题目内容

It doesn’t matter when and how much a person sleeps , but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. That’s what all doctors thought , until they heard about Herpin. Herpin, it was said , never slept. Could this be true? The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.
Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. So they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. But they were surprised. Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day, they never saw him sleeping. In fact, he did not even own a bed. He never needed one.
The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. They asked him many questions, hoping to find an answer. They found only one answer that might explain his condition. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all. Was this the real reason? No one could be sure. Herpin died at the age of 94.
小题1:The main idea of this passage is that_____
A．large numbers of people do not need sleep
B．a person was found who actually didn’t need any sleep
C．everyone needs some sleep to stay alive
D．people can live longer by trying not to sleep
小题2:The doctors came to visit Herpin, expecting_____
A．to cure him of his sleeplessness
B．to find that his sleeplessness was not really true
C．to find out why some old people did not need any sleep
D．to find a way to free people from the need of sleeping
小题3:After watching him closely, the doctors came to believe that Herpin_____
A．needed some kind of sleep
B．was too old to need any sleep
C．needed no sleep at all
D．often sleep in a chair
小题4:One reason that might explain Herpin’s sleeplessness was _____
A．his mother’s injury before he was born
B．that he had gradually got rid of the sleeping habit
C．his magnificent physical condition
D．that he hadn’t got a bed
小题5:Herpin’s condition could be regarded as ______
A．a common one B．one that could be curedC．very healthyD．a rare one

小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D

试题分析：本文叙述了医生跟踪调查Herpin的不睡觉之谜，90岁高龄的老人Herpin住在新泽西，医生去老人的家里去观察老人一天的活动情况，结果发现老人确实一天不用睡觉，其实他连床都没有，他唯一的休息方式就是坐在椅子上看报，通过和老人交谈得知老人在他出生前他的母亲曾经受过伤，这可能就是老人不需睡觉的原因所在。
小题1:这是细节理解题。根据The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.和整篇短文来看主要讲述的是关于Herpin的情况，故选B。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind.医生来之前不相信他不睡觉，所以希望发现他不睡觉这事不是真的，故选B。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. hey found only one answer that might explain his condition. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all. 通过观察老人和他交谈医生得知老人没有床也不用睡觉，故选C。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all通过和老人交谈医生得知老人在他出生前他的母亲曾经受过伤，这可能就是老人不需睡觉的原因所在，故选A。
小题5:这是细节理解题。根据everyone needs some rest to stay alive.每个人都需睡觉才能活着，所以说Herpin 是特例，故选D。
点评：细节理解题为阅读考题的重头戏，所占比例很高，相对而言较简单，因为这类题虽然要求理解准确，但基本上限于字面意义的理解，范围也限于局部，因此是我们可望得高分的部分。细节题绝大部分体现“中心思想是解”这一原理。本文都是细节理解题，在文中比较容易找到答案。
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Everyone needs water and a diet ___小题1:___healthy foods. These foods should __小题2:___some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.
People need energy to live. They eat all kinds of foods___小题3:__change into energy. Our bodies use different __小题4:___of energy. The energy is measured in calories(卡路里).The more __小题5:___we take, the more calories we burn. Even when you are _小题6:___you are using energy ---about 65calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is __小题7:__up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On _小题8:___Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as___小题9:__as 650 calories an hour.
The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is __小题10:___in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many___小题11:___countries in the world. That is __小题12:___lots of people in China have white teeth.
People in the western world do no eat ___小题13:__healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and don’t take __小题14:___exercise.Because of this, they _小题15:___weight very easily. In order to __小题16:___with the quick pace(步伐)of their life and work , they eat a lot of fast food . They eat a lot of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisp, chocolates, butter and ice cream and so on, ___小题17:__are called __小题18:__food by some epicureans (美食家).The result is that many of them become fat. In order to avoid __小题19:___fat and __小题20:___it is advisable (明智的)to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie rating.
