题目内容

A team of US psychologists have found that talking to another person for ten minutes a day helps with memory.
"Socializing is just as effective as more traditional kinds of mental exercise in boosting memory and intellectual performance," Oscar Ybarra, a psychologist at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research, said in a statement.
In one investigation, they analyzed data on 3610 people, aged 24 to 96.
They found that the higher their level of social interaction (交流), the better their cognitive (认知的) functioning.  Social interaction includes getting together or having phone chats with relatives, freinds and neighbors.
In another experiment, the researchers conducted lab tests on 76 college students, aged 18 to 21, to evaluate how social interactions and intellectual exercises affected the results of memory and mental performance tests.
The students were divided into three groups: the social interaction group had a discussion of a social issue for 10 minutes before taking the tests; the intellectual activities group completed three tasks (including a reading comprehension exercise and a crossword puzzle) before the tests; and a control group (对照组) watched a 10-minute clip (电源片段) of the Seinfeld television show.
"We found that short-term social interaction lasting for just 10 minutes improved participants’ intellectual performance as much as engaging in so-called ’intellectual’ activities for the same amount of time," Ybarra said.
The study was expected to be published in the February issue of the journal Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
小题1:The underlined word "boosting" in the second paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A．improvingB．decreasingC．preventingD．training
小题2:Which is not included in social interaction?
A．Having a talk with a neighbor.B．Attending a birthday party.
C．Watching TV at home alone.D．Calling your classmates
小题3:What’s the purpose of the experiment on 76 college students?
A．To judge the effect of social interaction on memory and intelligence.
B．To find out what is real social interaction.
C．To learn how much time is needed for social interaction.
D．To show the function of people’s cognition.
小题4:Which of the following questions may be asked in the social interaction group in the experiment?
A．What does the author want to show us?
B．Do you like living in a big city or a small one?
C．Which word can be used to fill in the blank?
D．What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
小题5:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Intellectual exercises improve memory.
B．Different people have different ways of communication
C．Communicating with others keeps you healthy.
D．Social interaction makes you smart
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:D
小题1:A有第一段talking to another person for ten minutes a day helps with memory.可推断出。
小题2:C有第四段第二句话Social interaction includes getting together or having phone chats with relatives, freinds and neighbors.可知
小题3:A由第五段第二行可知to evaluate how social interactions and intellectual exercises affected the results of memory and mental performance tests.
小题4:B根据第六段the social interaction group had a discussion of a social issue for 10 minutes before taking the tests，可知至于B选项问题属于social issue。
小题5:D根据第一段和第二段第一句话Socializing is just as effective as more traditional kinds of mental exercise in boosting memory and intellectual performance,"可知。
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The World Health Organization says obesity rates are rising in Pacific island countries. So, too, are health problems linked to being overweight.
The WHO says a major reason for the rising obesity rates is an increase in imported foods. It says many Pacific islanders have replaced their traditional diets of vegetables and fruits with imported processed foods.
Dr.Temu Waqanivalu is with the World Health Organization’s South Pacific office in Suva, Fiji.He says many of the imported products lack nutritional value.
Temu Waqanivalu said: “In some of the places, you’d be amazed to see how a bottle of Coke is cheaper than a bottle of water. I think that represents the kind of off­environment we’ve created that doesn’t really encourage or make lifestyle choices an easy choice for the population.”
And a lack of physical activity among many Pacific islanders only adds to the obesity problem.
The WHO says more than 50 percent of the population is overweight in at least ten Pacific island countries. The rate is as high as 80 percent among women in the territory（领地）of American Samoa. Fiji had the lowest obesity rate at 30 percent.
In all, almost ten million people live in Pacific island countries. The WHO estimates that about 40 percent of them have health disorders related to diet and nutrition.
Diabetes（糖尿病）rates are among the highest in the world. Forty-seven percent of the people in American Samoa have diabetes. So do 44 percent of the people in Tokelau, a territory of New Zealand.
By comparison, the diabetes rate is 13 percent in the United States, a country that has its own problems with rising obesity.
Officials also note an increase in nutritional problems like anemia and not enough vitamin A in the diets of Pacific islanders. Dr. Waqanivalu says treating conditions related to obesity and diet puts pressure on limited health resources and budgets.
小题1:The main reason why obesity rates are rising in many Pacific islanders is ________.
A．the change of society
B．the change of eating habits
C．the change of life style
D．lack of exercise
小题2:Imported products lack nutritional value but people love to buy them because they are ________.
