When I was fourteen, I earned money in the summer by cutting lawns(草坪), and within a few weeks I had built up a body of customers. I got to know people by the flowers they planted that I had to remember not to cut down, by the things they lost in the grass or struck in the ground on purpose. I reached the point with most of them when I knew in advance what complaint was about to be spoken, which particular request was most important. And I learned something about the measure of my neighbors by their preferred method of payment: by the job, by the month--- or not at all.
Mr. Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason why. On one day, he had no  change for a fifty, on another he was flat out of checks, on another, he was simply out when I knocked on his door. Still, except for the money apart, he was a nice enough guy, always waving or tipping his hat when he’d see me from a distance. I figured him for a thin retirement check, maybe a work-relayed injury that kept him from doing his own yard work. Sure, I kept track of the total, but I didn’t worry about the amount too much. Grass was grass, and the little that Mr. Ballou’s property comprised didn’t take long to trim (修剪).
Then, one late afternoon in mid-July, the hottest time of the year, I was walking by his house and he opened the door, mentioned me to come inside. The hall was cool, shaded, and it took my eyes a minute to adjust to the dim light. 
“ I owe you,” Mr Ballou, “ but…”
I thought I’d save him the trouble of thinking of a new excuse. “ No problem. Don’t worry about it.”
“ The bank made a mistake in my account,” he continued, ignoring my words. “ It will be cleared up in a day or two . But in the meantime I thought perhaps you could choose one or two volumes for a down payment.
He gestured toward the walls and I saw that books were stacked (堆放) everywhere. It was like a library, except with no order to the arrangement.
“ Take your time,” Mr. Ballou encouraged. “Read, borrow, keep. Find something you like. What do you read?”
“ I don’t know.” And I didn’t. I generally read what was in front of me, what I could get from the paperback stack at the drugstore, what I found at the library, magazines, the back of cereal boxes, comics. The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me, but, I realized, not without appeal--- so I started to look through the piles of books.
“ You actually read all of these?”
“ This isn’t much,” Mr. Ballou said. “ This is nothing, just what I’ve kept, the ones worth looking at a second time.”
“ Pick for me, then.”
He raised his eyebrows, cocked his head, and regarded me as though measuring me for a suit. After a moment, he nodded, searched through a stack, and handed me a dark red hardbound book, fairly thick.
“ The Last of the Just,” I read. “ By Andre Schwarz-Bart. What’s it about?” “ You tell me,” he said. “ Next week.”
I started after supper, sitting outdoors on an uncomfortable kitchen chair. Within a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil. Translated from French, the language was elegant, simple, impossible to resist. When the evening light finally failed I moved inside, read all through the night,
To this day, thirty years later, I vividly remember the experience. It was my first voluntary encounter with world literature, and I was stunned (震惊) by the concentrated power a novel could contain. I lacked the vocabulary, however, to translate my feelings into words, so the next week. When Mr. Ballou asked, “ Well?” I only replied, “ It was good?”
“ Keep it, then,” he said. “ Shall I suggest another?”
I nodded, and was presented with the paperback edition of Margaret Mead’s Coming of Age in Samoa ( a very important book on the study of the social and cultural development of peoples--- anthropology (人类学) ).
To make two long stories short, Mr. Ballou never paid me a cent for cutting his grass that year or the next, but for fifteen years I taught anthropology at Dartmouth College. Summer reading was not the innocent entertainment I had assumed it to be, not a light-hearted, instantly forgettable escape in a hammock (吊床) ( though I have since enjoyed many of those, too). A book, if it arrives before you at the right moment, in the proper season, at an internal in the daily business of things, will change the course of all that follows.
【小题1】.The author thought that Mr. Ballou was ______________.

