题目内容

4.Run,swim,lift weights,do yoga-do something,because it's good for you.Many studies tell us that regular exercise not only helps our bodies but improves memory,and eases anxiety.But what is happening to the mind during workout to create all these benefits?
A new study from Sweden suggests that a specific protein found in trained muscles might contribute to exercise's mental benefits.This protein,the researchers found,might help our bodies process molecules that,if out of balance,can stress us and contribute to depression(萎靡不振).The findings were published in the journal Cell.
To test this,the researchers kept attacking some mice with flashing lights,loud noises and interrupting their sleep for weeks.Predictably,this treatment makes the mice show signs and biochemical markers of depression.
But not all the mice showed those signs.One group,specially raised to have high levels of a protein called PGC-1alpha1 (the one in trained muscles),did not show those depression signs.PGC-1alpha1 increases production of an enzyme that breaks down a chemical called kynurenine.Kynurenine helps the body respond to an activated immune system(活性免疫系统),but it also plays a role in depression.
"Our original research assumption was that trained muscle would produce a substance(物质) with beneficial effects on the brain,"Jorge Ruas of the Karolinska Institute told Forbes.com."We actually found the opposite:well-trained muscle produces an enzyme that removes harmful substances away from the body."
This study was in mice,but it lines up nicely with all the other lines of evidence that exercise is good for mental health.

32.According to the study,which of the following is bad for your mental healthD?
A.Protein.  
B.Molecule. 
C.Enzyme. 
D.Kynurenine
33.What conclusion have the researchers drawn from the studyD?
A.Unbalanced exercise leads you to depression.
B.Well-fed mice survive better though being ill-treated.
C.Trained muscle produces a substance good for brain.
D.Regular exercise helps to clear rubbish away from body.
34.According to the last paragraph,the result of the study isA.
A.reliable
B.doubtful
C.predictable
D.ambiguous
35.What's the main idea of the passageC?
A.Why do you need regular exercise?
B.What matters most for your body?
C.How does exercise help your brain?
D.Why are mice chosen for the study?

分析 本文讲述了一项新的研究,经常锻炼不仅可以帮助我们的身体,而且可以改善记忆,锻炼能够减少焦虑.文章也详细的写出锻炼有这些好处的原因.

解答 32.D.细节理解题.根据第二段中的"A new study from Sweden suggests that a specific protein found in trained muscles might contribute to exercise's mental benefits."可知,蛋白质对身体有好处,排除A;根据第二段中的"This protein,the researchers found,might help our bodies process molecules that,if out of balance,can stress us and contribute to depression"可知,molecule失去平衡对身体不好,排除B;根据倒数第二段中的"well-trained muscle produces an enzyme that removes harmful substances away from the body",可知,酶能帮助我们排除体内垃圾,排除C;根据第四段中的"Kynurenine helps the body respond to an activated immune system,but it also plays a role in depression"可知,3-氨茴酰丙氨酸会引起人情绪低落.故选D.
33.D.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段中的"well-trained muscle produces an enzyme that removes harmful substances away from the body",可知,锻炼中产生的某些酶能帮助我们排除体内垃圾.故选D.
34.A.推理判断题.根据最后一段中的"but it lines up nicely with all the other lines of evidence that exercise is good for mental health",可知研究的结果是可靠的.故选A.
35.C.主旨大意题.文章讲述了一项新的研究,经常锻炼不仅可以帮助我们的身体,而且可以改善记忆,锻炼能够减少焦虑,而文章下文也进一步写出了其中的原因.故选C.

点评 本文是健康环保类阅读,考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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2.How many things can you see in the night sky?A lot!On a clear night you might see the Moon,some planets,and thousands of sparkling stars.
You can see even more with a telescope.You might see stars where before you only saw dark space.You might see that many stars look larger than others.You might see that some stars that look white are really red or blue.With bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky.And you can see those objects in more and more detail.
But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see.We won't see them with the biggest telescope in the world,on the clearest night of the year.
That's because they're invisible.They're the mysterious dead stars called black holes.
You might find it hard to imagine that stars die.After all,our Sun is a star.Year after year we see it up in the sky,burning brightly,giving us heat and light.The Sun certainly doesn't seem to be getting old or weak.But stars do burn out and die after billions of years.
As a star's gases burn,they give off light and heat.But when the gas runs out,the star stops burning and begins to die.
As the star cools,the outer layers of the star pull in toward the center.The star squashes into a smaller and smaller ball.If the star was very small,the star ends up as a cold,dark ball called a black dwarf.If the star was very big,it keeps squashing inward until it's packed together tighter than anything in the universe.
Imagine if the Earth were crushed until it was the size of a tiny marble.That's how tightly this dead star,a black hole,is packed.What pulls the star in toward its center with such power?It's the same force that pulls you down when you jump-the force called gravity.A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in everything-even light.The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes.That's why you see nothing but blackness.
So the next time you stare up at the night sky,remember:there's more in the sky than meets the eye!Scattered in the silent darkness are black holes-the great mystery of space.
 