A．cheapB．popularC．tastyD．convenient to get
小题3:How many people living in Pacific island countries have health disorders?
A．1 million.B．4 million.C．6 million.D．10 million.
小题4:The percentage of diabetes rates in American Samoa is ________.
A．optimisticB．steadyC．worryingD．low
Researchers have announced the result of two studies on the health effects of the drug aspirin．One study shows aspirin can sharply reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack．
The study offered two new results from earlier findings, It said taking one aspirin pili every other day helped only healthy men over the age of fifty．It also said aspirin gave the greatest protection against heart attacks to men with low blood cholesterol（胆固醇）levels．
Earlier in the United States began a major aspirin study in the early 1980s．It included 22,000 healthy men doctors．Ail were between the ages of forty and eighty-four．More than 11,000 of the doctors took a harmless pill that contained no drug．The men did not know which kind of pill they were taking．
The doctors who took aspirin suffered 44% fewer heart attacks than those taking the harmless pill．139 men who took aspirin suffered from heart attacks．Ten of them died．239 men who did not take aspirin suffered from heart attacks．Twenty-six of them died．
The researchers said the doctors' study provides clear proof that taking aspirin can prevent a first heart attack in healthy, older men．They said, however, the result does not mean every man over the mage of fifty should take aspirin．They said aspirin couldn't help men who do not eat healthy foods, who smoke cigarettes and who are fat．The researchers said men who think they wou3d be helped by taking aspirin should talk with their doctors first．
小题1:We may learn that the new use of aspirin is ______．
A．to treat heart disease
B．to reduce the chance of a heart attack in old men
C．to protect old men
D．to reduce the blood cholesterol levels
小题2:Aspirin can help those who ______．
A．are older and healthy
B．know how to keep fit
C．are fat and smoke cigarettes
D．are suffering from heart attack
小题3:At last the researchers advised us to take aspirin _____.
A．as we likeB．with careC．every dayD．if we are over fifty
小题4:From the experiment we can conclude that about ______ of people who suffered from heart attacks without aspirin died．
A．7%B．19%C．11%D．44%

If you have to miss a meal a day, which meal will cause you fewest health problems if you don’t eat it? If you have to make a decision of this type, most people (especially very busy people) will choose to skip breakfast.
However, many experts in the field of health consider breakfast ( the meal which “break” you “fast” ) to be the most important t meal of the day. If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients (营养) we need to begin our working day with vigor(活力) and stay hopeful with good honor. However, many people skip breakfast or substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal. What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?
One recent study conducted in the United States tested a large number of people. Participants included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83. The results showed that if a person eats an adequate breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person’s work involves mental(脑力的) activities. The study showed that if school-children eat fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to concentrate (集中)on their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast is inadequate.
The study also showed that contrary to what people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you want to lose weight, skipping breakfast will not help you. You will likely lose more weight if you decrease your other meals.
小题1:According to experts, breakfast is the most important meal of the day because _____.
A．a good breakfast breaks you down fast
B．you’ll lose weight quickly if you skip breakfast
C．breakfast provides what a person needs to work
D．after a long night, you’ll feel very hungry
小题2:The underlined part “substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal”(Para. 2) probably means _______.
A．to exchange a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal.
B．To drink a cup of coffee instead of a well balanced meal.
C．To change a cup of coffee into a well balanced meal.
D．To regard a cup of coffee as a well balanced meal.
小题3:The example of school-children in para.3 shows that _______.
A．school-children will be quick and attentive all day if they eat breakfast
B．a proper breakfast will make mental workers more efficient
C．fruit, eggs, bread and milk are the best breakfast for mental workers
D．school-children who have breakfast are much brighter than those who don’t
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to Para. 4?
A．Some people skip breakfast because they want to be slimmer.
B．Most people who skip breakfast actually eat more for lunch.
C．People put on weight because they eat too much breakfast.
D．Skipping breakfast won’t help people who want to lose weight.
小题5:The best title of the passage is _______.
A．How to Lose Weight
B．What’s a Healthy Diet
C．Surprising Results of a Study
D．Breakfast – A Meal That Breaks You Fast
I'm fat. I'm too skinny. I'd be happy if I were taller, shorter, had curly hair, straight hair, a smaller nose, bigger muscles, longer legs. Do any of these statements sound familiar? Do you often put yourself down? If so, you're not alone. As a teen, you're going through a ton of changes in your body. And as your body changes, so does your image (形象) of yourself. Lots of people have trouble getting used to it and this can affect their confidence.
