is spent every year on bottled water in the US.

B. About 79 billion water bottles a year are gone through by the US public.

C. In Chicago, you have to pay 5 cents as tax if you buy a bottle of water.

D. An American drinks 50 liters of bottled water every year on average.

短文改错

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I used to feel sleepy in class and I couldn’t focus to my lessons. As a result, not only did I do badly in our studies, but also my health went from bad to worse, for that I was often scolded by my parents. I decide to change my situation. Half a year ago, followed my teacher’s advice, I began to join some sports activities. I now play the basketball for 45 minutes every day. My health has improved, but at the same time, I’ve made lots of progresses in my studies. Physical exercise has changed me into an entire new person.

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