题目内容

【题目】假如你是李华,作为交换生正在美国乔治中学学习,发现学校附近的“市民中心公园(Civic Center Park)”的步行小道没有照明路灯,导致发生几起跌倒事故,存在严重安全隐患。请你用英语给市长写一封邮件,内容包括:

1. 反映问题;

2. 说明理由;

3. 提出建议。

注意:1. 词数80左右;

2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:步行小道small lanes

Honourable Mayor,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【答案】Honourable Mayor,

I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China studying in George High School. I’ve noticed there are no street lights along the small lanes in the nearby Civic Center Park. Due to the unavailability of street lights, several minor accidents such as falling over an object have happened in the park.

This park is very popular with the residents and a brighter lit park will encourage more people to use it conveniently. May I suggest that the city council look into installing lights along the small lanes to allow better visibility in the park?

Thank you for considering my suggestion.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【解析】

本篇考查的作文类型是建议信。

1步:根据提示可知,本篇为一封电子邮件:假如你是李华,作为交换生正在美国乔治中学学习,发现学校附近的市民中心公园(Civic Center Park的步行小道没有照明路灯,导致发生几起跌倒事故,存在严重安全隐患。请你用英语给市长写一封邮件,内容包括:1. 反映问题;2. 说明理由;3. 提出建议。

2步:根据写作要求,确定关键词(组),如:an exchange student from China(来自中国的一名交换生);along the small lanes in the nearby Civic Center Park(沿着附近市民中心公园的小巷子);encourage more to use it optimally(鼓励更多的人以最佳方式使用它);等。

3步:根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。

4步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

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【题目】 A study has shown that severe stress lasting weeks or months can damage cell communications in the brain’s memory areas. Recently, researchers from University of California, Irvine, have provided the first evidence that short-term stress lasting for a few hours has the same effect.

“Stress does exist in our lives and cannot be avoided,” said Dr. Baram, leader of the UC Irvine School. “Our findings can play an important role in the present development of medicine that might prevent these undesirable effects and offer understanding of why some people are forgetful or have difficulty keeping the memories.”

In their study, Baram and her UC Irvine colleagues identified a novel process in which stress caused these effects. They found that, severe stress activated(激活) Corticotropin Releasing Hormones(CRH), which prevented the brain from keeping memory.

Memory takes place at synapses, where there are connections through which brain cells communicate. These synapses lie on dendritic spines(神经元). In rat and mouse studies, Baram’s group saw that the release(释放) of CRH in the brain’s primary memory center led to the rapid breakup of these dendritic spines, which in turn limited the ability of synapses to collect and store memories.

In addition, the researchers reproduced the effects of stress on dendritic spines by keeping low levels of CRH, and watching how the spines ruptured over minutes. “Fortunately, once we removed the CRH, the spines seemed to grow back again, ” Baram said. “And this study can play a role in the creation of treatments to address stress-related memory loss.”

1According to the text, short-term stress can lead to ________.

A.memory lossB.cell decrease

C.head damageD.thought disorder

2The underlined word “ruptured” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________.

A.came into beingB.built up

C.broke apartD.died away

3What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?

A.To discuss the main stages of stress.

B.To show the primary cause of stress.

C.To introduce a new finding about stress.

D.To promote an effective treatment for stress.

【题目】 Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers, desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.

Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.

This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.

Harry Morrison, chief executive (主管) of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes: “I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking — we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”

Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions (排放). Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.

The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted (授予) the standard, they can use a logo (标识) in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.

1What’s the main idea of the passage?

A.Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.

B.Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.

C.Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.

D.Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers, environmental awareness.

2The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.

A.affectB.change

C.disturbD.reject

3According to Harry Morrison, businesses .

A.will benefit from cutting carbon emissions

B.should buy carbon allowances for shoppers

C.are required to make up for their carbon emissions

D.have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere

4We can learn from the passage that businesses will .

A.have a strong desire to reduce costs

B.use the same logo in their marketing

C.gain advantages by taking early action

D.attract more shoppers by storing goods

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