小题21:
A．aboveB．OfC．atD．over
小题22:
A．includeB．holdC．containD．make up
小题23:
A．whichB．whatC．WhereD．it
小题24:
A．numbersB．amountsC．plentyD．deal
小题25:
A．exerciseB．lessonC．sport D．games
小题26:
A．wakenB．runningC．workingD．asleep
小题27:
A．runningB．addingC．burningD．wasting
小题28:
A．ChildrenB．WorkC．SportsD．Teacher
小题29:
A．muchB．manyC．fewD．little
小题30:
A．poorB．lowC．richD．plenty
小题31:
A．moreB．otherC．restD．others
小题32:A why         B. because  C. because of  D. since
小题33:A so          B. very     C. much       D. such
小题34:
A．a number ofB．too muchC．masses of D．enough
小题35:
A．lose weightB．put onC．dieD．stay healthy
小题36:
A．keep upB．carry onC．keep onD．go on
小题37:
A．asB．theseC．whichD．they
小题38:
A．badB．diseaseC．healthyD．junk
小题39:
A．to getB．becomingC．to becomeD．get
小题40:
A．keep thinB．keep fitC．stay calm D．fall ill
Teenagers who do not get enough of the nutrients commonly found in fruits and fish are easier to have bad lungs, coughing and wheezing （喘息）．Teens who eat the least of fruit and especially vitamin C have weaker lungs compared to the others．
Teens who take in less vitamin E, found in vegetable oil and nuts, are more likely to have asthma（哮喘）, Jane Bums at the Harvard School of Public Health found.
Based on these findings．Bums said that current recommended dose（一剂）of vitamin C, 85 mg a day, may not be enough for teens to have healthy lungs．Teens who eat less fruit and don't take in enough fatty acids （脂肪酸） are more likely to have asthma and the signs of breathing difficulty．
Proper amounts of fatty acids are protective, Bums said, though fish, the best source of fatty acids, is particularly unpopular with teenagers．Fatty acids are also found in some nuts as well as some green vegetables'．Smokers who avoid vitamin C will increase their chances of coughing, wheezing and developing phlegm（痰）．
More than 80 percent of teens are getting their recommended doses of vitamin C - mainly from fruit drinks．"I wouldn't approve of drinking them, but at least they're getting their vitamin C from somewhere," Burns said．
Burns added that there are several different ways to get the necessary nutrients．"I think vitamin supplements are fine．I think adding vitamin D to orange juice is fine．But I do think there are added benefits that we don't fully understand of eating whole foods like fruits and vegetables and fish," she said．The researchers did not account for poverty and other factors that often distinguish less-healthy eaters and may explain their findings．
小题1:According to the passage, what is the problem with teens who don't get enough nutrients?
A．They are becoming smokers．B．They don't take enough exercise．
C．They eat too much fruit and fish．D．They are likely to have weaker lungs．
小题2:According to Burns, how should teens get the necessary nutrients?
A．By drinking juice as much as possible．
B．By eating more whole foods．
C．By taking vitamin pills．
D．By giving up smoking．
小题3:Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the researchers in the passage?
A．The amount of nutrients teens should take in a day．
B．How teens can take in enough nutrients．
C．Whether poor teens can prove their findings．
D．The fact that teens don't like fish．
小题4:What is the best title for the passage?
A．Poor nutrition hurts teens' health．B．Teens lack proper nutrition．
C．Teens are easy to suffer from diseases．D．More fruit help keep teens healthy．
Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (老化). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a break every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight form UV rays.
Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly (定期地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person's eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
小题1:_____ is the most important way to protect our eyes.
A．Seeing the doctorB．Taking medicine
C．Natural eye careD．Being happy all the time
小题2:All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except _______.
A．ageB．heightC．readingD．computers
小题3:What should you do if you have to work in front of the computer?
A．Eat healthy foods.B．Have a rest after working for a while.
C．Wear a pair of sunglasses.D．Clean the eye by using cold water
小题4:Which is the best title of the passage?
A．Ways of Being HappyB．Ways of Eye Exercises
C．Ways of Eye CareD．Ways of Being Healthy
The poorer mental function seen among alcoholics，many of whom also regularly smoke cigarettes，may be partly due to the long term effects of nicotine(尼古丁)，new research suggests.
“People who are also smokers are at a much higher risk，” Dr.Jennifer  M.Glass of the University of Michigan's Addiction Research Center said. In her study，“Cigarette smoking has a bad effect on IQ and thinking，” she said.
This finding may seem counterintuitive(违反直觉的)，since many smokers show that they feel quicker and focused after smoking. Indeed，research shows that improved mental functioning is one of the immediate effects of nicotine exposure. Chronic(慢性的)smoking，however，is known to have the opposite effect. Studies show that up to 87 percent of alcoholics smoke cigarettes.
Yet，few studies have looked into cigarette smoking as a factor that might explain the cognitive(认知的)lack reported among alcoholics. To search for that association，Glass and her colleagues examined brain function among 172 men from the same area，including 103 men who abused alcohol. The team found that men with higher scores on the lifetime alcohol problems scale(LAPS)and those who reported a higher number of pack years of smoking both had lower IQ scores.
Upon further research，the researchers found that smoking also appeared to be independently associated  with weaker word and space reasoning.
