题目内容

Given the tradition of students bringing apples to their teachers, it somehow seems fitting that an old apple barn(谷仓)will find a new life as a one-room schoolhouse. And it is just as fitting that a retired schoolteacher will become the caretaker of that historic treasure.

My friend Velma, a teacher for more than 30 years, has been retired for some time now, but that doesn’t stop her giving history lessons at the old Englewood School, located on her family’s

California farm. The lovingly restored building was constructed around 1850 as a home for a woodsman and later was used as apple barn. Then, in 1870 it began a new life as a schoolhouse.

Originally located in the nearby Englewood meadow, it was now moved its current site in 1978 by Velma’s late husband and his brother, Robert and Richard, who thought it would help keep

Velma busy in retirement. No nails had been used in the original construction, so each piece of wood had to be carefully marked and the building was reassembled(重装)on its new site. The brothers worked with much care and hard work to ensure a perfect fit of mitered(斜接的)corners.

After the relocation, Velma and her family furnished the school with some of its original desks. They also added a collection of schoolbooks, the oldest dating back to 1845. Perhaps the school’s most cherished souvenir is the diploma of student Hettie Essig, who graduated on June 30, 1904. Hettie’s daughter, Flora, presented Velma with the precious keepsake.

Nowadays Velma gives tours to local schoolchildren and other groups, who learn what it was like to attend school back in the good old days. She has kids ring the school bell, recite the Pledge of Allegiance and sing “Good Morning to You” as they might have done in days gone by. Then, with twinkling eyes and much enthusiasm, she tells the history of the school, and gives a short sample lesson.

1.The Englewood School was originally built as __________.

A. a man’ s house B. a schoolhouse

C. a restroom D. an apple barn

2.Which word can best describe the school’s being relocated?

A. Inspiring B. Refreshing

C. fashionable D. Challenging

3.What does the underlined part “the precious keepsake” in Para.4 mean?

A. The school’s original supplies

B. The collection of schoolbooks

C. The oldest schoolbook

D. The diploma of Hettie Essig.

4.Which can serve as the best title of the passage?

A. The Good Old Days in the Schoolhouse

B. A Mysterious Building with a Long History

C. A Historic One-room Schoolhouse

D. A Teacher Devoted to Restoring Old Buildings

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Public bookshelves are appearing across Germany on street corners,city squares and in suburban supermarkets. In these free-for-all libraries,people can grab whatever they want to read,and leave behind anything they want for others. There’s no need to register,no due date,and you can take or give as many as you want. “This project is aimed at everyone who likes to read .It is open for everybody,” Michael Aubermann,one of the organizers of the free book exchange said.

The western city’ s latest public shelf was put up next to Bayenturm. It is the fourth free shelf that Aubermann’ s group,the Cologne Citizen’s Foundation,has placed outside.“We set up our other outdoor shelves last year and it’s been working really well,” said Aubermann. The public bookshelves,which are usually financed by donations and cared for by local volunteer groups,have appeared independently of each other in many cities,suburbs and villages. Each shelf holds around 200 books and it takes about six weeks for a complete turnover,with all the old titles replaced by new ones.

Even commercial book stores and online book sellers seem to support the idea of free book exchanges.“We see this project rather as a sales promotion than as competition,”said Elmar Muether.“If books are present everywhere,it helps our business,too.”

So far,the Cologne book group has had few problems with damage or other problems. Aubermann said,“Propaganda (宣传) is the only kind of literature we do not allow here.”

At another bookshelf in the Bayenthal neighborhood,the lower shelves are reserved for children’s literature only.“It is important that we make it easy for everyone to participate in this ‘reading culture on the street’—from old readers to kids to immigrants,”Aubermann said.

While most of the shelves have so far been put up in upscale neighborhoods,Aubermann and the 20 volunteers who help look after the project are planning to put up future shelves in poor neighborhoods,where citizens often don’t have as much access to literature.

1.Which of the following is TRUE about the public bookshelves?

A. People can take the books and leave their books at will.

B. People can’ t borrow books unless they donate books.

C. People can borrow whatever they like after registering.

D. People have to return the books according to the required time.

2.According to Aubermann,the public bookshelves ________.

A. are financed by local volunteers

B. have been going well since their birth

C. were managed by the local government

D. will hold more books and take a shorter turnover

3.The underlined phrase “upscale neighborhoods” refers to ________.

A. communities that have many people

B. communities that have many tall buildings

C. communities that are free to live in

D. communities that are of high grade

4.Which might be the best title for the passage?

