The Brown Bear My wife Laura and I were on the beach.with three of our children.taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small.moving aimles 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

The Brown Bear

My wife Laura and I were on the beach，with three of our children，taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small，moving aimlessly.

Just a few minutes later，I heard my daughter shouting，“Dad！The bear is right behind us！” An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back—the sign(迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally，probably because of hunger.

I held my camera tripod(三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders，and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.

Even so，this was a fight I had to win：I was all that stood between the bear and my family，who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.

The bear hit at the camera，cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face；the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move，and I sensed that my bones were going to break.

Drawing back my free hand，I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur，trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling(扭打) with the bear at this point. Then，as suddenly as it had begun，the fight ended. The bear moved back towards the forest，before returning for another attack—the first time I felt panic.

Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat，the bear moved off，destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured，but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I’m proud that my family remained clear?headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.

1.The brown bear approached the family in order to .

A． catch shore birds

B． start an attack

C． protect the children

D． set up a barrier for itself

2.The bear finally went away after it .

A． felt safe

B． got injured

C． found some food

D． took away the camera

3.The writer and his family survived mainly due to their .

A． pride

B． patience

C． calmness

D． cautiousness

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Here is an astonishing and significant fact：Mental work alone can't make us tire. It sounds absurd. But a few years ago，scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳). To the amazement of these scientists，they discovered that blood passing through the brain，when it is active，shows no fatigue at all!

If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins at and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.

So far as the brain is concerned，it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired? Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional attitudes.One of England’s most outstanding scientists，J.A.Hadfield，says，"The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact，fatigue of purely physical origin is rare."Dr.Brill，a famous American scientist, goes even further，He declares，"One hundred percent of the fatigue of sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems."

What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored，anger, anxiety，tenseness，worry，a feeling of not being appreciated—those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.

1.What surprised the scientists a few years ago?

A. Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborer's blood.

B. Albert Einstein didn’t feel worn after a day’s work.

C. The brain could work for many hours without fatigue.

D. A mental worker's blood was filled with fatigue toxins.

2.According to the author, which of the following can make sitting workers tired?

A. Challenging mental work B. Unpleasant emotions

C. Endless tasks D. Physical labor.

3.What's the author's attitude towards the scientists' idea?

A. He agrees with them.

B. He doubts them.

C. He argues against them.

D. He hesitates to accept them.

短文改错

A young man called Low-Carbon Brother become a hit on the Internet in 2011. He suggests living a low carbon life, which means using less energy in our daily life so that we can help reducing carbon dioxide in the air. For example, she always picks up some waste paper on the street or uses the blank side to write something. While he is watching TV, he always turns up the screen brightness to the minimum and turns off the light. Therefore, he goes to work by bike instead of driving. Some people think what he is doing is just a show. No one can live such a simply life with so many modern invention around us. As far as I am concerned, I am strongly in favor his idea and his behavior. Although what he is doing has no huge effect on global warming, but he at least can enjoy a healthy life.

Many gardeners believe that “talking” to their plants helps them grow---it turns out that they may not be crazy after all. According to the scientists from the University of Exeter, plants may keep communicating with each other through a secret “unseen” language.

For their experiment, the scientists picked a cabbage plant that is known to send out a gas when its surface is cut. In order to get video evidence of the communication, they changed the cabbage gene by adding the protein---luciderase(虫荧光素酶), which is what makes fireflies(萤火虫) glow in the dark.

When the changed cabbage plant was in full bloom, they cut a leaf off with a pair of scissors, and almost immediately, thanks to the luciderase, they could see the plant sending out “methyl jasmonate(茉莉酸甲酯)”.

While this was a known fact, what was surprising was the fact that the minute this gas began to give out, the nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger and started to send out a gas that they normally have to keep predators(捕食者) like caterpillars(毛虫) away.

What the scientists are not sure is whether the plants are trying to warn the other leaves or the near plants about the danger---something that will require further research However, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.

However, before you get all concerned, they are quite sure that plants do not feel the pain when they are cut, since they do not have nerves---so go ahead and bite into that juicy carrot!

1.What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Plants Can Send Some Gas

B. Plants Can Communicate with Each Other

C. The “Unseen” Language of Plants

D. Plants Can’t Feel Pain

2.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. Gardeners B. Plants

C. Scientists D. Fireflies

3.When the plant sent out methyl jasmonate, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A. The nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger.

