题目内容
Improve the world around you
You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life. But in fact, almost everyone can invent. It’s just that they do not recognize that their idea could be the start of an invention.
Once inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they don’t let them slip away.
For example, the inventor of the dishwasher, American Josephine Cochrane, loved to give dinner parties. But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and too many of them broke. She decided that a machine could do the job faster and with fewer mistakes. So, in 1886, she set out to make one for herself.
Like Cochrane’s, most inventions are created to solve a problem. So, the first and most important step is to find the problem.
You can start by looking at what is wrong with things you use now. You can ask grandparents or neighbors if they remember ever saying:“I wish someone would invent something for…”Or you can look at people in different areas such as on the street, or at school. Then you might notice situations or things in need of improvement.
Remember to record your ideas and work. This will help you develop your invention and protect it when it is completed.
The next step is to think about possible solutions. An invention is a new way of solving a problem. So think of many, varied, and unusual ways.
You can often come up with a solution for a problem by looking at it from a different angle(角度)or thinking about it in a new way.
Example 1—instead of thinking of shoes as protecting your feet from the ground, think of using something to protect the ground from your feet.
Example 2—instead of thinking about how you can carry oranges home from a store, think of how they can come to you by delivery or growing your own.
Example 3—instead of experimenting with only one solution, can you put two or three solutions together, or arrange them in different orders?
And if one solution doesn’t work, can it be put to other uses? That was how yellow post-it notes(N次贴) came about—a “failed”adhesive(粘合剂)experiment proved a weak adhesive had good uses too!
After all, most inventions are not brand new. They do not come out of nowhere, but come out of things or ideas that already exist(存在).
And the hardest part of inventing, even for a lot of inventors, is coming up with a problem and finding a solution. Once you have an idea, you can always get help building your invention.
This problem-solving technique can also work in your everyday lives. So, why not try it in your studies, in your relationship with others, or even in the way you look at the world?
1. The main idea of this story is________________.
A. how to improve the world around you
B. that you can invent and how you will be able to do so
C. problem-solving technique
D. how inventors invent
2. What makes inventors different from other people is probably that________________.
A. they consider every new idea as an invention
B. they are full of creative ideas
C. they enjoy solving problems
D. they look for problems and try to solve them in a new and better way
3. What made Josephine Cochrane decide to invent the dishwasher?
A. Her love of parties.
B. Her dislike of dishwashing.
C. Her desire for something that could do the dishwashing better.
D. Her love of inventing.
4. Which of the following is one of the ways to find a problem?
A. Look at the world from a different angle.
B. Find out things that people are not satisfied with.
C. Do experiments.
D. Never let a practical idea slip away.
5. The underlined phrase“come about”probably means to________________.
A. come into being B. put to use
C. work D. become
提示：
1. B 通读全文可知文章主要讲的是B. 2. D 发明家与其他人的区别在于D。 3. C 参见原文第三段。 4. B 参见原文第五段。 5. A come about 的意思是形成
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