Question

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

A castle is a type of fortified（加固的）structure 【1】 (build) in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages. This is different from a palace 【2】 is not fortified, though there are a large number of 【3】 (similarity) among these types of construction. Since then usage of the term 【4】 (apply) to diverse structures.

The European castles 【5】 (origin) in the 9th and 10th centuries, resulting in its land divided among nobles, who built castles to control the area 【6】 (surround) them. The castles were also 【7】 (defense) structures. Although army uses are often emphasized in castle studies, the structures also served 【8】 centers of administration and symbols of power. Urban castles were 【9】 (usual) used to control the local people and important travel routes, 【10】 rural castles were often built near farmland.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】built

【2】which/that

【3】similarities

【4】has been applied

【5】originated

【6】surrounding

【7】defensive

【8】as

【9】usually

【10】and/while

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述欧洲城堡的历史及其功能的变化。

【1】built structure与built是被动关系，故用过去分词，填built。

【2】which/that 此处a palace作先行词，指物，后面的定语从句缺少主语，缺少引导词，故填which/that。

【3】similarities a large number of后面跟可数名词复数，故填similarities。

【4】has been applied 根据Since then可知，用现在完成时态，再根据句意可知，用现在完成时态的被动语态，故填has been applied。

【5】originated 根据后面的in the 9th and 10th centuries可知，用一般过去时态，故填originated。

【6】surrounding 表示“环绕它们的地区”。area与surround是主动关系，故此处用现在分词作后置定语，故填surrounding。

【7】defensive 形容词修饰名词，故填defensive。

【8】as 固定词组：serve as，意为“充当，担任”，故填as。

【9】usually 副词修饰动词，故填usually。

【10】and/while 此处指的是城市城堡和农村城堡，即可表示递进关系也可表示比较关系，故填and/while。

【名师点拨】

含 as 的动词短语

1. consider...as = look upon / on...as = treat...as = regard...as = think...as 把……认为是……

2.act as 担任；起……的作用

3.serve as 当，充当

4.work as 当，充当

5. use...as把……用作……

【例句】 He acted as chairman in my absence. 我不在时他担任主席。

He serves as a waiter in a restaurant. 他在一家餐馆里当服务员。