题目内容

11.It's not hard to find drugs,and sometimes it may seem like everyone's doing them-or wanting you to do them.But as with anything that seems too good to be true,there are downsides to taking drugs.
How Drugs Work
Drugs are chem icals that change the way our bodies work.Some are medicines that help people when doctors prescribe(开处方) them.Many have no medical use or benefits.
When taken,drugs find their way into the bloodstream.From there,they're sent to the brain and other parts of the b ody.In the br ain,drugs may strengthen or weaken the senses,change how alert or sleepy people feel,and sometimes decrease physical pain.
Because of the way drugs work on the brain,they affect the ability to make healthy choices and decisions.Even drinking makes people more likely to get involved in dangerous situations,like driving under the influence or having unprotected sex.
How drugs affect people depends on lots of things:
●the kind of drug taken
●how much is taken
●how often someone uses it
●how quickly it gets to the brain
●what other drugs,food,or substances are taken at the same time
●the person's body size,shape,and chemistry
Although substances can feel good at first,they can do a lot of harm to the body and brain.Drinking alcohol,smoking or using tobacco,taking illegal drugs,even sniffing glue all damage the human body.
8.Which of the following can replace"downsides"?B
A.benefits        B.disadvantages         C.effects      D.changes
9.Which is wrong about drugs?B
A.Drugs change how our body works.
B.Many drugs have no medical benefits.
C.All drugs may help people decrease physical pain.
D.Drugs affect people's ability to make healthy decisions.
10.According to the passage,all the things about drugs exceptAaffect people.
A.who prescribes them
B.the types of drugs taken
C.the food to take with drugs
D.the amount of drugs taken
11.What's the main idea of the passage?B
A.Finding drugs are not hard.
B.The way drugs work.
C.Things that contribute to how drugs affect people.
D.Taking drugs are not always good to people.

分析 文章讲了毒品是怎么发挥作用的,以及影响毒品作用的因素,除了一些情况下治病外,它们更多会给人们带来危害.

解答 8.B.词义判断题.由句意可知,药物还会有导致吸毒的风险,这是缺点,disadvantages,故选B.
9.B.理解判断题.由第二段Some are medicines that help people when doctors prescribe(开处方) them,可知毒品在医生正确应用的时候是有益的,B选项错误,故选B.
10.A.理解判断题.由How drugs affect people depends on lots of things中包含的点可知只有A项没有提到,故选A.
11.B.主旨归纳题.由文意可知,文章讲了毒品是怎么发挥作用的,以及影响毒品作用的因素,因此可知文章讲述了毒品是怎么生效的,故选B.

点评 关于科教类阅读中的一些专业词语或生词,考生要学会略过某些对阅读影响不大的词.如果必须要弄清它的意思,则可以根据词形进行判断,或者从该词在句子中的功用以及与其他词语之间的关系猜测生词的意思.也可根据上下文和其他词语的按时猜测生词的含义.

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16.To live a long life,we've been told to eat well,exercise and manage stress.Now an eight-decade study indicates that is only part of the story.Health scientists Friedman explains some secrets to longevity(长寿) in the Longevity Project.
Friedman drew upon the work of Stanford University psychologist Lewis Terman,who began the study in 1921.Terman selected about 1,500 of the brightest boys and girls that he could find and tracked them throughout their lives.He died in 1956,but the project was carried on by others.Friedman took over the work in 1990 and used the data gathered for decades to better understand health and longevity.
"Genetic factors offer part of the explanation for why about one third of the people are more exposed to diseases and live shorter lives,"says Friedman."But there's much more to that."
Take character for example.Cheerful and optimistic children are actually less likely to live long lives."The most cheerful and optimistic kids grew up to take more risks,"explains Friedman."They tended to be smokers or heavier drinkers,and their hobbies were riskier."
Often,with responsibility come stress.But some stress is not necessarily a bad thing,says Friedman.Actually,when the participants found meaning in their stressful jobs,they were committed to them and stress didn't hurt them.They thrived(茁壮成长) in spite of---or perhaps with the aid of---it.
Friedman also found that the conventional wisdom about fitness isn't quite right.If we try too hard to push ourselves into exercise,it can fail.Physical activity is important,they found,but it's more about doing what you love than sticking filmly to a certain fitness program.
And for adults who have fallen into long-sitting lifestyles,it's not too late."if you can pick up an activity that you like---you don't have to go to the gym every morning---that really has a big impact on the rest of your life,"says Friedman.
33.Which of the following is NOT true about the Longevity Project?A
A.It has lasted for eight decades.
B.It was started by Terman in 1921.
C.It paused for a while after Terman's death.
D.About 1,500 boys and girls took part in the study.
34.If you want to join a fitness program,you'd betterD
A.stick firmly to it
B.try to exercise as hard as you can
C.ask other people to do it with you
D.choose whatever you really enjoy
35.Accoding to Friedman,D.
A.cheerful and optimistic children tend to live longer
B.taking up stressful jobs is always bad for people's longevity
C.it's impossible for adults with long-sitting lifestyles to live longer
D.genetic factors are not the only reason for people's getting diseases.
3.Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals,causing them to wake up earlier.While this may seem a little concern,it is in fact a serious environmental problem.The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant decreases in the population of several species.
Some of the first evidence of the problem came from Colorado,where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological Lab have been observing marmot (旱獭) hibernation behavior since the 1970s.In the early days of their studies,marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May.Nowadays,however,temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5degrees Fahrenheit,and the marmots wake up about a month earlier.
At least the marmots are still hibernating.Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently.Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year.Chipmunks (花鼠) in the US and some snakes in Australia also skipped the hibernation period.The bears seem to have survived without losing many individuals.The chipmunks and snakes,however,were not so lucky.Many of the animals died of starvation during the winter.
The problem with animals waking up early,or skipping hibernation altogether,lies with the creatures'metabolism (新陈代谢).When the animals hibernate,their metabolism drops significantly.The animals'heart rate slows,and they require very little energy to live.When the animals awake in the spring,their metabolism returns to normal.
But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation,food sources aren't as available as they were before.A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer,thinking it's spring,but plants will not have got the amount of sun they need to grow.So until the plants grow,the marmots have no reliable food source.
Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse.For many biologists,that's a scary prospect.Terry Root,an animal expert at Stanford University,said,"I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species."