A.rich but meanB.poor but polite
C.honest but forgettableD.strong but lazy
【小题2】. Before his encounter with Mr. Ballou, the author used to read _____________.
A.anything and everythingB.only what was given to him
C.only serious novelsD.nothing in the summer
【小题3】. The author found the first book Mr. Ballou gave him _____________.
A.light-heated and enjoyableB.dull but well written
C.impossible to put downD.difficult to understand
【小题4】. From what he said to the author we can gather that Mr. Ballou _______________.
A.read all books twiceB.did not do much reading
C.read more books than he keptD.preferred to read hardbound books
【小题5】. The following year the author _______________.
A.started studying anthropology at collegeB.continued to cut Mr. Ballou’s lawn
C.spent most of his time lazing away in a hammock
D.had forgotten what he had read the summer before
【小题6】. The author’s main point is that _____________.
A.summer jobs are really good for young people
B.you should insist on being paid before you do a job
C.a good book can change the direction of your life
D.a book is like a garden carried in the pocket.


Have you ever heard the story of the four-minute mile? Many years ago, people believed that it was impossible for a human being to run a mile in less than four minutes until Roger Banister proved it wrong in1954.
What happens if you put an animal in a pond? Any animal, big or small, will swim its way through. What happens when someone, who does not know how to swim, falls in deep waters? They drown. If an animal who has not learned swimming could escape by swimming, why not you? Because you believe you will drown while the animal does not.
Have you ever wondered why the letters are organized in a particular order on hour keyboard? You might have thought it is to increase the typing speed. Most people never question it. But the fact is that this system was developed to reduce the typing speed at a time when typewriter parts would jam if the operator typed too fast.
These three cases show the power of our beliefs. There is no other more powerful directing force in human behavior than belief. Your beliefs have the power to create and to destroy. A belief delivers a direct command to your nervous system.
I used a snake in my workshops for children to show them how unrealistic some of their beliefs are. Students of a school in India, said snakes were slippery, slimy (黏糊糊的) and poisonous. After doing an exercise for changing beliefs, they handled my snake and found it to be dry and clean. They also remembered that only three types of poisonous snakes exist in India.
Did this story end the way you thought? Review your beliefs now and find out which ones you need to change.
36. In the author’s opinion, if a person in deep water doesn’t know how to swim he will drown because _________.
A. he is afraid of water               B. he doesn’t want to live in the world
C. he hasn’t learned to swim before     D. he believes he will drown
37. The author thinks that the letters are organized in a particular order on your keyboard in order to _________.
A. reduce one’s typing speed          B. satisfy the operator
C. save more space                  D. increase one’s typing speed
38. The author’s experiment shows that __________.
A. snakes in India aren’t poisonous       B. snakes can be caught easily
C. snakes are slimy and poisonous       D. snakes are dry and clean
39. According to the passage, we know that ________.
A. students from India have unrealistic beliefs on how to live a better life
B. an animal who has not learned to swim will drown if you put it in a pond.
C. Roger Banister was the first person who ran a mile in less than four minutes.
D. most people don’t like the order the letters are arranged on your keyboard
40. The main idea of this passage should be that _______.
A. beliefs make us seem stupid           B. beliefs are very powerful
C. changing your beliefs now if necessary  D. people should always believe in themselves

How often do you sit still and do absolutely nothing? The usual answer these days is“never” or “hardly ever”. As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.

  Stress is a natural part of everyday life. There is no way to avoid it, since it takes many and varied forms-driving in traffic, problems with personal relationships are all different forms of stress. Stress, in fact, is not the “baddy” it is often reputed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

  The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make a choice between “fight” or “fright” and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life and death. The crisis we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. All the energy is shifted to cope with the stress. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.

  Stress in some people produces stomach disorders, while others experience tension headaches. Since we cannot remove stress from our 1ives, We need to find ways to cope with it.

1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because       .

A. they are working harder than they used to

B. they are often too busy to find the time

C. they are not clear of how to relax by themselves

D. they are suffering from the effects of stress

2.What is implied but not stated in the passage?

A. The art of relaxation can greatly help people bear stress.

B. People in primitive days know certain ways to deal with stress.

C. If one gets into the habit of relaxing every day he can overcome stress easily.

D. Stress can lead to serious health problem if one is exposed to it for too long.

3.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 suggests that       .

A. stress is not always a bad thing for people

B. stress has a bad reputation of causing ill health

C. stress is not so terrible as people often believe it to be

D. stress is always harmful to people all the time

4.According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?