B. The nearby cabbage plants started to send out a gas.

C. The nearby cabbage plants tried to warn the near plants.

D. The nearby cabbage plants communicated through a secret language.

4.According to the experiment, plants ________________.

A. don’t live a passive life

B. can feel pain when they are cut

C. can warn the other leaves about danger

D. can talk with each other

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against Malaria（疟疾）． This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within ChinA．

Tu shared the prize with Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honored for their revolutionary anti-roundworm treatment． 84-year-old Tu is awarded this prize for her contribution to cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients’ suffering and promoting mankind’s health． Although she received several medical awards in the past, the 2015 Nobel Prize is definitely the most privilege reward that recognizes Tu’s dedication and perseverance in discovering artemisinin（青蒿素）, the key drug that battles malaria-friendly parasites（寄生虫）．

However, her route to the honor has been anything but traditional． She won the Nobel Prize for medicine, but she doesn’t have a medical degree or a Phd． In China, she is even being called the “three-noes” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she’s never worked overseas． No wonder her success has stirred China’s national pride and helped promote confidence of native Chinese scientists．

The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds reminds us that science should be more accessible to all． One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research． There have been discussions on people who really love science but are never able to achieve much during their whole life． Their contributions can never be ignored． They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future researchers will be closer to the right one．

As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of natural science award, Tu’s record-breaking winning also serves as a reminder to those who are too eager for instant success． Science is never about instant success． Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is officially acknowledged． There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get．

1.It can be concluded from the text that __________．

A． Tu worked home and abroad to conduct her research

B． Tu got the Nobel Prize for her anti-roundworm treatment

C． The Nobel Prize is the first award to recognize her work

D． Her discovery of artemisinin has helped to cut Malaria death rate

2. The author seems to agree that a person who is more likely to become a scientist is the one with__________．

A． a sense of national pride

B． relevant academic knowledge

C． a desire to achieve success

D． enthusiasm for scientific research

3.In writing the passage, the author intends to ___________．

A． inform readers of the news and make comments

B． discourage the pursuit of instant success in science

C． remind readers of the principles of scientific research

D． praise the award winner and encourage scientific research

So absurd _____ that_____ saw him stared at him．

A． did he look; anyone

B． he looked; no matter who

C． did he look; whoever

D． he looked; who

Two friends were talking about education, _______, about the kind of education that they received in their youth.

A． or else B． worse still

C． or rather D． above all

She is one of the most helpful, ______ and reliable people I have ever had the pleasure to know.

A. apparent B. passive C. doubtful D. considerate

My favorite English teacher could draw humor out of the driest material．It wasn’t forced on us either．He took Samuel Johnson’s dictionary, Addison’s essays, and many other literary wonders from the eighteenth century and made them hilarious, even at eight o’clock in the morning．The thing that amazed me most was that the first time I read these works on my own some of them seemed dead, but the second time, after his explanation, I couldn’t believe that I hadn’t seen the humor．The stories and poems and plays were suddenly filled with allusions（典故）and irony andhilarious moments．I learned more from him than from any other teacher．

My least favorite English teacher also made people laugh．Some students found him to be wonderfully funny．Many others did not．He assigned journals over a six week period, to be written in every day．At the end of the six weeks I had a notebook full of bits and pieces about my ideas, short stories, reactions to what we had read, and so on．Our teacher announced that we would be grading each other’s journals．Mine was passed to Joe, that class clown, who always behaved in a funny or silly way．He saw it fit to make joke of and said, “This writing isn’t fit to line the bottom of a birdcage．” Our teacher laughed at that funny remark．It hurt me so much that the anger from it has driven my writing and teaching ever since．

So what makes the difference？Humor is one of the most powerful tools teachers or writers have．It can build up students and classes and make them excited about literature and writing, or it can tear them apart．It is true that humor is either productive or counter-productive and self-defeating．

1.The passage mainly discusses _____．

A． teaching B． literature

C． humor D． knowledge

2.The underlined word “hilarious” in Paragraph 1 probably means _____．

A． funny B． tiring

C． inspiring D ．brilliant

3.With his favorite English teacher, the writer found it most amazing that _____．

A． his teacher was very learned

B． his teacher was very humorous

C． the works by Johnson and Addison were very humorous

D． few were able to find humor in works by Johnson and others

4.The English teacher the writer disliked most _____．

A． was not able to make students laugh

B． hurt his students’ feelings

C． didn’t let his students do the grading

D． had no sense of humor

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