66.According to the article,what causes a star to die?D
A.As it gets hotter and hotter,it explodes.
B.It collides with other stars.
C.It can only live for about a million years.
D.As its gases run out,it cools down.
67.Which of the following statements is NOT a fact?B
A.Black holes are dead stars.
B.There is nothing as mysterious as a black hole.
C.Black holes are invisible.
D.Black holes have gravity.
68.Which of the following is NOT a feature of a black dwarf?A
A.It is usually bigger than a white dwarf.
B.It is dark.
C.It is smaller in size than a common star.
D.It is cold.
69.What happens after a star dies?C
A.It burns up all of its gases.
B.It falls to Earth.
C.It becomes invisible.
D.It becomes brighter and easier to see.
70.Why can't you see light when you look at a black hole?D
A.For most black holes are so far away.
B.As the star's gases burn,it stops giving off heat and light.
C.As a star cools,its outer layers pull in toward its center.
D.The gravity of a black hole is so strong that it sucks the light inward.
16.We took a rare family road trip to the Adirondacks in late August,and it was as refreshing and exhausting as family vacations tend to be.Toward the end of our long drive home,even the kids were leaning forward in their seats urging my lead foot on.At that point in a road trip,even sixty-five miles per hour feels slow.We have become numb to our speed and numb to the road signs flashing by.
My family lives on the edge of Lancaster County.Only thirty miles from home,I hit the brakes,and we began to roll,slowly,behind a horse-drawn carriage.We began to open our eyes again.We saw familiar green hills and the farm with the best watermelons.I rolled down the windows,and we breathed again.Just-cut hay and a barn full of dairy cattle.
At five miles per hour,you remember what you forget at sixty-five.You are thinking about a place,even when you are moving from place to place.
I am a placemaker.A homemaker,too.I am a mother of a young kid at home,and also a writer and a gardener.But,for me,those roles are wrapped up with the one big thing I want to do with the rest of my life:I want to cultivate a place and share it with others.
The place I make with my family is a red-brick farmhouse built in l880.It has quite a few nineteenth-century bedrooms and a few acres of land,and we love nothing more than to fill them with neighbors and friends.We grow vegetables and flowers,keep a baker's dozen of egg-laying chickens,and,since we moved in three years ago,we have planted  many,many trees.
Living with my life's purpose does not allow for much travel.I need to be here,feeding the chickens and watering the tomatoes.Any extra in the budget,and we spend it on trees.
But I learned something at the end of our family road trip.Travel can help me in the task of caring for my own place.When I slow down and pay attention to the road between here and there,travel tells me the connections between my place and all the other places.
5.What does the author try to express in the first paragraph?C
A.The tiredness of her past family life.
B.Her disappointment at the family road trip.
C.The family's eagerness to return home.
D.Kids'excitement at driving fast on the road.
6.Why did the author slow her car some miles from her home?B
A.Because she made a way for a horse-drawn carriage.
B.Because she enjoyed the scenery along the road.
C.Because she needed a break after the long drive.
D.Because she wanted to get rid of a fast-paced life.
7.The underlined word"placemaker''in the 4th paragraph refers to someone whoD.
A.devotes most of his energy and time to building his house
B.is ready to help anyone in need in the community
C.makes a creative design for others'houses
D.is good at cultivating a place and sharing it with others
8.What can be the best title of the passage?A
A.On the Way Home         
B.Never Travel again
C.Escape from a Family Life   
D.Life on the Farm.
4.Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times,but I could hardly claim to know my way around the continent.Moreover,my knowledge of foreign languages was limited to a little college French.
I hesitated.How would I,unable to speak the language,totally unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems,set up interviews and do research?It seemed impossible,and with considerable regret.I sat down to write a letter begging off.Hallway through,a thought ran through my mind:you can't learn if you don't try.So I accepted the assignment.
There were some bad moments.But by the time I had finished the trip I was ail experienced traveler.And ever since,I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places,without guides or even advanced bookings,confident that somehow I will manage.
The point is that the new,the different,is almost scary by definition.But each time you try something,you learn,and as the learning piles up,the world opens to you.
I've learned to ski at 40,and flown up the Rhine River in a balloon.And I know I'll go on doing such things.It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others.I'm not.But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can accomplish wonders.
56.The author accepted the assignment becauseD
A.he had never travelled abroad before
B.he hardly knew any foreign languages
C.he was familiar with any other country in Europe
D.he would learn something new and different by trying
57.Which of the following statements is TRUE?B
A.The author had been abroad only twice.
B.The author thought the trip was hard but worthwhile.
C.The author admitted that anything different was terrible.
D.The author must be good at doing research and making interviews.
58.We can infer from the text that the author isD
A.awkward  B.generous C.stubborn D.brave
59.What's the best title of the text?C
A.An Interesting Trip Abroad   B.My First Writing Assignment
C.Ready to Try and Challenge   D.How to Be Daring and Brave.
9.A new study finds that combining music therapy(疗法)  with a standard treatment for depression-medication,plus psychotherapy and counseling (辅导)-improves patient outcomes.
Researchers invited 79people between the ages of 18and 50years old who had been diagnosed with depression.33of the participants were offered 20music therapy sessions,in addition to their usual treatment for depression.The other 46participants received stan dard treatment,and acted as the control group.The one-on-one music therapy sessions each lasted 60 minutes and took place twice a week.Trained music therapists helped each participant to improvise(即兴创作)music.
On average,each participant attended 18 music therapy sessions,29 individuals(88 percent)attended at least 15 sessions.The participants in both groups were followed up at three and six months and assessed for symptoms of depression and anxiety.
 In the final analysis,researchers discovered that after three months of participation,individuals who received music therapy showed greatly fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety,and scored better on general functioning.Although improvements still remainded after six months,the difference between the groups was no longer statistically significant.
Co-researcher Christian Gold,Ph.D.,explained the study findings:"Our trial has shown that music therapy,when added to standard care including  medication,psychotherapy and counseling(商讨),helps people to improve their levels of depression and anxiety.Music therapy has specific qualities that allow people to express themselves and interact in  a non-verbal way-even when they cannot find the words to describe their inner experiences."
 Given the success of the study,researchers say it needs to be repeated with a larger sample of people,and that further research is needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of sucha therapy.
Outside experts believe this study shows that music therapy is an effective addition to traditional therapy and improves outcomes.Mike Crawford,M.D.,said,"This is a high-quality randomized(随机的)trialof music therapy specifically for depression,and the results suggest that it can improve the mood and general functioning of people with depression".