Some people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good about themselves. But actually all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.
The first thing to do is recognize that your body is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it comes in. If you're very worried about your weight or size, go to your doctor to check that things are OK. But it's no one's business but your own what your body is like-finally, you have to be happy with yourself.Next, find which aspects of your appearance you can change and which you can't change and need to accept-like their height, for example, or their shoe size.
If there are things about yourself that you want to change and can do this by making goals for yourself. For example, if you want to get fit, make a pan to exercise every day and eat nutritious foods.
When you hear negative comments coming from within yourself, tell yourself to stop. Try building your confidence by listing three things in your day that really gave you pleasure. It can be anything like the way the sun felt on your face, the sound of your favorite band, or the way someone laughed at your jokes.
小题1:. From the first paragraph, we can infer that _________.
A．most teens like to have a special body image
B．many teens can't accept their body change easily
C．teens prefer to change their body image quickly
D．teens usually change their opinions on their body image
小题2:. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A．Realize you can't change everything about yourself.
B．Change the way other people look at you.
C．Go to your doctor for advice on how to change your body.
D．Learn from some celebrities on how to change your body.
小题3:. The underlined phrase "put yourself down" in the first paragraph probably means_____.
A．make yourself fall down B．say negative things about yourself
C．force yourself to do something D．write down your name somewhere
小题4:. The passage is mainly about_______.
A．how to adjust to the changes of your body
B．how to build confidence by changing your body
C．how to keep an attractive body image
D．how to find pleasure in your day
Have you ever stayed up late? If so, you know that not getting enough sleep can leave you tired and grumpy . Not sleeping enough can also make it harder to think clearly the next day.
Sleep experts have long known that getting a good night’s sleep is important.
It helps kids perform their best during the day. A recent study shows that sleep helps improve problem--- solving skills and creative thinking.
For the study, two groups of volunteers answered a math problem. The group that slept for eight hours solved the problem correctly more often than the group that did not get enough sleep.
While you sleep, your brain is busy doing its “homework”. It sorts out information from your day. Getting enough sleep each night can boost your brainpower. That will help you do your best in school. Experts say that, in return, can lead to better grades.
小题1:What is the best title for the passage?
A．Too Much SleepB．It’s Homework Time
C．Sleep to SucceedD．Math Problems
小题2:The underlined word “boost” in paragraph 5 means ________.
A．reduceB．improve
C．disturbD．worsen
小题3:Why is sleep important?
A．It can improve problem-solving skills and creative thinking
B．It will help you do your best in school
C．It helps your brain sort out information from your day.
D．All of the above
小题4: What did the results of a recent sleep study show?
A．People who sleep enough are good at math
B．Sleep is important for learning
C．If you get enough sleep, you don’t have to do your homework
D．Adults need more sleep than kids
Most children, even the youngest of children, are delighted to be around cats and dogs. But these pets carry plenty of germs and allergens（过敏原）,prompting researchers to ask: Are cats and dogs really safe for children？
A study finds that, contrary to many parents' fears, owning cats or dogs does not increase a child's risk of developing allergies, and in fact, may actually protect them. The study's lead author, Dr. Dennic Ownby of the Medical College of Georgia, says that even he was "very surprised" by the results. Ownby and colleagues followed more than 470 children from birth to age 6 or 7, comparing those exposed to cats and dogs during their first year of life to those who were not.
By using skin-prick tests for detecting common allergies, the researchers found that, contrary to what many doctors had been taught for years, children who had lived with a pet were not at greater risk.
Even more remarkable, children who had two or more dogs or cats had an even greater reduction, up to 77 percent, in risk of allergies. Researchers suggest this protective effect may be the result of early exposure to lots of bacteria that are carried by dogs and cats. Exposing young children to these bacteria helps" exercise" their immune systems early in life so that they're better able to resist allergic diseases later.
There's something very important in that first year of life when the immune system is developing that we can retrain it away from an allergic response, said Dr. William Davis.
And while researchers are not encouraging parents to buy dogs or cats just to reduce a child's allergy risk, they say if a family already has one or more animals, there's no need to get rid of them.
小题1:Why do the researchers feel “very surprised” by the results of the study?
A．Because the results are contrary to their expectation．
B．Because so many children are playing with cats and dogs．
C．Because parents are so much worried about their children．
D．Because children with animals may develop allergies easily．
小题2:Compared with children who have pets，those who haven’t  ______.