32.What is the viewpoint of the writer?B
A.Global warming will continue to get worse as time goes on.
B.Waking up early in spring may lead to the extinction of some animals.
C.Shortened hibernation will definitely decrease the population of animals.
D.Animals which do not hibernate die of starvation.
33.The writer sets the example of the marmot in order toA.
A.indicate that global warming influences animals'hibernation
B.explain that the weather gets warmer and warmer now
C.show that the weather in the United States is quite different
D.say some animals do not hibernate now due to warm weather
34.Judging from recent observation,which of the following animals suffered the LEAST from shortened hibernation?A
A.Brown bears.
B.Marmots.
C.Some snakes in Australia.
D.Chipmunks in the US.
35.Why can't marmots find enough food when they wake up?D
A.Because there are too many marmots in the wild now.
B.Because more and more animal species skip hibernation now.
C.Because winter days end much earlier than before.
D.Because plants haven't received enough sunlight for spring growth.
6.When I entered the classroom,our teacher announced we were going to have a math test.I took a look at the (36)B full of what looked like hieroglyphs(象形文字)to me and began to (37)C.I did the best that I could,and then left my (38)A to put my paper in a pile on the front desk with a(n) (39)B.
I returned to my seat and then an idea came to mind.I (40)D where the teacher was before I made my (41)C.She was walking in the (42)C of the room with her back turned.I left my seat and went back to the pile of test papers already handed (43)B and when I picked up my paper I also (44)D the paper right below it before returning to my seat.When I looked at the (45)A paper I had taken,I discovered it was the work of the (46)D girl in our class.I copied her answers to my paper.
The next day the teacher handed back our papers turning them facedown on everyone's desk.When I (47)B my paper over,I was (48)A to see an"F"on it.After class I went to the girl whose answers I had (49)A and said to her,"That math test was difficult.I (50)C it.I guess we need to study more."Her (51)A was,"Not me,I got every question (52)B and got an A".
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36.A.blackboardB.paperC.bookD.picture
37.A.thinkB.cryC.worryD.sleep
38.A.seatB.classroomC.partnerD.teacher
39.A.joyB.signC.ideaD.problem
40.A.believedB.foundC.ignoredD.checked
41.A.choiceB.mindC.moveD.comment
42.A.frontB.middleC.backD.outside
43.A.outB.inC.overD.on
44.A.sawB.broughtC.rememberedD.included
45.A.extraB.newC.cleanD.difficult
46.A.tallestB.oldestC.prettiestD.smartest
47.A.gotB.turnedC.putD.took
48.A.shockedB.angryC.happyD.excited
49.A.copiedB.readC.markedD.examined
50.A.knewB.madeC.failedD.lost
51.A.replyB.attitudeC.opinionD.purpose
52.A.readyB.rightC.doneD.good
53.A.toldB.remindedC.allowedD.advised
54.A.speechB.jokeC.wishD.promise
55.A.honestB.friendlyC.carefulD.hopeful

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