Researchers in Britain are driving the environmental movement to a new level．A team from the University of Warwick has built what it calls the world's first completely environmentally friendly Formul 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

1．Researchers in Britain are driving the environmental movement to a new level．A team from the University of Warwick has built what it calls the world's first completely environmentally friendly Formula Three racing car．
The car is made mainly of renewable materials，like plants and vegetables．The structure around the car is made from natural plant fibers and potatoes．The steering wheel（方向盘） is made from root vegetables like carrots．The engine uses bio-fuel made from vegetable oil and waste chocolate．
The new racing car is extremely fast．The car has a top speed of two hundred fifteen kilometers an hour．And it can go from zero to ninety-five kilometers an hour in just two and a half seconds．
The racing car meets all of the Formula Three racing requirements except for its biodiesel（生物柴油）engine．
Automobile racing is one of the most widely watched sports in the world．But it is also considered one of the least friendly sports to the environment．Racing cars burn a lot of fuel，and create a lot of air pollution．In recent years，the racing industry has taken steps to protect the environment．More racing companies are now producing cars that use less energy．These cars produce less pollution than cars that depend on traditional fuel，like gasoline．
Last month，the new racing car was set to run in its first competitive race at the Formula Three Championship Final at Brands Hatch．It would have been the first biodiesel-powered car to race at Formula Three．Current Formula Three rules let only gasoline-powered car to compete．Officials needed permission from all of the Formula Three racers for the biodiesel-powered car to compete．They were unable to contact one of the drivers，so the new racing car didn't appear in the event．In test runs，the new racing car was the fifth fastest among the Formula Three race cars．Supporters are hoping to have the fuel problem solved in time to compete in the next season．

66．What's the second paragraph mainly about？A
A．What materials the new racing car is made of．
B．Why researchers built the new racing car．
C．The characteristics of the new racing car．
D．The process of the new racing car being designed．
67．According to the passage，theD of the new racing car doesn't meet the Formula Three racing requirements．
A．speed      B．appearance      C．weight      D．engine
68．It can be inferred from the passage thatC．
A．the new racing car is the first environmentally friendly car
B．automobile racing could be forbidden in the near future
C．many people like to watch automobile racing
D．the new racing car will be allowed to compete in the next season of Formula Three racing
69．In recent years，racing companies are producing cars thatC．
A．burn more fuel                    B．go more quickly
C．produce less pollution            D．cost less money
70．Why didn't the new racing car compete at the Formula Three Championship Final last month？B
A．Because the new racing car still needs testing．
B．Because officials needed each racer's permission but failed to contact one．
C．Because there're some technical problems to be solved．
D．Because few drivers think it is fast enough．

分析研究人员研制出一款环保赛车．这款赛车除燃油外，其他指标都符合参赛标准．

解答 66．A 主旨大意题．第二段介绍了新款赛车的材料．
67．D．细节理解题．根据第三段the racing car meets all of the Formula Three racing requirements except for its biodiesel engine．可知新款赛车的引擎不符合F3 的参赛标准．
68．C．推理判断题．根据第四段 Automobile racing is one of the most widely watched sports in the world．可知许多人喜欢观看赛车这项运动．
69．C．细节理解题．根据第四段produce less pollution 可知答案．
70．B．细节理解题．根据最后一段Officials needed permission from all of the Formula Three racers for the biodiesel-powered car to compete．They were unable to contact one of the drivers，so the new racing car didn't appear in the event．可知答案．

点评解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．

练习册系列答案

12．Parents should guide their children，not direct them．Observe your child′s talent and interests lie，and then encourage them in those directions．（　　）

9．Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places？
Saki Kwoda，24
Schoolteacher （Japanese nonsmoker）
Yes．It should be banned．Smoking is not only bad for the smoker's health，but also for nonsmokers through passive smoking．In public people should think about others．
Alex Wright，23
Teacher （American nonsmoker）
I don't smoke．However，I don't really care if people smoke around me．Leave them alone． They have the right，and let them be．
Masako Imai，24
Phone engineer （Japanese smoker）
I smoke but I think it should be banned，I really want to give up and I think that if everywhere became nonsmoking，it would make it much easier for me to do so．
Luke Collings，35
Musician （British smoker）
I'm a smoker but am against others having to share my addiction．It's only a matter of time before society wakes up and realizes how addictive and destructive nicotine is．
Jenny Wilcox，31
Civil servant （British smoker）
I smoke but I agree with a ban．It forces people，including me，to smoke less．I'm from London，and although smokers were against the ban at first，it now feels totally normal．
Chris Kennedy，23
Student （British nonsmoker）
Walking past a smoking area，like the one by Hachiko，feels and smells absolutely awful．At least if smokers could smoke anywhere，then it would be spread out．