A. Public Reading Becomes Popular Worldwide

B. New Trends of Bookshelves in Germany

C. Public Bookshelves Spread Across Germany

D. Reading Culture on the Street in Europe

Autumn means different things to different people. “It all depends on your personality,” said British naturalist Richard Mabey. “Personality shapes your view of the season,” he said. “You may see it as a fading-away,a packing-up (结束),or as a time of packing in another sense—the exciting gathering of resources before a long journey.”

If this is true,perhaps it tells us a little about,for instance,Thomas Hood,the 19th Century English poet. About November,he wrote:

No warmth,no cheerfulness,no healthful ease

No shade,no shine,no butterflies,no bees

November!

On the other hand,another English poet John Keats,already sensing he was seriously ill,was inspired by a late September day to pen one of the most famous poems in the English language—To Autumn. He wrote to a friend afterwards that there was something comforting and healing about it.

According to Richard Mabey,Keats has the biological evidence on his side. Autumn is not a time of slowing down,but a time of new beginnings and great movements of creatures. For example,just at the moment that Keats's “gathering swallows” (in To Autumn)are departing for Africa,millions of creatures are fleeing from the frozen north like Iceland,Greenland and Russia to winter along the east and south coasts of Britain. According to scientists,before falling,the leaves transfer their chlorophyll(叶绿素) and carbohydrates into the woody parts of the tree for safe keeping over winter. What remains is the natural antioxidants (防老剂) in the leaves: the yellow and orange carotenoids (类胡萝卜素),and another protective chemical specially produced for autumn,the bright-red anthocyanin (花青素).High colour is not a signal of deterioration (退化) and decline,but of detox (排毒的) ability and good health.

A century after Keats,the American poet Loren Eiseley wrote in his journal: “Suppose we saw ourselves burning-like maples in a golden autumn. And that we could break up like autumn leaves...dropping their substance like chlorophyll. Wouldn't our attitude towards death be different?”

1.From Thomas Hood's poem,we may infer that ________.

A.he suffered a lot from cold November

B.he missed the shining summer days very much

C.he had a negative attitude towards autumn

D.he enjoyed butterflies and bees very much

2.In autumn,leaves turn yellow before falling because ________.

A.they can't bear the freezing

B.they can't get enough water from the wood part

C.chlorophyll and carbohydrates have been lost through leaves

D.chlorophyll and carbohydrates have come back to the wood part

3.From the passage we can learn that ________.

A.autumn has different faces in different people's eyes

B.John Keats was a good biologist as well as a poet

C.all creatures move from the cold north to Britain for winter

D.the three poets were only known for their poems about autumn

4.Which word can best describe Loren Eiseley's attitude towards autumn?

A.Fearful.B.Optimistic.C.Doubtful.D.Realistic.

Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries.These satellite-based systems provide turn-by-turn directions to help people get to where they want to go.But,they can also cause a lot of problems, send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost.Many times,the driver is to blame.Sometimes a GPS error is responsible.Most often,says Barry Brown,an expert in human-computer interaction,it is a combination of the two.

We spoke to Mr Brown by Skype (网络电话软件).He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States.There he borrowed a GPS-equipped car to use during his stay.Barry Brown:“And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.And,then it wasn't until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived.They actually put their home address ia So again,the GPS is kind of 'garbage in garbage out'”.

Mr Brown says this is a common human error.But,he says,what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings,or failures,of GPS equipment.Barry Brown:“One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.Because they just give you the next turn,sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it's going to the wrong place.”

Barry Brown once worked on a project with Eric Laurier from the University of Edinburgh.The two men studied the effects of GPS devices on driving by placing cameras in people's cars.They wrote a paper based on their research.It is called “The Normal,Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS”.It lists several areas where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers.These include maps that are outdated,incorrect or difficult to understand.They also include timing issues related to when GPS commands are given.

Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers,passengers and GPS systems work together.

1.In Paragraph 2,Mr Brown mentioned his friend in the conversation to .

A.build up his own reputation

B.laugh at his stupid friend

C.prove the GPS system is only garbage

D.describe an example of human error

2.Which of the following statements would Barry Brown most likely agree with?

A.GPS units are to blame for most GPS service failures.

B.We should introduce higher standards for the driving license.

C.Cameras are urgently needed to help improve GPS systems.

D.Drivers,GPS systems and passengers should unite to improve GPS systems.

3.What is Mr Brown's attitude towards GPS?

A.Unconcerned. B.Prejudiced. C.Objective. D.Critical.

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A.Driving with GPS can be difficult

B.Driving confusions can be caused by small screens

C.Driving without GPS should be much more convenient

D.GPS equipment in driving:to be deserted or improved?

“Mobile phones killed our man,”screamed one headline last year.Also came statements that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones cause memory loss. And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture supposedly showing how mobile phones heat the brain.For anyone who uses a mobile phone,these are worring times.But speak to the scientists whose work is the focus of these scared and you will hear a different story.

