Bar codes are one way that the U.S. Postal Service streamlines mail of the wrong hands. A letter that comes without a bar code or cancelled stamp might not have been processed by the U.S. Postal Servi 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Bar codes are one way that the U.S. Postal Service streamlines mail of the wrong hands. A letter that comes without a bar code or cancelled stamp might not have been processed by the U.S. Postal Service and it might indicate that something's fishy.（可疑的）Can you decode a bar code the way the U.S. Postal Service can?

Here’s How

1．Here's how to read the bar code on your letter.

·Most U.S. letter bar codes have bars of two lengths: long and short.

·Every bar code should start and end with long bars; ignore those.

·Look at the rest of the bars in groups of five, starting with the second bar. Each group of five represents one digit.（数字）

2. Here's how to figure out what those digits are.

·The five bars stand for one of these numbers: 7, 4, 2, 1, 0.

·Some genius figured out that this range would allow you to come up with the digits 0 to 9. You do it by adding the numbers of the long bars together.

Say you have this bar code:

Here, the 4 and 2 places have long bars. Added together, they total 6, so this bar code stands for 6.

Say you have this bar code:

The 1 and 0 places have long bars. Added together, they total 1, so this bar code stands for 1.

Say you have this bar code:

The 7 and 4 pieces have long bars. Added together, they total 11, but there is no 11 in this system, so this bar code stands for 0.

3. Now let's look at the bar code on a letter.

Ignore the first and last bars of the whole bar code. Then look at the next 20 bars to find the zip code (0680). The next two sets of five bars give your mail carrier’s number (10153). The rest of the bars in the bar code indicate the house or maibox number. The house number is 32.

63．Why does US Postal Service just use five numbers for the five bars?

A．They are easy to read. B．They are ohosen only by accident.

C．They can stand for the long bars. D．They are enough to make ten digits.

64．Which of the following bar codes otands for “7” according to the text?

65．According to the text, we know that .

A．the bar code often beings with a short bar

B．the last short her is often ignored

C．the mail route should follow the zip code

D．the bar code can show your house color

66．The purpose of the text is to let us know how to .

A．create a bar code B．recognize a bar code

C．send a letter D．make the maibox safe

DBCB

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Surgical teams accidentally leave clamps, sponges and other tools inside about 1,500 patients nationwide each year.
The mistakes largely result not from surgeon tiredness, but from the stress arising from emergencies or complications(并发症) discovered on the operating table, the researchers reported.
The study found that emergency operations are nine times more likely to lead to such mistakes, and operating–room complications requiring a change in procedure are four times more likely.
It also happens more often to fat patients, simply because there is more room inside them to lose equipment, according to the study.
Two–thirds of the mistakes happened even though the equipment was counted before and after the procedure, in keeping with the standard practice.
Most lost objects were sponges, but also included were metal clamps and electrodes(电极). In two cases, 11–inch retractors (牵引器) metal strips were forgotten inside patients. In another operation, four sponges were left inside someone. When there is significant bleeding and a sponge is placed in a patient, it can sometimes look indistinguishable from the tissue around it.
The lost objects usually lay around the abdomen (腹腔) or hips but sometimes in the chest. They often caused tears or infections. Most patients needed additional surgery to remove the object. In other cases, patients even sensed nothing about the object, and it turned up in later surgery for other problems.
To prevent such mistakes from happening, Loyola University Medical Center is becoming one of the first hospitals in the country to use sponges outfitted with bar codes. The new system was brought to Loyola through the efforts of the hospital’s operating room nurses.
Another effective way is to X–ray patients after surgery to reduce the likelihood of objects being left inside patients.
【小题1】In which of the following situations are objects most likely to be left inside a patient?

A．The nurses are counting the equipment and the patient is being X–rayed.

B．The surgeons are doing the last operation of the day, and everyone is exhausted.

C．unexpected happens and some changes must be made in the procedure.

D．A complex operation is going on according to the plan made by many experts.

【小题2】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Such mistakes happen more often to fat patients.

B．1,500 patients suffer from the mistake all over the world every year.

C．X–ray examination can help to find the lost objects.

D．The mistake largely results from stress rather than tiredness.

【小题3】What can we infer from the passage?

A．Surgical teams aren’t to blame for the mistakes.

B．Some people never know there is something left inside their body.

C．Most mistakes happen because equipment isn’t counted after the procedure.

D．Only some small objects may be left inside the patients.

【小题4】What is the best title for the passage?

