题目内容
8.Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the website you've visited.Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phones bills to find out your shopping or calling habits.In fact,it's likely some of theses things have already happened to you.Who would watch you without your permission?It might be a spouse(配偶),a girlfriend,a marketing company,a boss,a policeman or a criminal.Whoever it is,they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen---the 21st century equivalent(同等物) of being caught without wearing anything.
Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy,that it's important to reveal(透露) yourself to friends,family and lovers in stages,at proper times.But few boundaries remain.The digital breed crumbs(面包屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct(重现)who you are,where you are and what you like.In some cases,a simple Google search can reveal what you think.Like it or nor,increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.
The key question is:Does that matter?
For many Americans,the answer obviously is"no."
When opinion surveys ask Americans about privacy,most say they are concerned about losing it.A survey found an overwhelming pessimism(悲观)about privacy,with 60percent of respondents saying that they feel their privacy is"slipping away,and that bothers me."
But people say one thing and do another.Only a tiny part of Americans change any behaviours in an effort to protect their privacy.Few people turn down a discount(折扣) at tollbooths to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements.And few turn down supermarkets loyalty cards.Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will give personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷).
But privacy does matter---at least sometimes.It is like health.When you have it,you don't notice it.Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.
53.What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?B
A.Friends should open their hearts to each other.'
B.There should be a distance even between friends.
C.Friends should always be faithful to each other.
D.There should be fewer arguments between friends.
54.Why does the author say"We live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret?"B
A.Modern society has finally developed in to an open society.
B.People leave traces(踪迹) around when using modern technology.
C.There are always people who are curious about others'affairs.
D.Many search engines profit by revealing people's identities(身份).
55.What do most Americans do to protect privacy?D
A.They change behaviours that might reveal their identity.
B.The use various loyalty cards for business transaction(处理).
C.They rely more and more on electronic devices.
D.The talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.
56.According to the passage,privacy is like health in thatD.
A.people will make every efforts to keep it.
B.its importance is hardly understood.
C.it is something that can easily be lost.
D.people don't value it until they lose it.
分析 这篇材料讲的是信息时代的隐私遭到泄露的现状,如今,人与人之间界限缺失,人们会四处留下数字信息,从而将个人隐私泄露出去.甚至简单的Google搜索都能接触到个人的秘密.我们现在生活在一个很难保住秘密的世界.然后作者列举人们在生活中如何言行不一,不注重隐私的保护.最后一段作者向人们提出了告诫不要等到隐私泄露了就像健康失去了再去后悔.
解答 53-56BBDD
53.B细节理解 题目问心理学家会对朋友之间的关系做出什么建议.题目中的关键信息是"心理学家"和"朋友",文中第三段开头就提到了心理学家和朋友、家庭、爱人等等,可以判断答案就在此处.心理学家的建议一共有两句话,分别由两个宾语从句引导.首先是boundaries are healthy,直译为界限是健康的."界限"应该是指人与人之间关系的界限,等同于C所说的一定的距离.Healthy一词是对人与人之间保持一定距离的肯定. 其次是it's important to reveal yourself to friends,family and lovers in stages,at appropriate times,这里表达了向朋友、家人、爱人开放自我的重要性,应该等同于A所说的向彼此敞开心怀,但要注意句尾的两个状语对"敞开心怀"的方式进行了限制.In stages等于bit by bit,意思是"分阶段地、一步一步地",而at appropriate times指在合适的时候才向对方敞开心怀.整体观察第二个宾语从句,important实际上强调的是两个状语,也就是在in stages和at appropriate times的前提下向朋友敞开心扉是重要的,而不是敞开心扉本身. 由此看来,C的说法更为准确,而A并不是作者的本来意图.B和D在两个宾语从句中都没有提到,可以排除. 故选B.人们利用现代科技的时候会留下踪迹,因此我们居住在一个无法保守秘密的世界.
54.B语义理解 根据The digital bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are,where you are and what you like,作者在这里使用了一个比喻,把数字化操作留下的记录比喻为数字面包屑.本句大意是数字化操作留下的记录可以让陌生人很容易地知道你是谁、你在哪里、你喜欢什么.此后的一句以搜索引擎为例进行了说明. 可知选B.
55.D推理判断 根据美国人口头上的说法:most say they are concerned about losing it,多数人表示担忧隐私泄露.下一段则暴露了美国人的实际行动:Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy,只有一小部分美国人为保护隐私而改变了自己的行为.反过来说,大部分美国人并没有改变什么.这是典型的言行不一,正如这一点开头的一句话所说:people say one thing and do another--这正好和D的说法一致,故选D.
56.D语义理解 根据But privacy does matter-at least sometimes.It's like health; when you have it,you don't notice it.Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it直译为:"隐私是有关系的,至少是某些时候.它就像健康,在你拥有它时,你注意不到它.只有当它离你而去时你才想要是更注意地保护过它就好了."这段话无论从句法结构还是词汇难度上都很容易,也没有出现体现独特英语思维的比喻等修辞,所以理解起来较为轻松,是一道送分题.D的说法完全切合最后一段的说法,是正确的.故选D.
点评 科教类阅读有一定难度,考生可先阅读题干要求,带着问题读文章,可能会更快更准的找到答案,达到事半功半的效果
A. | flexible | B. | complex | C. | simple | D. | concrete |
A. | which | B. | what | C. | that | D. | one |
A. | what | B. | that | C. | which | D. | where |