64.A standard treatment for depression includes all the following ways EXCEPTA
A.Music therapy
B.Medication
C.Psychotherapy
D.Counseling
65.What do we know about the experiment?C
A.79patients between 18and 50years old received music therapy.
B.All the 79patients attended at least 18music therapy sessions.
C.33of the participants received music therapy for two hours a week.
D.The experimental group and the control group had the same population.
66.Why does music therapy help people to improve their levels of depression and anxiety?A
A.People can express themselves and interact without using words.
B.People are very proud of creating music themselves.
C.People can release their feelings and become stronger.
D.People may feel more relaxed and excited.
67.From which part of a newspaper in this passage most probably taken?D
A.Technology.
B.Business.
C.Entertainment.
D.Health.
16.Breakfast is not only the first meal of the day;it is also the most important meal.(36)A Coffee does not count as breakfast.I am talking about food that will sustain(支撑)you for a few hours.Below are some easy breakfast ideas that you can prepare at home.
1.Casseroles are great for a healthy breakfast.They can be made with ingredients that you like.If you don't have time to cook breakfast like bacon and eggs in the morning.you can prepare breakfast the night before.What I usually do is prepare breakfast for the whole week and freeze it.(37)C.
2.(38)G It is not only economical;it can be a very healthy choice if you choose regular yogurt.You can add some fresh or dried fruit to the yogurt.The fruit will not only provide essential vitamins and minerals but energy to get you through until lunch.
3.Breakfast sandwiches are also a good breakfast idea.What you need to have on hand are chicken,cheese,ham or whatever you like plus some vegetables like lettuce and tomatoes.You can make them and toast them the night before. (39)B In the morning,you would heat them up,add your toppings and you will have a very quick breakfast.
You can use these ideas. (40)E You can even use things you have in your cupboard to create delicious breakfasts.Now that you have some ideas to create healthy breakfast,you will not skip breakfast or go to the drive through to pick up breakfast.

A.After we have been fasting all night while sleeping,we need food to get us going.
B.Then,cut them into quarters and store them in the fridge overnight.
C.Then all I have to do in the morning is to steam it or microwave it.
D.Yon have to get up early to prepare for a rich breakfast.
E.You may also think up other breakfast ideas
F.If you add bacteria to milk,you get yogurt.
G.Yogurt is another breakfast idea.

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