56．How many of the above smokers may now regret having picked up the bad habit？A
A．All． B．None C．Two． D．Four．
57．Which of the four people are very tolerant of smoking？D
A．Chris Kennedy B．Luke Collsngs C．Saki Kuroda D．Alex Wright
58．The underlined word"Hachiko"in the last part probably refers toC．
A．someone who dislikes smelly smokers
B．someone who smokes but agrees with a ban
C．a place near which there is an area for smokers
D．a．legal smoking area which may spread out．

16．Greenland is Shrinking at Surprising Rate
A new study shows one of the largest glaciers in Greenland is becoming smaller and speeding to the sea faster than scientists expected．If it continues，Greenland itself could become much smaller during this century and global seas could rise as much as 3feet．
The rates of change that we're noticing are much higher than expected．If these rates continue，it is not unlikely that Greenland could shrink by several tens of percent this century．However，it's not known how quickly this coastal response of the Greenland ice sheet melting will have an effect on the vast inland ice．
Greenland is the world's largest island，covering an area more than three times the size of Texas．Some 81percent of it is covered by ice，and there are many glaciers．Glaciers are like slow-moving rivers of ice．Where a glacier meets the sea，its weight keeps it firmly resting on the bottom．A glacier's front is the point where the water is deep enough that the glacier floats．
Since the 1970s，the front of Helheim stayed in the same place．Then it began melting rapidly，moving back 4.5miles from 2001through this past summer．It has also grown thinner，from top to bottom，by more than 130feet since 2001．And over these past four years，its trip to the sea has sped up from about 70feet per day to nearly 110．
The melting is driven by a warmer climate．Temperatures in Greenland have risen more than five degrees Fahrenheit in the last decade．Since most of Greenland's ice is on land，seas will rise as the ice melts．If all Greenland's ice sheet melted，oceans would be 15-20feet higher．Nobody expects that to happen anytime soon．

68．Which of the following about the glaciers is TRUE？C
A．Glaciers only lie in Greenland．
B．Water in glaciers is more than sea water．
C．Glaciers sometimes float on the water．
D．Glaciers can increase the water level of lakes．
69．According to the text，we know that GreenlandB．
A．belongs to Canada
B．is the largest island in North America
C．is all covered with glaciers
D．is sinking under the sea level
70．Which of the following may be the result of the disappearing of Greenland glaciers？D
A．the climate of the world will be warmer．
B．the glaciers in other area will be bigger．
C．It will be easy for explorers to visit the island．
D．Some coastal cities may be under the sea．

6．Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change，and now a new study has confirmed that atmospheric CO₂ is also affecting the ocean chemistry and potentially harming sea life．
Montana State University scientist Robert Dore has been researching the water in the Pacific Ocean for almost two decades．
"We've been going to the same spot in the Pacific Ocean，and we try and characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment．And one of the key things that we measure is CO₂ levels．And we've been able to record this increasing quantity of atmospheric CO₂ into the ocean．"
Scientists expected that as atmospheric CO₂ increased，more and more of the carbon dioxide would be absorbed into the ocean，affecting the chemical balance of the sea water，with a potentially harmful impact on shellfish and coral in particular．
"As carbon dioxide dissolves in the water，or seawater in this case，it forms a weak acid（酸），carbonic acid，"Dore explains．"And therefore，as the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere goes up and that exchanges with the surface seawater，it drives the pH down，and makes it more acidic．"
The seawater Dore and his colleagues have analyzed confirms what the theory predicts．
The effect was particular striking at about 250meters down，and again at 500meters．Dore and his colleagues came up with two possible explanations．It could be that surface water picked up CO2and then moved to those depths．Or there could be a biological explanation．
"It's important to realize that the oceans are really becoming acidic．And it can have negative impacts on a whole variety of sea life from fish to coral．It's potentially catastrophic．"

72．What can be the best title of the passage？A
A．Sea Life Facing Danger B．Climate Change Affecting Seawater
C．Oceans Becoming More Acidic D．Scientist Researching Seawater
73．Which of the following shows the process of the impact of atmospheric CO₂ on sea life？B
a．Sea life is endangered．
b．CO₂ goes into the surface water．
c．The ocean chemistry is affected．
d．CO₂ decreases the PH and makes the seawater more acidic．
e．CO₂ levels in the atmosphere go up．
A．a→b→c→d→e B．e→b→c→d→a C．a→e→c→d→b D．e→d→c→b→a
74．Scientist Robert Dore came to the conclusion based onA．
A．his research and analysis
B．the expectation of other scientists
C．some former theory
D．a major cause of climate change
75．What does the passage want to tell us most？C
A．It takes time to make a scientific study．
B．Atmospheric CO₂ is doing harm to sea life．
C．Measures should be taken to prevent the potential catastrophe．
D．Robert Dore is a committed and serious scientist．