A．Never Trust Anyone	B．A Mistake in the Operating Room
C．Carelessness and Mistakes	D．Tips for Patient Safety

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 【小题1】 of our mother’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It’s 【小题2】 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 【小题3】 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 【小题4】 for facial recognition.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 【小题5】 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 【小题6】 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 【小题7】 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 【小题8】 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 【小题9】 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the 1. of our mother’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It’s 2. how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 3. such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 4. for facial recognition.

Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 5. a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 6. in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 7. thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 8. involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 9. is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.

Surgical teams accidentally leave clamps, sponges and other tools inside about 1,500 patients nationwide each year.

The mistakes largely result not from surgeon tiredness, but from the stress arising from emergencies or complications(并发症) discovered on the operating table, the researchers reported.

The study found that emergency operations are nine times more likely to lead to such mistakes, and operating–room complications requiring a change in procedure are four times more likely.

It also happens more often to fat patients, simply because there is more room inside them to lose equipment, according to the study.

Two–thirds of the mistakes happened even though the equipment was counted before and after the procedure, in keeping with the standard practice.

Most lost objects were sponges, but also included were metal clamps and electrodes(电极). In two cases, 11–inch retractors (牵引器) metal strips were forgotten inside patients. In another operation, four sponges were left inside someone. When there is significant bleeding and a sponge is placed in a patient, it can sometimes look indistinguishable from the tissue around it.

The lost objects usually lay around the abdomen (腹腔) or hips but sometimes in the chest. They often caused tears or infections. Most patients needed additional surgery to remove the object. In other cases, patients even sensed nothing about the object, and it turned up in later surgery for other problems.

To prevent such mistakes from happening, Loyola University Medical Center is becoming one of the first hospitals in the country to use sponges outfitted with bar codes. The new system was brought to Loyola through the efforts of the hospital’s operating room nurses.

Another effective way is to X–ray patients after surgery to reduce the likelihood of objects being left inside patients.

1.In which of the following situations are objects most likely to be left inside a patient?

A．The nurses are counting the equipment and the patient is being X–rayed.

B．The surgeons are doing the last operation of the day, and everyone is exhausted.

C．unexpected happens and some changes must be made in the procedure.

D．A complex operation is going on according to the plan made by many experts.

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Such mistakes happen more often to fat patients.

B．1,500 patients suffer from the mistake all over the world every year.

C．X–ray examination can help to find the lost objects.

D．The mistake largely results from stress rather than tiredness.

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A．Surgical teams aren’t to blame for the mistakes.

B．Some people never know there is something left inside their body.

C．Most mistakes happen because equipment isn’t counted after the procedure.

D．Only some small objects may be left inside the patients.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A．Never Trust Anyone B．A Mistake in the Operating Room

C．Carelessness and Mistakes D．Tips for Patient Safety

The passport photographs of the future could turn out to be more than just another pretty picture if a new computer technique developed by Israeli scientists catches on.

Researchers at Ben-Gurion University, in Israel, have invented a way to hide information such as a fingerprint or signature in color images. They believe this could improve passport safety or be used to produce product bar codes(条形码) or designs that cannot be seen.

“The papers can be faxed, scanned(扫描) and reprinted without hidden data disappearing,” New Scientist magazine said last week.

Joseph Rosen and a team of scientists worked out the new instrument by creating a mathematical model.

The model turns a fingerprint or signature into a series of numbers which are used to shape the dots that make up a color picture.

“Each dot can be forced out of the usual place slightly without noticeably changing the final appearance of the image,” the magazine said.

Several images that can be hidden in a single picture are scanned into a computer which does the work.

The hidden images or fingerprints cannot be shown until the picture is scanned again.

The computer rebuilds the fingerprint by measuring the displacement of the dots in the picture.

The magazine said that if he model is used for passport checkpoints the picture can be unscrambled(解码) to show the fingerprint or signature and checked against the person holding the passport.

The researchers are now working on a handheld, and instrument which could make unscrambling the hidden information easier.

1. The new passport photos will probably contain all EXCEPT _____.

A．one’s picture	B．one’s fingerprint
C．one’s signature	D．one’s blood type

2. The writer probably got the information about the new passport photos from ___.

A．Israeli scientists

B．a radio or TV

C．a newspaper

D．a magazine

3.What is the best title for the passage?

A．A New Computer Technique by Israeli Scientists

B．A New Way t Hide Information

C．The New Passport Photo: More Than Meets the Eye

D．Safe Passport Photos

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