A. Relaxation in life only benefits us mentally.

B. Different people can stand different amounts of stress.

C. All the stress can lead to poor performance.

D. Large amounts of stress is important to people's lire.

5.What is the writer's attitude to stress according to the passage?

A. Stress as well as relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.

B. Stress should not be rid completely from the life.

C. Stress produces both positive and negative effects on people.

D. People usually work better under stress if they are healthy.

 

He came into the room to shut the windows while we were still in bed and I saw he looked ill. He was shivering, his face was white, and he walked slowly as though it ached to move.

"What's the matter, Schatz?"

"I've got a headache."

"You better go back to bed."

"No. I'm all right."

"You go to bed. I'll see you when I'm dressed."

But when I came downstairs he was dressed, sitting by the fire, looking a very sick and miserable boy of nine years. When I put my hand on his forehead I knew he had a fever.

"You go up to bed," I said, "You're sick."

"I'm all right," he said.

When the doctor came he took the boy's temperature.

"What's is it?" I asked him.

"One hundred and two."

Downstairs, the doctor left three different medicines in different colored capsules(胶囊) with instructions for giving them. One was to bring down the fever, another a purgative(泻药), the third to overcome an acid condition. The germs of influenza(流感)can only exist in an acid condition, he explained. He seemed to know all about influenza and said there was nothing to worry about if the fever did not go above one hundred and four degrees. This was a light epidemic(传染病;传染性的) of flu and there was no danger if you avoided pneumonia(肺炎).

Back in the room I wrote the boy's temperature down and made a note of the time to give the various capsules.

"Do you want me to read to you?"

"All right. If you want to, " said the boy. His face was very white and there were dark areas under his eyes. He lay still in the bed and seemed very detached(超然的;冷漠的)from what was going on.

I read aloud from Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates(海盗);but I could see he was not following what I was reading.

"How do you feel, Schatz?" I asked him.

"Just the same, so far," he said.

I sat at the foot of the bed and read to myself while I waited for it to be time to give another capsule. It would have been natural for him to go to sleep, but when I looked up he was looking at the foot of the bed, looking very strangely.

"Why don't you try to sleep? I'll wake you up for the medicine."

"I'd rather stay awake."

After a while he said to me, "You don't have to stay in here with me, Papa, if it bothers you."

"It doesn't bother me."

"No, I mean you don't have to stay if it's going to bother you."

I thought perhaps he was a little lightheaded and after giving him the prescribed capsules at eleven o'clock I went out with my gun and the young hunting dog….I killed two quail(鹌鹑), and missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey of quail close to the house and happy there were so many left to find on another day.

At the house they said the boy had refused to let anyone come into the room.

"You can't come in," he said. "You mustn't get what I have."

I went up to him and found him in exactly the position I had left him, white-faced, but with the tops of his cheeks flushed(发红)by the fever, staring still, as he had stared, at the foot of the bed.

I took his temperature.

"What is it?"

"Something like a hundred," I said. It was one hundred and two and four tenths.

"It was a hundred and two," he said.

"Who said so?"

"The doctor."

"Your temperature is all right," I said. "It's nothing to worry about."

"I don't worry," he said, "but I can't keep from thinking."

"Don't think," I said. "Just take it easy."

"I'm taking it easy," he said and looked straight ahead, He was evidently holding tight onto himself about something.

"Take this with water."

"Do you think it will do any good?"

"Of course it will."

I sat down and opened the Pirate book and began to read, but I could see he was not following, so I stopped.

"About what time do you think I'm going to die?" he asked.

"What?"

"About how long will it be before I die?"

"You aren't going to die. What's the matter with you? "

"Oh, yes, I am, I heard him say a hundred and two."

"People don't die with a fever of one hundred and two. That's a silly way to talk."

"I know they do. At school in France the boys told me you can't live with forty-four degrees. I've got a hundred and two."

He had been waiting to die all day, ever since nine o'clock in the morning.

"You poor Schatz," I said. "Poor old Schatz. It's like miles and kilometers. You aren't going to die. That's different thermometer(温度计). On that thermometer thirty-seven is normal. On this kind it's ninety-eight."

"Are you sure?"

"Absolutely," I said, "It's like miles and kilometers. You know, like how many kilometers we make when we do seventy miles in the car?"