Thus，though smoking did not account for all of the decreased mental functioning observed among the alcohol abusers，it did seem to account for some of the effects，the report indicates.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．Cigarette smoking contributes to decreased IQ and thinking.
B．Alcohol abuse is to blame for the poorer mental function.
C．Most of the alcoholics are also heavy smokers.
D．Non-smokers mostly have higher IQ scores.
小题2:The underline sentence “Chronic smoking, however, is known to have opposite effect” in paragraph 3  suggests:
A．Chronic smoking can improve mental functioning.
B．Chronic smoking has an immediate influence on mental functioning.
C．Chronic smoking has side effect on mental functioning improvement.
D．Chronic smokers feel quicker and focused after smoking.
小题3:From the passage we can learn that .
A．cigarette smoking is not related to reasoning
B．nicotine exposure can improve mental functioning temporarily
C．the long term effects of nicotine cause alcoholics
D．men with lower scores on the LAPS have lower IQ scores
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that .
A．many alcoholics suffer a great deal from smoking
B．giving up smoking is significantly challenging for the alcoholics
C．alcoholics who do not smoke much have higher IQ scores
D．other factors can cause the poorer mental functioning besides smoking
小题5:The purpose of this passage is .
A．to warn us of the bad effects of smoking on IQ and thinking
B．to tell us why people are addicted to smoking
C．to give us some advice on how to improve IQ and reasoning
D．to compare the bad effects of alcohol and cigarette
I met Ryan, a young man with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), in my biology class. My simple "Hello!" and his cheerful reply were the   36  to our friendship from the first day of school. There was a time when Ryan was not able to come to school. He was in a great deal of   37    after having a surgery on his legs, but he   38  his sufferings from everyone.
In our junior year, we found that we didn't   39  a single class. This was not a problem, though. We just talked a little more in the hallway   40  passing periods. That year seemed to fly by. One day, Ryan asked me to hold the torch (火炬) runner's flag that would   41  the spot where Ryan would   42  his Olympic torch run. He gently explained that he would be honored   43  I would accept this position for him. The Olympic committee sent a letter saying that the person that holds the flag for him must be someone   44  to him. He said I was the only true friend he had   45  made that talked to HIM and not to his wheel chair. How could I   46  such a request?
On the morning of June 5th, as I walked down the sidewalk, my heart   47  and my mind became a factory of questions. I kept wondering how everything was going to happen and how Ryan would   48  the huge crowd of thousands of people.
After the van arrived, the other runners got out and lined up outside the van, chanting his name, "Ryan! Ryan!" Then all of the people   49  in, “Ryan! Ryan!” The lift then lowered Ryan to the ground. There he was, in all his   50 .
It all became slow motion at the sight of the arriving torch. The runner lit Ryan's torch and then Ryan began his   51 . As he took off down the street, the chanting became louder and louder. The   52  filled the air and even I felt like I was on cloud number nine. I could not have been any prouder of Ryan！ He   53  this moment in time --a historic moment--a moment that he was a part of and   54  me to be a part of, too.
Mr. Weinheimer, the next torch runner, bent over and gave Ryan a hug. That moment will last in time forever. It symbolized the whole   55  of the flame: love, excitement, enthusiasm, brotherhood, and life of any man. The flame united us all and showed that love is really what makes this small world go around after all.
小题1:
A．solutions B．keys C．routes D．responses
小题2:
A．danger B．fear C．painD．puzzle
小题3:
A．hid B．preventedC．released D．relieved
小题4:
A．change B．miss C．attend D．share
小题5:
A．except B．for C．during D．before
小题6:
A．mark B．test C．number D．decorate
小题7:
A．cover B．begin C．continue D．lead
小题8:
A．while B．although C．if D．unless
小题9:
A．polite B．kind C．grateful D．important
小题10:
A．everB．never C．also D．even
小题11:
A．admit B．refuse C．make D．repeat
小题12:
A．ached B．raced C．stopped D．sank
小题13:
A．explain to B．differ fromC．respond toD．call on
小题14:
A．joined B．stepped C．poured D．broke
小题15:
A．potential B．preference C．glory D．surprise
小题16:
A．training B．journey C．life D．struggle
小题17:
A．anxiety B．satisfactionC．harmony D．excitement
小题18:
A．deserved B．recalled C．treasured D．chose
小题19:
A．promised B．encouragedC．allowed D．followed
小题20:
A．mystery B．power C．informationD．meaning
Eating a diet high in processed food increases the risk of depression, research suggests. What's more, people who ate plenty of vegetables, fruit and fish actually had a lower risk of depression, the University College London team found.