A．will lose the chance to develop immune system
B．may suffer allergic diseases more often
C．will reduce the harm from bacteria
D．can keep doctors away
小题3:It can be inferred from the passage that ______．
A．pets are ill-treated by their owners
B．less families would like to own cats and dogs
C．keeping pets is a good way to keep children healthy
D．the results of the study can make families with pets feel at ease
小题4:The underlined word “it” in the fifth paragraph refers to________.
A．the early life
B．an allergic disease
C．immune system
D．something important
小题5:What may be the best title of the passage?
A．How to protect your kids from allergies
B．Your pets may be helping your kids
C．Bacteria do good to your kids
D．Advantages of owning pets
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease－especially in changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought about this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is just “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well”. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively attempting to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well”, in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can struggle for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial influence on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
小题1:Today’s medical care is placing more stress on                .
A．monitoring patients’ body functions
B．removing people’s bad living habits
C．ensuring people’s psychological well-being
D．keeping people in a healthy physical condition
小题2:Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he or she                 .
A．is free from any kind of disease
B．does not have any physical handicaps
C．attempts to maintain the best possible health
D．keeps a proper balance between work and leisure
小题3:According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?
A．Wellness is now just an ideal in many people’s mind.
B．Someone who drinks a few beers at home most nights is not healthy.
C．The concept of wellness can help people face the challenges of daily life.
D．A man without any physical or mental problem may not be really healthy.
小题4:According to the author, healthy people are those who                        .
A．do not have any symptoms of disease
B．have strong muscles as well as slim figures
C．try to keep healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations
D．can recover from illness even without seeking medical care
Below is some advice on how to sleep better.
1. Maintain a regular bed and wake time schedule
Go to bed at the same time every night. Choose a time when you normally feel tired, so that you don’t toss or turn. Try not to break this routine on weekends when it may be tempting to stay up late. If you want lo changeyour bedtime, help your body adjust by making the changein small daily increments, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day. As with your bedtime, try to maintain yourregular wake-time even on weekends.
2.Fight after-dinner drowsiness（睡意）
If you find yourself getting sleepy before your bed-time, get off the couch and do something mildly stimulating to avoid falling asleep, such as washing the dishes, calling a friend, or getting clothes ready for the next day. If you give in to the drowsiness, you may wake up later in the night and have trouble getting back to sleep.
3. Keep your room dark and cool
When it’s time to sleep, make sure that your environment is dark. Even dim light —especially those from TV or computer screens —can confuse the body clock. Heavy curtains or shades can help block light from windows, or you can try an eye mask to cover your eyes. The temperature of your bedroom also affects sleep. A bedroom that is too hot or too cold can interfere with quality sleep.
4. Turn off your television
Many people use the television to fall asleep or relaxat the end of the day. You may even have a television inyour bedroom. However, television actually stimulates themind, rather than relaxing it. Part of this is due to con­tent. Late night news and prime time shows frequently have disturbing, violent material. Even non-violent pro­gramming can have commercials that are jarring and loud.
5. Exercise early
Exercise helps promote restful sleep if it is done sev­eral hours before you go to bed. Exercise can help you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly— as long asit ’s done at the right time. Try to finish exercising at least three hours before bed or work out earlier in the day.
6. Consult your doctor
Use a sleep diary and talk to your doctor. Note what type of sleep problem is affecting your sleep or if you aresleepy when you wish to be awake and alert. Try these tips and record your sleep and sleep-related activities in a sleep diary. If problems continue, discuss the sleep diary with your doctor. There may be an underlying cause and you will want to be properly diagnosed. Your doctor will help treat the problem or may refer you to a sleep specialist.
小题1:To prevent yourself from sleeping too much on weekends, you should________.
A．go lo bed 15 minutes earlier than usual
B．go to bed at usual time
C．go to bed at any time
D．make an adjustment to your bedtime
小题2:Which of the following makes it easier for you to have a sound sleep?
A．Watching violent programmesbefore going to bed.
B．Changing your bedtime only a little every day.
C．Using heavy curtains or an eye mask to block light.
D．Completing your workout just before bedtime.
小题3:The following ways can help fight after-dinner drowsinessEXCEPT_______.
A．making a telephone call
B．doing some washing
C．getting clothes ready for the next day
D．having a rest on the sofa
小题4: If your sleep problems continue, you’d better_____________
A．move into a new house
B．discuss it with your family
C．change your present job
D．turn to the doctor for help

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