13．

Two recent studies might end the great grocery bag debate．The debates over which type of grocery bag is best break down into two issues：which are better for the environment，and which are better for your health．
The first study focused on the question of cloth bag contamination（传染）．It's well-known that supermarkets offer many opportunities for people to pick up contaminated food：other shoppers contaminate shopping carts，and stockroom clerks contaminate containers．When shoppers put such things into cloth bags，they can contaminate the bag，and then wind up contaminating uncontaminated foods on their next shopping trip．Large numbers of bacteria were found in almost all bags．
Washing the bags might help，but researchers found that"reusable bags are seldom washed and often used for different purposes"．
The second study should end the"use reusable grocery bags"argument．In the study，researchers evaluated（评估）the bags on a set of environmental standards，including global warming potential．The table below shows how many times that non-HDPE bags must be used in order to bring their global warming potential down to that of an HDPE bag．The first column，for example，shows that a paper bag should be reused three times to reduce its global warming potential to that of an HDPE bag，while you have to use an LDPE bag four times，a non-woven PP bag 11times，and a cotton bag up to 131times to achieve the same end．

Type of carrier	HDPE bag （No secondary reuse）	HDPE bag （40.3% reused as rubbish bags）	HDPE bag （100% reused as rubbish bags）	HDPE bag （Used three times）
Paper bag	3	4	7	9
LDPE bag	4	=5	9	12
Non-woven PP bag	11	14	26	33
Cotton bag	131	173	327	393

So the conclusion seems clear：the traditional，thin plastic bag has better environmental performance and is likely to be quite safer for human health．

72．The researchers in both studies might agree thatC．
A．we should reuse our grocery bags as much as possible
B．cotton bags are environment-friendly when they are reused
C．plastic bags are good for the environment and our health
D．grocery bags，if washed，can reduce global warming potential
73．The underlined phrase"wind up"in Paragraph 2probably meansB．
A．give up B．end up C．pick up D．take up
74．What's the problem with cloth bags according to the first study？A
A．They are easily contaminated when reused．
B．They produce large numbers of bacteria．
C．They are poisonous and can pollute foods．
D．They need washing before being reused．
75．We know from the chart that in terms of reducing the global warming potential，A．
A．if an HDPE bag is used three times，a cotton bag should be used 393times
B．the more times HDPE bags are reused，the greater their global warming potential is
C．LDPE bags，when reused 9times，have a better effect than cotton bags reused 131times
D．non-woven PP bags，though reused 33times，work worse than paper bags reused 7times．

10．It's that time of year when people need to lock their cars．It's not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars．Rather，it's because of good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest．Especially with this year's large crop，leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to fill it with zucchini（西葫芦）．
    My sister，Sharon，recently had a good year for tomatoes．She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they had begun to feel their skin turn slightly red．That's when she decided it w as time to share her blessings．She started calling everyone she knew．When that failed，she began asking everyone in the neighborhood，eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes．"Feel free to take whatever you want，"Sharon told her．Later that day，Sharon found that her garden had indeed been harvested．She felt happy that she coul d help someone and that the food didn't go to waste．
    A few days later，Sharon answered the door．There was the neighbor，holding a hot loaf of bread．The neighbor smiled pleasantly，"I wanted to thank you for all of the tomatoes，and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hoped you wouldn't mind．"
    Sharon couldn't think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said so．"Oh，but you did，"the neighbor said．"You had some of the prettiest zucchini I've ever seen．"
    Sharon was confused．They hadn't even planted any zucchini．But her neighbor insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in her garden．Sharon felt curious and decided to go to see where the zucchini had grown．The two of them walked together into the backyard．When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables，Sharon smiled．"Well，actually，those are cucumbers（黄瓜）that we never harvested，because they got too big，soft and bitter for eating．"
    The neighbor looked at Sharon，shock written all over her face．She gulped（哽住）a few times，and then，smiling，held out the bread，part of a batch she had shared all over the neighborhood．"I brought you a nice loaf of cucumber bread．I hope you like it．"
24．Why does the author ware people in the neighborhood to lock their cars？C
A．They might be stolen by thieves at night．
B．They might be moved away by the police．
C．Their neighbors might fill them with their harvest．
D．Their neighbors might throw cucumbers into them．
25．How did Sharon's friends react to the invitation to take her tomatoes？AA．They did not accept her kind offer．
B．They were all delighted to have the tomatoes．
C．They said they would go when they were free．
D．They began to tell everyone they knew about it．
26．What did the neighbor do in Sharon's garden？B
A．She only harvested some tomatoes．
B．She took some cucumbers mistaken ly．
C．She took something with Sharon's help．
D．She harvested a few zucchini by accident．
27．We can infer that the neighbor's bread would tasteC．
A．soft and sweet
B．hard and sour
C．funny and bitter
D．fragrant and delicious．

11．His classmates have observed Tom make trouble in every possible way in the classroom．
Tomhasbeenobservedto make trouble in every possible way in the classroom．

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