题目内容

【题目】 Who should be responsible for the accident?

The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order______.

A. as they told B. as are told

C. as told D. as telling

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查方式状语中省略的用法。句意:—谁应该为这个事故负责? —老板,不是工人。他们只是按照命令来执行。首先they是指workers,所以they与tell之间是被动关系,其次,当从句里主语与主句相同时,且谓语动词是系动词be,可省略从句主语和be动词,故选C。

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【题目】Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare or invasive species, study bio-diversity or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.

Ryan Kelly is an ecologist at the School of Marine and Environmental Affairs at the University of Washington in Seattle. He works in a laboratory there with other researchers. They study the genetic material released by living creatures. “Essentially we can take a sample of soil or air and in our case water, and we can sequence(to arrange the order of genes)the DNA out of it and tell you what is there.

Ryan Kelly says he and his research team are studying water samples collected from Puget Sound. He says the cost of gene sequencing has “been reduced greatly in recent years.” That makes DNA testing more widely available.

Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.

Caren Goldberg heads the new e-DNA lab at Washington State University in Pullman, Washington. She is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing phase to actually using it.

It is extremely useful for species that are really hard to find. I have spent many hours looking for species that I was pretty sure were there — looking under rocks, looking in water, doing all kinds of surveys.”

Caren Goldberg sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, safely and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.

We’re absolutely at this point where proof-of-concept has been established. I don't think everyone necessarily is ready for it yet, but I think the majority of people are.”

This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian diseases.

Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction, disappearance, of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.

Now, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management wants Caren Goldberg to look for the Columbia spotted frog in two other western states. The rare amphibian is a candidate for the federal government's threatened species list.

Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.

A related research goal is to show how long environmental DNA can last and how far it can travel in different environments.

【1】Paragraph One is intended as _____ of the passage.

A. the main idea

B. the introduction of the topic

C. a supporting detail of the main idea

D. a contrast of the main idea

【2】What has made E-DNA magic is that with E-DNA_____.

A. you are likely to find information about a species with a little air, water, or soil

B. some kind of high-tech device can be used to test for breathable air or signs of life

C. you are able to get answers more efficiently, safely though with more damage

D. the cost of gene sequencing has been reduced greatly in recent years.

【3】So far, the technique of E-DNA has NOT helped scientists search for ______.

A. wild Yangtze giant soft-shell turtles

B. endangered golden tree-frogs

C. the local extinction of a leopard frog

D. the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail

【4】Despites its advantage, we are still not sure of something about E-DNA. That is _____ .

A. the lasting time and the spreading area of E-DNA

B .the lasting time of E-DNA and too many species for E-DNA

C. too many candidates for E-DNA and the lasting time of E-DNA

D. robots and old-fashioned field work’s replacing E-DNA

【5】The passage can be sorted as a(n) _____.

A. science fictionB. experiment report

C. science reportD. bio-diversity discovery

【题目】Yesterday my old neighbor knocked on my door angrily. Obviously, my cat, Rocco, had left a turd (粪便) in his perfect flower beds.

Fortunately, I wasn’t home when this happened, so he angrily complained to my friend and neighbor Kate about this. She was kind enough to listen to him and to go down into the garden with him to have a look. She even took a picture.

When I got home later, Kate had left a message on my answering machine about the incident. Hearing it was about my cat again, my stomach turned. Several weeks before, he’d gotten so upset that he threatened to put rat traps on the ground, hoping that would frighten me into keeping my cat indoors. So, I was a little apprehensive this time.

But I couldn’t help but laugh when Kate told me the whole story. I understood what gardening meant to him. Since my old neighbor retired ten years ago, he had spent all of his time on his garden. So when I saw him in the garden later on, I went to talk to him. To my surprise, it turned out quite nice. I was really surprised to find that I had the grace (雅量) not to respond to his bad words. Instead, I engaged (使忙于) him in a conversation on the beautiful flowers he’d planted, the color combinations and the care he took to create such a sense of order. I tried to convey my understanding and appreciation without complimenting or talking down to him. I was really amazed by how that turned out. We hadn’t had a conversation like that for over a year!

【1】The story happened .

A. between family members B. between strangers

C. between friends D. between neighbors

【2】What does the underlined word “apprehensive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Anxious. B. Satisfied. C.Angry. D. Excited.

【3】What can we learn from the text?

A. The author’s friend dealt with the incident patiently after it happened.

B. The author’s old neighbor had a bad relationship with all his neighbors.

C. It was the first time that the author’s cat had made the neighbor angry.

D. The neighbor didn’t say bad words about the cat’s action.

【4】We can infer from the text that after the talk with his old neighbor, the author would .

A. throw his cat away B. send his cat to others

C. feel relaxed and happy D. become more nervous

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