题目内容
3.If I asked you to sit down and remember a list of phone numbers or a series of facts,how would you go about it?There's a fair chance that you'd be doing it wrong.One of the interesting things about the mind is that even though we all have one,we all have one,we don't have perfect insight(洞察力) into how to get the best from it.This is partly because of flaws(缺陷) in our ability to think about our own thinking.Studying this self-reflective thought process exposes human being'personal blind spots.
One area there these blind spots are particularly large is learning.We're actually surprisingly bad at having insight into how we learn best.
Researchers Jeffrey Karpicke and Henry Roediger IIII made an experiment,where they asked college students to learn pairs of Swahib and English words.So,for example,they had to learn that if they were given the Swahili word"mashua"the correct response was"boat".They could have used the sort of facts you might get on a high-school quiz,but the use of Swahili meant that there was little chance their participants could use any background knowledge to help them learn.After the pairs had all been learnt,there would be a final test a week later.
Now if many of us were revising this list we might study the list,test ourselves and then repeat this cycle,dropping items we got right.This makes studying and testing quicker and allows us to focus our effort on the things we haven't yet learnt.It's a plan that seems to make perfect sense,but that is disastrous if we really want to learn properly.
Karpicke and Roediger asked students to prepare for a test in various ways,and compared their success---for example,one group kept testing themselves on all items without dropping what they were getting right,while another group stopped testing themselves on their correct answers.On the final exam differences between the groups were dramatic.While dropping items from study didn't have much of an effect,the people who dropped items from testing performed relatively poorly.
It seems the effective way to learn is to practice getting items back from memory,not trying to consolidate(巩固) them in there by further study.Moreover,dropping items entirely from you revision,which is the advice given by many study guides,is wrong.You can stop studying them if you've learnt them,but you should keep testing what you've learnt if you want to remember them at the time of the final exam.
So the evidence has a moral for teachers:there's more to testing than finding out what students knows--tests can also help us remember.
67.According to the passage,we often fail to remember facts becauseD.
A.we ignore our weakness in memorizing things
B.we don't understand well what we are learning
C.we don't know where our metal blind spots are
D.we take improper ways to memorize for good ones
68.The researchers'experiment was intended toB.
A.confirm we don't know how to learn effectively
B.find out how we can consolidate our knowledge better
C.distinguish effects of memory in learning different languages
D.prove the importance of background knowledge in memorizing.
69.What does the authour believe leads to a good memory?A
A.Constant measure of your knowledge.
B.Frequent revision of what you learn.
C.Firm abandonment of what you're poor at.
D.Strong desire fr grasping new knowledge.
70.The proper title for the passage isC.
A.An experiment on memory
B.A concept of human memory
C.A way to improve your memory
D.A discovery of a mental blind spot.
分析 本文是一篇社会文化类阅读.文章通过实验表明提高记忆力的最佳途径就是经常测试自己的知识.
解答 67-70 DBAC
67.D.细节理解题.根据"This is partly because of flaws(缺陷) in our ability to think about our own thinking"可知有时我们记不住是因为采取了不恰当的方式.故选D.
68.B.细节理解题.根据"It seems the effective way to learn is to practice getting items back from memory,not trying to consolidate(巩固) them in there by further study."可知实验的目的是找到最好的巩固知识的方法.故选B.
69.A.推理判断题.根据"So the evidence has a moral for teachers:there's more to testing than finding out what students knows--tests can also help us remember."可知提高记忆的最佳方式是经常测试自己的知识.故选A.
70.C.主旨大意题.纵览全文并根据"If I asked you to sit down and remember a list of phone numbers or a series of facts,how would you go about it?There's a fair chance that you'd be doing it wrong."可知文章主要介绍了如何提高记忆力.故选C.
点评 本文是一篇社会文化类阅读.此类题型主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.细节理解题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题,所以在做细节理解题时要结合原文和提干有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,再结合选项选出正确答案.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要联系上下文根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.在做主旨大意题时考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点,确定主旨.
A. | are | B. | was | C. | is | D. | were |
A. | when; that | B. | until; when | C. | until; that | D. | when; then |
Finally,my teacher took me(46)B.She explained that she had written a narrator'part to the play,and asked me to switch roles.Her words,(47)Cpainful,especially when I saw my part go to(48)Agirl.
I didn't tell my mother(49)Bhad happened when I went home for lunch that day.But she sensed my(50)D,and instead of suggesting we should practice my lines,she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard.
It was a lovely spring day.I watched my mother casually bend down by one of the clumps(土块)."I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds,"she said,(51)B a flower up by its roots."From now on,we'll have only roses in this garden."
"But I like dandelions (蒲公英),"I(52)A,"All flowers are beautiful,even dandelions."
My mother looked at me seriously."Yes,every flower gives pleasure in its own way doesn't it?"She asked thoughtfully.I nodded,(53)D that I had persuaded her."And that is true of(54)C too",she added,"Not everyone can be a princess,but there is no shame in that."
Over the next few weeks,with her constant(55)B,I learned to take pride in the role.Lunchtimes were spent reading over my lines and talking about what I would wear.
Backstage the night of the performance,I felt(56)C.A few minutes before the play,my teacher(57)A to me."Your mother asked me to give this to you,"she said,handing me a (58)D.Its edges were already beginning to curl and it flopped (沉重地躺下) lazily from its item.But just(59)B it,knowing my mother was out there and thinking of our lunchtime talk,made me proud.
After the play,I took home the flower I had put in the pocket of my costume.My mother pressed it(60)A two pieces of paper in a dictionary.
41.A.which | B.when | C.while | D.after |
42.A.prince | B.narrator | C.princess | D.maid |
43.A.painstakingly | B.unwillingly | C.hardly | D.surprisingly |
44.A.And | B.So | C.But | D.As |
45.A.hand | B.mouth | C.face | D.head |
46.A.up | B.aside | C.down | D.away |
47.A.meanly | B.coolly | C.kindly | D.accidentally |
48.A.another | B.the other | C.other | D.others |
49.A.that | B.what | C.if | D.when |
50.A.surprise | B.happiness | C.anger | D.discomfort |
51.A.pushing | B.pulling | C.putting | D.taking |
52.A.protested | B.agreed | C.thought | D.insisted |
53.A.disappointed | B.frightened | C.upset | D.pleased |
54.A.plants | B.animals | C.people | D.flowers |
55.A.demand | B.encouragement | C.orders | D.suggestions |
56.A.sad | B.terrified | C.nervous | D.excited |
57.A.came over | B.turned over | C.pulled over | D.went over |
58.A.flower | B.paper | C.note | D.dandelion |
59.A.glaring at | B.looking at | C.staring at | D.watching |
60.A.between | B.on | C.in | D.among |