题目内容
Success is often measured by the ability to overcome adversity. But, it is often the belief of others that gives us the courage to try.
J. K. Rowling, author of the Harry Potter book series, began writing at age 6. In her biography, she remembers with great fondness when her good friend, Sean, whom she met in secondary school, became the first person to encourage her and help build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer.
“He was the first person with whom I really discussed my serious ambition to be a writer. He was also the only person who thought I was bound to be a success at it, which meant much more to me than I ever told him at the time.”
Despite many setbacks Rowling persevered in her writing, particularly fantasy stories. But it wasn't until l990 that she first conceived the idea about Harry Potter. As she recalls, it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that “the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head. To my immense frustration(沮丧), I didn't have a functioning pen with me, and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one. I think, now, that this was probably a good thing, because I simply sat and thought, for four(delayed train) hours, and all the details bubbled up in my brain, and this scrawny, black-haired, bespectacled boy who didn't know he was a wizard became more and more real to me.”
That same year, her mother passed away after a ten-year battle with multiple sclerosis, which deeply affected her writing. She went on to marry and had a daughter, but separated from her husband shortly afterwards.
During this time, Rowling was diagnosed with clinical depression. Unemployed, she completed her first novel in area cafes, where she could get her daughter to fall asleep. After being rejected by l2 publishing houses, the first Harry Potter novel was sold to a small British publishing house.
Now with seven books that have sold nearly 400 million copies in 64 languages, J. K. Rowling is the highest earning novelist in history. And it all began with her commitment to writing that was fostered by the confidence of a friend !
【小题1】Who believed J. K. Rowling was to be a good writer?
| A．Her friend Sean. | B．Her mother. | C．Her daughter. | D．Her husband. |
| A．at the age of 6 | B．on a train journey |
| C．after her mother's death | D．in her secondary school |
| A．her train was delayed for four hours |
| B．she didn't have a pen with her |
| C．her mind suddenly went blank |
| D．no one would offer her help |
| A．open-minded | B．warm-hearted | C．good-natured | D．strong-willed |
| A．hardship makes a good novelist |
| B．the courage to try is a special ability |
| C．you can have a wonderful idea everywhere |
| D．encouragement contributes to one's success |
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【小题5】D
解析试题分析：本文叙述著名作家罗琳的写作史，她在小的时候受到好朋友的鼓励开始写作，有一次她在火车上突发了写哈利波特的想法，她经历了失去亲人的痛苦，还有自己又得了抑郁症，外加上自己写的小说被12家出版社拒绝，这些都没有击倒过她，她最后还是成功了。
【小题1】这是细节理解题。根据Sean, whom she met in secondary school, became the first person to encourage her and help build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer.是她的好朋友Sean相信她会成为一名作家，故选A。
【小题2】这是细节理解题。根据But it wasn't until l990 that she first conceived the idea about Harry Potter. As she recalls, it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that “the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head.是在火车上产生这种想法的， 可知故选B。
【小题3】这是细节理解题。根据To my immense frustration(沮丧), I didn't have a functioning pen with me, and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one. 令她沮丧的是她当时她没有笔，故选B。
【小题4】这是推理判断题。根据第五六段可知，罗琳母亲去世，自己又患上抑郁症，自己写的小说曾被12家出版社拒绝出版，但是她仍然坚持，可以推知她是一个有坚强意志的人，故选D。
【小题5】这是主旨大意题。根据Success is often measured by the ability to overcome adversity. But, it is often the belief of others that gives us the courage to try.别人的鼓励有助于自己的成功，故选D。
考点：这是人物传记类阅读。
点评：阅读理解的主旨大意题其实主要考查考生把握全文内容或理解文章中心思想的能力以及分析归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征和写作特点等方面的能力。文章的主旨大意明确了，若还具备分析长难句的能力，难的试题也会迎刃而解了。
新课标阶梯阅读训练系列答案If I have to choose three critical factors in achieving success in my career,
these would be my choices—belief, action and discipline.
Belief
In order to achieve success in your career, you have to first believe. You need to believe that you can achieve it. You need to have faith in your goals and your path to success. Once your mind is convinced that you can do it, everything is possible. Belief is the “mind and heart” part of the three critical success factors.
Action
Nothing moves until you do something. Believing alone is not going to achieve anything. It must be followed up with concrete action. Your plan for career success is nothing unless you act upon it wholeheartedly. When you act upon what you believe, there is focus. And there is energy. That energy propels (drive forward) you to greater heights. Action is the “hands and legs” part of the three critical success factors.
Discipline（自制力）
Action in itself is not enough to increase the chances of success. But disciplined action woul
d do that. One of the main reasons why people fail is that there is no discipline in their action. They give themselves excuses when they cannot consistently go ahead with their plans. You need some form of sacrifice（牺牲）if you want to achieve success in your career. That sacrifice takes discipline. Discipline also ensures that you can be persistent（坚持的）, especially when you’re faced with challenges after challenges in your journey to success. Discipline is the “untiring, determined hands and legs” part of the three critical success factors.
When what you think, feel and do become one, there is nothing that can stop you from achieving career success
| Topic | How can you 1___________in your career? | |
| 2________. | Belief | 1. You need to feel 3________. About your goals and your path to success. 2. Once you are convinced that you can do it, nothing is 4________ . |
| Action | 1. You must act on your plan for career success5__________ and soul. 2. You must devote all your 6 ______________so that you can reach greater heights. | |
| Discipline | 1. It means that you must7______________yourself. 2. You need to 8______________ something when you gain something. 3. You must be persistent when you are faced with9 ________________. | |
| 10________ | If you combine all the three factors, you are sure to achieve career success. | |
Knowing about yourself not only means finding out what you’re good at and what you like，but also means discovering what you’re not good at and what you don’t like．Both help you to see your aim in life．
Although most students would be unhappy if they failed a very difficult physics examination，they have in fact learned a lot about themselves．They know that they should not become engineers or physical scientists．So failing can help a student to live a happier life if he learns something from it．They may then decide on their aims and choose the work they like and are fit for．
It is impossible to decide whether you like something until you have tried it．If you decide to play the piano，you need to take more than one lesson before knowing whether you are really interested in it or able to do well．It is not enough if you want to be a great pianist．You also have to like the hard practice and long training．If you enjoy being a great pianist but hate the work，forget it．
It’s a good plan to try as many ideas as possible when you are young．Then you will find out what your true interests are．
【小题1】If you say you really know yourself， ．
| A．you know what you don’t like |
| B．you know what you are good at |
C．you have no interest in y our work |
| D．you’ve got the whole picture of yourself |
| A．if you have aim in life | B．if your decision is fight |
| C．if you lead a happier life | D．if you learn something from it |
| A．Failure is a better mirror |
B．Success is more  helpful |
| C．No one is fit for the job of a physical scientist |
| D．Physics can help students live a better life |
