题目内容
【题目】语法填空
In recent years, learning Chinese(become) popular among people around the world. Last month, I received an email from my cousin Jack in Canada. He said he was enthusiasticChinese, and asked me to find him some books(intend) for Chinese beginners. I was very pleased to doa favor. So I went from one bookstore to, hoping to find something suitable for him.(final) I selected a set of Chinese textbooks among (vary) similar ones. Then I went to a post office to have them delivered by air without delay. Several days later, I received Jack's email, (say) that he really appreciated the books I had sent. I'm very glad that Jack is beginning to learn Chinese just like many other(foreign) abroad,I know it may be an enjoyable challenge for him.
【答案】has become;about/over;intended;him;another;Finally;various;saying;foreigners;but
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,近年来,学习汉语成了全世界上很流行的事情。上个月,我远在加拿大的表弟写信让我给买汉语书籍,打算开始学汉语。我转了好多家书店才找到,然后给他寄了过去。尽管我知道那可能对他来说是一个挑战,但我真的很高兴他开始和其他外国人一样学汉语了。
(1)考查时态。根据前面时间状语in recent years判断句子应该用现在完成时,此处Chinese是指“英语”,是不可数名词,根据主谓一致的原则,填has become。
(2)考查介词。 句意:他说他对中国人充满热情。可知答案为about/over。
(3)考查非谓语动词。从结构可知此处是形容词短语做后置定语修饰名词books,be intended for固定短语,“为….设计的,或者打算的”,故填intended。
(4)考查代词。 句意:我很高兴帮助他。do sb. a favor固定短语,“给某人以恩惠,帮助某人”。可知答案为him。
(5)考查不定代词。句意:于是我从一家书店到另一家书店。from one ……to another固定短语 “从一个….到另一个”,填another。
(6)考查副词。根据上文内容可知作者一家书店挨一家书店地去找书,所以此处表示“终于,最终”的意思,填Finally。
(7)考查形容词。句意:在各种各样的相似的汉语课本中。形容词修饰名词,答案为various。
(8)考查非谓语动词。从结构分析此处是分词做状语,表示伴随情况。动词say和主语I之间是主动关系,应该用现在分词,填saying。
(9)考查名词。 句意:想很多其他的外国人。用名词复数形式,答案为foreigners。
(10)考查连词。根据句意可知前后句内容是转折关系。句意:尽管我知道那可能对他来说是一个挑战,但我真的很高兴他开始和其他外国人一样学汉语了。可知答案为but。
【题目】请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rushing into business. Firms of all types are using AI to forecast demand, hire workers and deal with customers. The McKinsey Global Institute, a think-tank within a consultancy, forecasts that just applying AI to marketing, sales and supply chains could create economic value of $2.7trn over the next 20 years.
Such grand forecasts fuel anxiety as well as hope. Less familiar, but just as important, is how AI will transform the workplace.
Start with the benefits.AI ought to improve productivity. Humanyze, a people analytics software provider, combines data from its badges(工牌)with employees’ calendars and e-mails to work out, say, whether office layouts favour teamwork .Slack, a workplace messaging app, helps managers assess how quickly employees accomplish tasks. Companies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.
Employees will gain, too. Thanks to advance in computer vision, AI can check that workers are wearing safety equipment and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor. Some will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better.
Machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them. That starts with hiring. People often have biases but algorithms(算法), if designed correctly, can be more unprejudiced. Software can flag patterns that people might miss.
Yet AI’s benefits will come with many potential drawbacks. Algorithms may not be free of the biases of their programmers, which can have unintended consequences. The length of a travel may predict whether an employee will quit a job, but this focus may harm poorer applicants. Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity. And surveillance(监控)may feel Orwellian—a sensitive matter now that people have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives.
As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to guide its spread. First, data should be anonymized where possible. Microsoft, for example, has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office, but gives managers information only in aggregated(整合)form. Second, the use of AI ought to be transparent. Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their workplaces and which data are being gathered. As a matter of routine, algorithms used by firms to hire, fire and promote should be tested for bias and unintended consequences. Last, countries should let individuals request their own data, whether they are ex-workers wishing to contest a dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.
The march of Al into the workplace calls for trade-offs between privacy and performance. A fairer, more productive workforce is a prize worth having, but not if it chains employees. Striking a balance will require thought, a willingness for both employers and employees to adapt and a strong dose of humanity.
AI Spy | |
Passage outline | Supporting details |
Introduction | While its future in business is full of 【1】, AI affects the workplace negatively. |
Advantages of AI | ·AI makes business more productive by analyzing the office layout, assessing the employees’ working efficiency and 【2】 their behavior. ·AI can 【3】 employees’ safety and provide feedback for them to better themselves. ·AI helps businesses hire more suitable employees and develop a better 【4】 of promotion and pay rise. |
Potential drawbacks of AI | ·Undesirable results may arise due to the biases of the programmers. ·Poorer applicants and older staff are at a 【5】 ·Employees’ privacy is 【6】 in the age of AI. |
Principles 【7】 AI’s spread | ·Keep the data anonymous when they are gathered and used. 【8】 employees of technologies used in the workplace and test the algorithms to avoid undesirable results. ·【9】 employees to access data for their own sake. |
Summary | Only when employees and employers are 【10】 to adapt and respect each other, can AI make workplace fairer and more productive. |