题目内容

【题目】Every day born a decade from now will have its genetic code(基因编码)mapped at birth, the head of the world’s leading genome sequencing(基因图谱)company has predicted.

A complete DNA read – out for every newborn will be technically possible and affordable in less than five years, promising a revolution in healthcare, says Jay Flatley, the chief executive of Illumina. Only social and legal problems are likely to delay the age of “genome sequences,” or genetic profiles. By 2019 it will have become routine to map infants’ genes when they are born, Dr Flatly told The Times.

This will open a new approach to medicine, by which conditions such as high blood pressure and heart disease can be predicted and prevented and drugs used more safely and effectively.

A baby’s genome can be discovered at birth by a blood test. By examining a person’s genome, it is possible to identify raised risks of developing diseases such as cancers. Those at high risk can then be screened more regularly, or given drugs or dietary advice to lower their chances of becoming ill.

Personal genomes could also be used to ensure that patients get the medicine that is most likely to work for them and least likely to have side – effects.

The development, however, will raise legal concerns about privacy and access to individuals’ genetic records.

“Bad things can be done with the genome. It could predict something about someone – and you could possibly hand the information to their employer or their insurance company.” said Dr Flatley.

“People have to recognize that this horse is out of the barn, and that your genome probably can’t be protected, because everywhere you go you leave your genome behind. Complete genetic privacy, however, is unlikely to be possible”, he added.

As the benefits become clearer, however, he believes that most people will want their genomes read and interpreted. The risk is nothing compared with the gain.

【1】In the first two paragraphs, the author mainly wants to tell us about__________.

A. the significant progress in medicine

B. the promise of a leading company

C. the information of babies’ genes

D. the research of medical scientists

【2】Which of the following is a problem caused by this approach?

A. The delaying in discovering DNA.

B. The risk of developing diseases at birth.

C. The side effects of medicine on patients.

D. The letting out of personal genetic information.

【3】What does the underlined sentence “… this horse is out of the barn” mean?

A. Genetic mapping technique has been widely used.

B. people can’t stop genetic mapping technique advancing.

C. People are eager to improve genetic mapping technique.

D. Genetic mapping technique is too horrible to control.

【4】What’s Dr Flatley’s attitude towards the technology?

A. Tolerant. B. Conservative. C. Positive. D. Doubtful.

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】本文介绍了一项医学上的重大进步，即DNA技术在医疗上的应用。

【1】A

目的意图题。根据前两段告诉我们在不到五年的时间里，每一个新生儿的完整的DNA解读将在技术上是可行的和担负得起的，这预示着医疗保健领域的一场革命。可知这是在告诉我们一项医学上的重大进步。故选A.

【2】D

细节理解题：根据第六段The development, however, will raise legal concerns about privacy and access to individuals’ genetic records.可知，这种方法带来的问题就是它可能会泄露个人的基因信息。故选D.

【3】B

猜测词句题：根据倒数第二段划线句所在段and that your genome probably can’t be protected, because everywhere you go you leave your genome behind. Complete genetic privacy, however, is unlikely to be possible”, he added.所说：因为无论你走到哪里，你都会留下你的基因组。因此完全的基因隐私是不可能的，这是你自己不能控制的。可知猜测出本句的意思是：人不能阻止遗传作图技术的推进。故选B.

【4】C

推理判断题。根据最后一段所说：然而，随着利益的明朗化，他相信大多数人都希望他们的基因组能够被阅读和解释。这与收益相比风险又是什么。可以推断出作者对此技术是积极的态度。故选C.