What we do have,however,are some results suggesting that mobile phones’emission(辐射) have a variety of strange effects on living tissue that can’t be explained by the general radiation biology.And it’s only when the questions raised by these experiments are answered that we’ll be able to say for sure what moblie phones might be doing to the brain.

One of the strange effects comes from the now famous “memory loss” study Alan Preece and his colleagues at the University of Bristol placed a device(装置) that copied the microwave emission of mobile phones to the left ear of volunteers.The volunteers were all good at recalling words and pictures they had been shown on a computer screen.Preece says he still can’t comment on the effects of using a mobile phone for years on end.But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive(感知的) abilities.“I’m pretty sure there is no effect on short-term memory,”he says.

Another expert,Tatterasll,remarked that his latest findings have removed fears about memory loss.One result,for instance,suggests that nerve cell synapses(神经元突触) exposed to microwaves become more—rather than less—receptive to under—going changes linked to the memory formation.

It would be an even happier outcome if microwave turned out to be good for you.It sounds crazy,but a couple of years ago a team led by William Adey at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in California,found that mice exposed to microwave for two hours a day were less likely to develop brain tumours(肿瘤) when given a cancer—causing chemical.

So should we forget about mobile phone radiation causing brain tumours and making us unable to think clearly or reasonably?

“If it doesn’t certainly cause cancer in animals and cells, then it probably isn’t going to cause cancer in humans,”says William.And while there’s still no absolute evidence that mobile phone does damage your memories or give your cancer,the unanimity is:Don’t panic.

1.What worries people who use mobile phones?

A. Mobile phones will kill them.

B. Mobile phones cause memory loss.

C. Mobile phones heat the brain.

D. All above is right.

2.What is the attitude of Preece on the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our congnitive abilities?

A. Doubt.B. Disagree.C. Approve.D. Wait and see.

3.The underlined word “unanimity” in the last paragraph most probably means “________”.

A. consensusB. disagreementC. possibilityD. impossibility

4.From the fifth paragraph,we can infer that being exposed to microwaves for two hours ________.

A. can result in killing you

B. is likely to develop brain tumours

C. is unlikely to develop brain tumours

D. will cause your loss of memory for ever

阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One day, I went to my favorite cafe for lunch. I ________ a burger and went to the outdoor seats. While waiting for my meal, a homeless man on a bicycle stopped to ask if there was a grocery store nearby. After I gave him ________, he asked if I had ________ from Santa Clara University. (I was wearing a SCU T-shirt. )I told him, yes. Little did I know that this ________ response would lead to a 90-minute conversation. The man, Michael, told me he was very intelligent. ________, drug use had ruined both his formal education and his pursuit of ________ in his work. He drifted from one topic to another, ________ the fact that I was ready for my lunch.

He clearly had more of a ________ to talk than I did. I made ever ________ to give him my full attention, never ________ our talk would go on and on...Eventually, I did eat my meal, bite by bite ________ responses in our conversation. Michael was a bit strange. ________ his interests and viewpoints. We had little in ________, but he was fascinated with talking with, as he ________ it, “intelligent people.” I have to admit, I wish our conversation had been ________ to ten or fifteen minutes, but when Michael finally ________ off, he thanked me for listening so ________ to him and for my ________ to talk with him for so long. It was then that I ________ that, just maybe, that was my purpose in life for today …to be there, in that place, at that time, to ________ in that conversation.

1.A. bookedB. orderedC. madeD. selected

2.A. commandsB. contributions

C. introductionsD. directions

3.A. quittedB. 1eftC. graduatedD. 1earned

4.A. simpleB. carelessC. timelyD. significant

5.A. UnfortunatelyB. UnnecessarilyC. ConsequentlyD. Additionally

6.A. powerB. successC. luckD. strength

7.A. admittingB. recognizingC. ignoringD. covering

8.A. benefitB. ambitionC. needD. chance

9.A. useB. differenceC. decisionD. effort

10.A. wonderingB. expectingC. attemptingD. requesting

11.A. betweenB. inC. beyondD. among

12.A. in terms ofB. in favor ofC. in case ofD. in place of

13.A. publicB. vainC. particu1arD. common

14.A. tookB. sawC. putD. got

15.A. appliedB. 1imitedC. comparedD. referred

16.A. droveB. racedC. rodeD. turned

17.A. attentivelyB. clearlyC. honestlyD. casually

18.A. weaknessB. quietnessC. businessD. willingness

19.A. struckB. occurredC. realizedD. complained

20.A. resultB. engageC. 1eadD. compete

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