"Oh," he said.

But his gaze at the foot of the bed relaxed slowly. The hold over himself relaxed too, finally, and the next day it was very slack(松驰的) and he cried very easily at little things that were of no importance.

1.The author writes about the doctor’s visit in order to _____.

A. show the doctor’s knowledge about influenza and its treatment

B. show the boy’s illness was quite serious

C. create a situation of misunderstanding around which to build a story

D. show the father was very much concerned about the boy’s illness

2.The pronoun “it” in “Papa, if it bothers you” (line 41) refers to _____.

A. the boy’s high temperature

B. the father giving the medicine to the boy

C. the father staying with the boy

D. the boy’s death

3.It can be inferred from the story that it is _____ by the time the father gets home from hunting.

A. early in the afternoon                            B. close to evening

C. at noon                                                      D. late in the morning

4.From the story we know that the boy kept tight control over himself because _____.

A. he did not want to be a bother to others

B. he wanted to recover quickly so that he could go hunting with his father

C. he was afraid that he would die if he lost control over himself

D. he thought he was going to die and he must show courage in the face of death

5.That the boy cried very easily at little things of no importance the next day suggests that _____.

A. he couldn’t control his emotions when he finally relaxed

B. his father would go out hunting without him if he didn’t cry

C. something went wrong with his brain after the fever

D. he often complained about unimportant things as a spoiled boy

6.The theme of the story is _____.

A. death is something beyond a child’s comprehension

B. to be calm and controlled in the face of death is a mark of courage

C. misunderstanding can occur even between father and son

D. misunderstanding can sometimes lead to an unexpected effect

 

We would probably all be amazed if we watched a videotape of ourselves performing basically unconscious acts as we go about the business of the day. These unconscious acts consist of all the little personal habits that we don’t even think about, but definitely should. These are some of the things that present an image of who we are to others, and if we are careless in performing them, this image may well be other than we would like it to be.
Parents who insist that their children practice good manners and habits at home are doing them a great service, for these habits then become lifelong and the natural way they do things. It proves true that their unconscious actions will reflect a well-mannered person.
People who, for example, eat with both arms on the table at home will likely do so when out. Those who are lazy and slow in private will certainly be so in public. Children who are permitted to be disrespectful to their parents will follow suit with other adults, and will, most likely, become adults who are disrespectful of others. This is an area where the saying “practice makes perfect” may be applied.
There is an article about the actress, Audrey Hepburn, known for her beautiful carriage and posture. According to her biographer, her grandmother tied her neck to the back of her chair, at table, so that she would not drop down suddenly over her food, but rather would learn to put only small amounts of food on her spoon or fork and bring them to her mouth. This is a rather extreme “at home” method for the development of erect (直立的) posture, but it does illustrate the effectiveness of practicing good habits so that, when in public, they are instinctive.

  1. 1.

    Which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage?

    1. A.
      Parents should be responsible for their children’s good habits.
    2. B.
      The actress is well known for her beautiful posture.
    3. C.
      We should always be aware of our manners.
    4. D.
      Without good manners, one can never be perfect.
  2. 2.

    Those who eat with both arms on the table at home ______.

    1. A.
      will probably change the habit when eating out with their relatives
    2. B.
      will probably have the same habit when they have meals in the restaurant
    3. C.
      will feel embarrassed when having meals with so many strangers in public
    4. D.
      will always put their arms on the table no matter where they eat
  3. 3.

    The meaning of “practice makes perfect” in the third paragraph is ______.

    1. A.
      the more practice one has, the better job he will do
    2. B.
      the more perfect one is, the more practice he needs
    3. C.
      if one has enough practice, he will become perfect
    4. D.
      perfect makes a person practice more
  4. 4.

    Which of the following are NOT true?

    1. A.
      If we are not careful about our unconscious acts, the images of ourselves presented to others will be quite undesirable.
    2. B.
      The good habits formed in one’s childhood will benefit him throughout his life.
    3. C.
      If parents do not care about the disrespectful attitude adopted by their children towards themselves, their children might be disrespectful to others.
    4. D.
      It is unlikely that a well-mannered person will not embarrass himself in public.

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