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【题目】完形填空
It is unavoidable that you have one of those days when nothing seems to go right. Although you try to keep a 1 attitude towards the day, you find yourself getting worn down and starting to 2about the way things are going. And then 3 walks up to you, gives you a smile and asks if you would like to have a cup of coffee with them. The small act of 4brings a smile to your face as you tell them you would love to.
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Criticizing others not only makes them defensive against you, but it also 13 you from getting what you need or want from someone. 14, try to understand why people do what they do. After all they do have their 15 for their words and actions. In understanding their motivations, you are breeding tolerance, sympathy and kindness, and the other person will 16his or her defenses.
Dale Carnegie wrote, “ Perhaps you will17tomorrow the kind words you say today, but the recipient may cherish them over a lifetime.” In showing them kindness, they are more likely to be more productive at work as well as at home, and your act of kindness will make a lasting18on them. They are more likely to do nearly anything for you that you ask19they have more trust in you. It is finding the good in people instead of the bad that20us to motivate them through our kind ways and receive their kindness in return
（1）A.doubtful B.neutral C.depressing D.positive
（2）A.argue B.complain C.talk D.think
（3）A.someone B.everyone C.he D.anyone
（4）A.patience B.trust C.kindness D.funniness
（5）A.money B.effort C.time D.energy
（6）A.where B.how C.what D.when
（7）A.In short B.For example C.As a result D.After all
（8）A.working B.talking C.worrying D.complaining
（9）A.careful B.annoyed C.kind D.disappointed
（10）A.understood B.accepted C.promised D.agreed
（11）A.able B.certain C.eager D.afraid
（12）A.hard B.polite C.easy D.important
（13）A.makes B.stops C.allows D.reduces
（14）A.Meanwhile B.Then C.Besides D.Instead
（15）A.reasons B.decisions C.choices D.rules
（16）A.build up B.come to C.let down D.turn down
（17）A.explain B.forget C.recall D.recognize
（18）A.choice B.decision C.Impression D.comparison
（19）A.although B.unless C.once D.since
（20）A.turns B.warns C.allows D.introduces

【题目】阅读理解
SHEFFIELD
LINCOLN COLLEGE OF ENGLISH
Classes for foreign students at all levels
3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course
Open all year
Small class (maximum 12 students)
Library, language laboratory and listening center
Accommodation(膳食供应) with selected families
25 minutes from London
Course fees for English for one year are ￡1, 380 with reduction 减少for shorter periods of study.
（1）Lincoln College of English _______.
A.is at the centre of London
B.lies far away from London
C.takes in foreign students, from beginners to the advanced
D.accepts students only at the beginning of the year
（2）While you stay there, _______ will take care of you.
A.the school where you study
B.the family you have chosen
C.your classmates
D.your own parents
（3）If you go there for a one-term course, you will pay _______ for it.
A.￡1, 380
B.over ￡1, 380
C.much less than ￡1, 380
D.nothing

【题目】To persuade drivers to ____checking their phones whenever they beep, the New York state plans to introduce so-called Texting Zones along its major highways to make sure of the drivers' safety.
A.allow
B.resist
C.admit
D.insist

【题目】His colleagues and former students published his essays ________ his thirty years’ service with the university.

A. in honor of B. in support of

C. in respect of D. in favor of

【题目】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Alice对中国艺术感兴趣，特写信请你向她介绍中国传统艺术。请依据下列要点，给其写封回信。

要点：1.介绍传统艺术―年画；

2.欢迎Alice来中国体验中国年画的创作。

注意：1.词数100左右。

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

提示词：年画Chinese New Year paintings

Dear Alice,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Yours truly,

Li Hua

【题目】Toddler World Nursery was delighted to employ a trainee---twenty-two-old Jonathan Brown—as their first male nursery schoolteacher. He was also the only man who applied for the job, but, insists Margery Bowman, head teacher of Toddler World, by far the best applicant. “Both boys and girls will benefit from the experience of having a male role model in the nursery.” Says mother of two, Margery.

Jonathan has always been interested in childcare. His own mother is a childminder and his father is a teacher. “I’ve always helped Mum with looking after all the children.” he says. “I’m used to changing nappies, feeding babies, reading stories and playing with Lego.”

But Jonathan is a rare male in a female world. Only 2% of nursery teachers are men and this hasn’t changed for ten years. Roger Olsen of the National Nursery Trust said, “Men are often viewed with anxiety and suspicion(怀疑)in a children’s environment. Or they are expected to do things the way women would do them. But men bring different things into childcare and this has to be recoginsed.” Jonathan agrees. He is a qualified under-7s football coach, and plants to introduce football lessons to the nursery for boys and girls.

What do Jonathan’s friends think of his choice of career?

“Actually, most of them are pretty cool about it now.” he says, “though they do make jokes about nappies. And I’ve found that girls are actually quite impressed – so that’s good!”

【1】Why was Jonathan employed by Toddler World Nursery?

A. He was the best among all the applicants.

B. He was the only man who applied for the job.

C. He would be able to teach kids to play football.

D. He would do things the way women would do them.

【2】Which of the following can replace the underlined word “childminder” (Para.2)?

A. Instructor.

B. Superior.

C. Baby-sitter.

D. Coach.

【3】What did Roger Olsen say about the job of childcare?

