Question

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
When thinking about placing a human being in space, one of the most important questions was how to design special clothing needed to protect a person from the dangers of the space environment. The cold of space will freeze skin in a short time. The fierce heat of the sun can cause serious burns. The lack of atmosphere can cause gases in the body to expand(扩大) and even burst. With no oxygen to breathe, a human being will die in only a few moments. Radiation from the sun is another risk in space. So is damage from small pieces of rock and objects like meteoroids (陨石).
In 1933, an American flyer, Wiley Post, designed one of the first successful devices to protect a pilot at extreme heights. It was a large device that looked like a can surrounded the pilot's head. Astronauts in the American space agency (NASA) flew the first American space flights in the early 1960s. The clothing was similar to that invented by Wiley Post.
Today, astronauts wear very different protective clothing. It lets them move, do useful tasks, and stay outside their spacecraft in comfort and safety for several hours. The spacesuit is called the shuttle extravehicular mobility unit or EMU. It was designed to endure longer and to permit more movement than earlier spacesuits.
The EMU has a number of parts that an astronaut can link together by using only one hand, which makes it possible for each astronaut to select the parts that fit correctly.
Nowadays, NASA scientists are also considering the kind of spacesuits that would be needed for exploration on the planet Mars. Because of the gravity on Mars, spacesuits may have to be designed to be lighter than suits used in orbit or on the moon. The equipment may also have to protect astronauts from dust carried in the winds on Mars. And, they must be easy to repair and keep clean during a longer flight to and from the red planet.
（1）Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the dangers of space environment?
A.Lack of oxygen.
B.Fierce heat from the sun.
C.Gases in the body.
D.Radiation from the sun.
（2）Which of the following statements is true, according to this passage?
A.Wiley Post designed the first protective clothing for astronauts.
B.Astronauts in earlier spacesuits had difficulty in moving, doing useful tasks and so on.
C.EMU has many parts that can be linked together by using two hands.
D.Special spacesuits have been used for exploration of the planet Mars.
（3）The underlined word “endure” means _______.
A.provide
B.move
C.last
D.live
（4）The best title of the passage might be ______.
A.Space exploration
B.Astronauts' flights
C.The Advantages of Spacesuits
D.The Development of Spacesuits

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】文章主要介绍了太空服的发展历程。人类进入太空所要面对的重要问题之一便是怎样设计出能够抵挡太空恶劣环境的防护服。早期的太空服给宇航员的行动和执行任务带来不便，现在的太空服已经能够让宇航员行动自如。

（1）C细节理解题。根据首段“The cold of space... The fierce heat of the sun ...The lack of atmosphere...With no oxygen to breathe...Radiation from the sun...So is damage from small pieces of rock and objects like meteoroids (陨石).”可知，A、B、D都是太空环境潜在的危险，故选C。

（2）B推理判断题。根据第二段“It was a large device that looked like a can surrounded the pilot's head...the first American space flights in the early 1960s. The clothing was similar to that invented by Wiley Post.”可知，首次太空之旅所用的防护服与Wiley Post发明的装置相似，说明不是Wiley Post发明了第一代防护服，排除A；根据第四段“The EMU has a number of parts that an astronaut can link together by using only one hand”可知，宇航员用一只手就可以很方便地操作EMU，排除C；根据第五段“Nowadays, NASA scientists are also considering the kind of spacesuits that would be needed for exploration on the planet Mars”可知，特制的太空服尚未用于火星探索，排除D；根据第三段“...very different protective clothing. It lets them move, do useful tasks, and stay outside their spacecraft in comfort and safety for several hours.”可知，以前的太空服不能让宇航员行动自如，也不便于执行任务，而现在的太空服能够做到这些，故选B。

（3）C猜测词义题。endure longer和permit more movement是并列关系，两者都是与以前的太空服相比，EMU具有的优势，即EMU的设计出发点是更持久、行动更自如，故选C。

（4）D选择最佳标题。文章首段“one of the most important questions was how to design special clothing”就提到了怎样设计特殊的太空服这一问题，第二段提到了早期的太空服，第三段和第四段介绍了现代的太空服，第五段对未来的太空服提出了设想，由此可知，文章主要讲的是太空服的发展，故选D。