Data on diet among 3,500 middle-aged civil servants were compared with their emotional state five years later, a British journal reported. They split the participants into two types of diet--those who ate a diet largely based on whole food，which includes lots of fruit, vegetables and fish，and those who ate a mainly processed food diet, such as sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat，refined grains and high fat dairy products After accounting for factors such as gender, age, education, physical activity, smoking habits and chronic(慢性的) diseases, they found a significant difference in the future depression risk with the different diets.
Those who ate the most wholefood had a 26% lower risk of future depression than those who ate the least wholefood. By contrast, people with a diet high in processed food had a 58％ higher risk of depression than those who ate a diet low in processed foods.
Study author Dr. Archana Singh Manoux pointed out there was a chance that the finding could be explained by lifestyle factor they had not accounted for. He also pointed in a paper that a Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of depression, but the problem with that is if you live in Britain, the likelihood of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high.
Dr．Andrew McCulloeh, chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation, said, this study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health.
He added people's diets were becoming increasingly unhealthy. The UK population is consuming less nutritious, fresh produce and more saturated fats and sugars.
小题1:The text is mainly about         .
A．the increasingly unhealthy diet of the UK population
B．the link between processed food and depression
C．the relationship between physical and mental health
D．the emotional state of the British People
小题2:What do we know about the participants?
A．They are of different ages from young to old.
B．They are from different walks of life.
C．They chose the diet they preferred.
D．Their state are also affected by other factors.
小题3:What can we learn from what Dr. Archana Singh Manoux said?
A．It is difficult for most British people to have a Mediterranean diet.
B．The Mediterranean diet is the most healthy in the world.
C．Many studies have been done on the Mediterranean diet before.
D．The Mediterranean diet is not good for depression.
小题4:Dr. Andrew McCulloch agrees that         .
A．our diets are closely related to our mental health
B．the present study needs more facts and other information
C．the UK population will become ill in the near future
D．more saturated fats and sugars should be taken in
小题5:Why might the author have written this text?
A．To tell people what a healthy diet actually is.
B．To prove people’s diets are increasingly unhealthy.
C．To encourage people to cut down on processed food.
D．To introduce some experts on the research team.

Is there anything more important than health? I don’t think so. “Health is the greatest wealth(财富),” wise people say. You can’t be good at your studies or work well when you are ill.　　     
Speaking about health, I can’t help telling you a funny story.　　
An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease.　   
He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor advised him to follow the rule: “Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.” The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day.　　
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office. He looked cheerful and happy. He thanked the doctor and said that he had never felt a healthier man.　　
“But you know, doctor,” he said, “it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age.”
小题1:The writer thinks that 　　　　.
A．health is more important than wealth
B．work is as important as studies
C．medicine is more important than pleasure
D．nothing is more important than money
小题2:. The doctor usually tells his patient what to do 　　　　.
A．without examining the patient
B．after he has examined the patient
C．if the patient doesn’t take medicine
D．unless the patient feels pain
小题3: The underlined part means “　　　　”.
A．he will be well againB．he wasn’t a healthy man
C．he was feeling worse than beforeD．he was feeling better than ever
小题4: From the last sentence of the passage, we learn the man 　　　　 before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day.
A．didn’t smokeB．has smoked so much
C．was a heavy smokerD．began to learn to smoke
Most people feel lonely sometimes，but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours，This kind of loneliness is not serious．In fact，it is quite normal．For some people，though，loneliness can last for years．Now researchers say loneliness comes in three different types．
The first kind of loneliness is temporary．This is the most common type．It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention．The second kind is situation，for example，family problem，the death of a loved one，or moving to a new place．Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems，such as headaches and sleeplessness，it usually does not last for more than a year．The third kind of loneliness is the most serious．Unlike the second type, chronic (the opposite of‘temporary’) usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause．People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others．Unfortunately，many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition．
Psychologists(心理学家) agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts，for example，friends，family members，co-workers，etc．We depend on various people for different reasons．For instance．our family give us emotional support，our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our fiends share similar interests and activities．
However，psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts，they sometimes feel they should have more．They question their popularity．
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons：they are unhappy and unable to socialize arid there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease，while temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad，and sometimes dangerous condition．
小题1:How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?
A．Talk to friends．
B．Go to see a doctor．
C．Just ignore it．
D．Ask your teacher for guidance．
小题2:Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?
A．Chronic loneliness can cause family problems．
B．Chronic loneliness is incurable．
C．Chronic loneliness can not be overcome．
D．Chronic loneliness call cause serious illness．
小题3:Loneliness is divided according to ________．
A．the time it lasts
B．the places where it appears
C．different people it happen to
D．different seasons when it appears

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