题目内容
Styles in Western art have changed many times. Art is influenced by the way of life and faith of a people. In the Middle Ages, the main a 71 of painters was to represent religious themes. It is e____72___(明显的) that artists were interested in creating respect and love for God. In the Renaissance, people became focused less on religion and more on humans. Artists a___73_____(努力) to paint people and mature as they really were. Masaccio a____74___(采用) perspective in his paintings which made people convinced that they were looking through a hole in the wall at a real scene. ____75_____(巧合的是), oil paints were also developed at this time. In the late 19th century, the impressionists were the first to paint outdoors. They had to paint quickly and their paintings were ____76_____(有争议的). However, today people accept impressionist paintings as the beginning of modern art. Some modern art is realistic while some is a 77 .
71. aim 72. evident 73. attempted 74. adopted
75. By coincidence 76. controversial 77. abstract
新思维假期作业暑假吉林大学出版社系列答案
蓝天教育暑假优化学习系列答案Can you imagine exchanging the pleasure of city life for a quiet life in the countryside?
Many people want to move from the country to the city because they think that life in the city is more exciting and better than that in countryside,especially young people
wh
o like new,modern things.People like popular things and feel that they can only find the latest styles in the city.
However,it 
is possible to enjoy the higher quality of country life and still enjoy some o
f the advantages of living in the city.
Nowadays,traveling is fast and easy,and information can be found on the Internet,so many people are able to do their work in home offices.Because they have e-mail and personal computers,they don’t have to be in big cities to manage their businesses.It is not important where they actually work because the results of their work can be sent everywhere with e-mails.Therefore,there is no need to put up with all of the disadvantages of the city.Now they can escape busy city life to enjoy the quiet country life and still be able to have successful jobs.
Other people are interested in technological things and high-tech jobs and think they can only find them in big cities.If they want to find a job,especially a good position in a company,they think that they have to live in a
city.For these jobs,they are willing to put up with many of the disadvantages of city life,such as crime,heavy traffic,and pollution.
【小题1】The main idea of this passage is that .
| A．life in the city is different from life in the countryside |
B．people prefer living in the city to l iving in the countryside |
| C．cities have more disadvantages than the countryside |
| D．more and more people like living in the city |
| A．e-mail technology | B．personal computers |
| C．transportation and computers | D．business |
ies don’t have?| A．Technology. | B．Traffic. | C．Education. | D．Natural environment. |
| A．He is for it. | B．He is against it. | C．He likes neither. | D．He shows no opinion. |
Seventeenth-century houses in colonial North American were simple structures that were primarily functional, carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteen century, however, houses began to show a new elegance. As wealth increased, more and more colonist built fine houses.
Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left either to amateur (业余) designers or to carpenters who were engaged in translating architectural handbooks imported from England. Inventories of libraries shows an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders, and the houses built during the eighteenth century show their influence. Nevertheless, most household architecture of the first-quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.
Increasing wealth and growing sophistication (文化修养) throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design, whether the material was wood, stone, or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus (推动) to the use of more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone, but only in Pennsylvania and areas nearby was stone widely used in buildings. An increased use of brick in houses and outbuildings is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland, but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners. In the Carolinas, even in closely packed Charleston, wooden houses were much common than brick houses.
Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvements over the former ones. Windows were made larger and shutters removed. Large, clear panes replaced the small leaded glass of the seventeenth century. Doorways were larger and more decorative.
Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms. Walls were made of plaster or wood. White paint began to take the place of blues, yellows, greens, and lead colors, which had been popular for walls in the earlier years. After about 1730, advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers.
【小题1】What’s the passage mainly about?
| A．The improved design of eighteenth-century colonial houses. |
| B．A comparison of eighteenth-century houses and modern houses. |
| C．The decorations used in eighteenth-century houses. |
| D．The role of carpenters in building eighteenth-century houses. |
North America?
| A．More architects arrived in the colonies. |
| B．The colonists developed an interest in classical architecture. |
| C．Bricks were more readily available |
| D．The colonists had more money to spend on housing. |
North America?
| A．professional architects | B．customers | C．interior decorators | D．carpenters |
| A．generally ignored | B．broken by professional architects |
| C．not strictly stuck to | D．only followed by older builders |
| A．description | B．developing | C．difference | D．interest |
Seventeenth-century houses in colonial North American were simple structures that were primarily functional, carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteen century, however, houses began to show a new elegance. As wealth increased, more and more colonist built fine houses.
Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left either to amateur (业余) designers or to carpenters who were engaged in translating architectural handbooks imported from England. Inventories of libraries shows an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders, and the houses built during the eighteenth century show their influence. Nevertheless, most household architecture of the first-quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.
Increasing wealth and growing sophistication (文化修养) throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design, whether the material was wood, stone, or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus (推动) to the use of more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone, but only in Pennsylvania and areas nearby was stone widely used in buildings. An increased use of brick in houses and outbuildings is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland, but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners. In the Carolinas, even in closely packed Charleston, wooden houses were much common than brick houses.
Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvements over the former ones. Windows were made larger and shutters removed. Large, clear panes replaced the small leaded glass of the seventeenth century. Doorways were larger and more decorative.
Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms. Walls were made of plaster or wood. White paint began to take the place of blues, yellows, greens, and lead colors, which had been popular for walls in the earlier years. After about 1730, advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers.
1.What’s the passage mainly about?
|
A．The improved design of eighteenth-century colonial houses. |
|
B．A comparison of eighteenth-century houses and modern houses. |
|
C．The decorations used in eighteenth-century houses. |
|
D．The role of carpenters in building eighteenth-century houses. |
2.What was one of the main reasons for the change in architectural style in eighteenth-century
North America?
|
A．More architects arrived in the colonies. |
|
B．The colonists developed an interest in classical architecture. |
|
C．Bricks were more readily available |
|
D．The colonists had more money to spend on housing. |
3.According to the passage, who was responsible for designing houses in eighteenth-century
North America?
|
A．professional architects |
B．customers |
C．interior decorators |
D．carpenters |
4.The passage implies that the rules described in architectural handbooks were ____________.
|
A．generally ignored |
B．broken by professional architects |
|
C．not strictly stuck to |
D．only followed by older builders |
5.The underlined word “divergence”欧 is closest in meaning to ________.
|
A．description |
B．developing |
C．difference |
D．interest |