A. It has been women-specific.

B. It requires people’s understanding.

C. It takes time to make some changes.

D. It needs men teachers to bring something different.

【题目】There are endless motivations for human behaviour, from the basic drives for food to more complicated ones, such as sympathy, envy and anger. But none of these explain behaviours that we call compulsions (强迫症). They come from a need that is desperate and tortured (折磨). They may bring relief, but they bring little enjoyment, and while one part of our brain desperately wishes to stop them, another is afraid of stopping.

I used to view compulsions as foreign and almost frightening. But in the course of my research, two things happened. First, when I got to know people who were compulsive, their behaviour didn’t seem unreasonable at all. Second, I realized that although people with the most extreme compulsions seem like outliers (另类人), the anxiety that drives them to those extremes is universal.

Over any year, many of us find ourselves in the control of a compulsion that falls short of something that is disabling enough to qualify as a mental disorder — in fact, some compulsions are adaptive, helping us lead our lives or perform our jobs more effectively.

Like many people, maybe you feel forced to reach for your smart phone as soon as you wake up in the morning. Fortunately a growing number of experts have begun to succeed in distinguishing addictions from compulsions.

An addiction begins with a flash of pleasure accompanied with danger; it’s fun to gamble or to drink, and it also puts you at risk. Additions involve acting without planning or even thought, driven by an urge for immediate satisfaction. Compulsions, in contrast, are all about avoiding unpleasant outcomes. They are behaviours we repeat many times to relieve the anxiety brought on by the possibility of negative consequences. But the actual behaviour is often unpleasant — or at least not particularly rewarding, especially after many rounds of it.

Behind every compulsion is the need to avoid what causes you pain or anxiety. Compulsive behaviour is not necessarily a mental disorder. Some forms of it can be, and people in its control deserve to be diagnosed and helped. But many are expressions of psychological needs we all feel: to be at peace and in control, to feel connected and to matter. And if those are mental illnesses, we’re all crazy.

【1】From the first two paragraphs, we know that _____.

A. compulsions can bring relief as well as enjoyment

B. compulsive people will prefer unreasonable behaviour

C. compulsions may be an understandable response to anxiety

D. compulsive people must be frightening and behave differently

【2】The main difference between addictions and compulsions lies in _____.

A. human relationships B. financial rewards

C. internal drives D. social expectations

【3】What’s the author’s attitude towards compulsion?

A. Objective. B. Negative.

C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.

【题目】完形填空
One morning all the employees reached the office as usual. And on the wall they saw a big1on which it was written: Yesterday, the person who has been2your growth in this company passed3. We invite you to join the funeral(葬礼) prepared in the4.
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The8in the gym was such that security guards were9to control the crowd within the room. The more people reached the coffin(棺材), the more the excitement10up. Everyone whispered to each other: “11on earth is this guy?”
One by one the excited employees got closer to the coffin, and when they12inside it, they13became speechless. They stood nearby the coffin, shocked and in14, as if someone had15the deepest part of their soul.
There was a16inside the coffin; everyone who looked inside it could see himself. There was also a sign next to the mirror that17: there is only one person who is18to set limits to your growth: IT IS19! Your life doesn't change when everyone around you changes. Your life changes when YOU change, when you go beyond your limiting beliefs inside. Don't be afraid of20; build yourself and your reality. It's the way you face life itself that makes the difference!
（1）A.post B.card C.letter D.sign
（2）A.encouraging B.limiting C.building D.helping
（3）A.on B.away C.by D.down
（4）A.gym B.office C.way D.meeting room
（5）A.afraid B.excited C.sad D.calm
（6）A.And B.Or C.But D.So
（7）A.curious B.pleased C.ready D.serious
（8）A.surprise B.anger C.sadness D.excitement
（9）A.admitted B.ordered C.forbidden D.forced
（10）A.kept B.woke C.turned D.heated
（11）A.Who B.What C.How D.Where
（12）A.walked B.got C.looked D.turned
（13）A.suddenly B.gradually C.only D.extremely
（14）A.sorrow B.order C.person D.silence
（15）A.attacked B.stolen C.touched D.seen
（16）A.letter B.mirror C.book D.colleague
（17）A.read B.reflected C.showed D.typed
（18）A.sure B.eager C.able D.afraid
（19）A.ME B.YOU C.HE D.ITSELF
（20）A.punishment B.praises C.blame D.changes

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