题目内容

16．LIPITOR atorvastatin calcium tablets   
WHO IS LIPITOR FOR？
Who can take LIPITOR：•People who cannot lower their cholesterol （胆固醇） enough with diet and exercise•Adults and children over 10Who should NOT take LIPITOR：•Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant．LIPITOR may harm your unborn baby．If you become pregnant，stop LIPITOR and call your doctor right away•Women who are breast-feeding．LIPITOR can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby•People with liver problems or allergic （过敏的） to anything in LIPITOR 
HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR Do：•Take LIPITOR at any time of day，with or without food•If you miss a dose，take it as soon as you remember．But if it has been more than 12hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time Don't：•Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor•Do not give your LIPITOR to other people．It may harm them even if your problems are the same 
POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people：•Muscle problems that can lead to kidney problems，including kidney failure．Your chance for muscle problems is higher if you take certain other medicines with LIPITOR•Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start LIPITOR and while you are taking it Call your doctor right away if you have：•Unexplained muscle weakness or pain，especially if you have a fever or feel very tired•Allergic reactions including swelling（肿胀） of the face，lips，tongue，and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing which may require treatment right away•Nausea，vomiting，or stomach pain•Feeling more tired than usual•Your skin and the whites of your eyes turn yellow•Allergic skin reactions Common side effects of LIPITOR are：•Diarrhea （腹泻）•Muscle and joint pain•Upset stomach•Changes in some blood tests
NEED MORE INFORMATION？•Ask your doctor or health care provider•Go to www．lipitor．com 
It was a horrible feeling； I was having a heart attack．Now I'm exercising，watching my diet，and trust my heart to Lipitor

70．LIPITOR is a medicineC．
A．specially designed for young kids 
B．to cure serious liver problems
C．that can lower the risk for heart attack   
D．for mothers-to-be to lower cholesterol
71．Which of the following is most likely to be a bad sign for LIPITOR takers？C
A．Drinking alcohol twice a day．
B．Changes in medical tests．
C．Discomfort and ache in muscles．
D．Feeling tired after a day's work．
72．If it has been over 12hours since you missed a dose，you shouldB．
A．change the amount of your next dose   
B．take the next dose at your regular time
C．have a dose as soon as you remember   
D．eat more when taking your next dose
73．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text？D
A．LIPITOR should never be taken with other food at the same time．
B．Skipping is the best choice for those who have missed one dose．
C．Recommendation is encouraged if one feels LIPITOR to be good．
D．People can consult the professionals for details of the medicine．

分析 本文是一篇说明文阅读，主要从以下几点介绍了Lipitor-立普妥这种药物：1、哪些人不能服用立普妥；2、服用立普妥的要求；3、服用立普妥可能引起的副作用；4、建议人们咨询更多立普妥的信息．

解答 70．C 细节理解题．根据最后一段It was a horrible feeling； I was having a heart attack．Now I'm exercising，watching my diet，and trust my heart to Lipitor．可知LIPITOR是一种降低心脏病发作风险的药．故选C．
71．C 推理判断题．根据第四段Unexplained muscle weakness or pain，可知原因不明的肌肉无力或疼痛是服用立普妥Lipitor的一个副作用．故选C．
72．B 推理判断题．根据第三段But if it has been more than 12hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time．可知如果超过12个小时没有吃药，应该等到下次在规定的时间里吃药．故选B．
73．D 细节理解题．根据倒数第二段Ask your doctor or health care provider•Go to www．lipitor．com．可知人们可以向专业人员咨询药物的信息．故选D．

点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力，抓住文章的关键词，采用寻读的方法查找细节，能根据已知的结果推测导致结果的可能原因．

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19．-Do you have enough to      all your daily expenses？
-Oh yes，enough and to spare．（　　）
A．coverB．spendC．fillD．offer
7．Cooking programs and classes for children seem to positively influence children's food preferences and behaviors，according to a recent review．And，although the review didn't look at long-term effects of such programs，the findings suggest that such programs might help children develop long-lasting healthy habits．
This research comes at a time when childhood obesity（肥胖） rates have been rising rapidly．More than one-third of adolescents in the United States were obese in 2012，according to the U．S．Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC）．This trend has been caused，at least in part，by a significant decrease in the amount of meals that people consume at home since the 1980s，according to background information in the study．
Cooking education programs，such as Food Explorers，teach children about new healthy foods and how to prepare them．They also stress the importance of eating five fruits and vegetables every day．A volunteer parent explains a new food to the group，and the kids make something based on the lesson，such as fruit or vegetable salad．Depending on the program，kids may be sent home with information about healthy foods to bring to their parents，the review explained．
The study team reviewed eight other studies that tested different types of cooking education programs．Children in these classes were between 5and 12years old，according to the review．The goal of the study team was to learn more about developing an efficient program to encourage healthy food choices that last a lifetime．The study found that it is particularly important to expose kids to healthy foods on a number of occasions．This makes them feel comfortable with the new foods，which helps them build healthy habits．
The study stressed the importance of getting parents involved in（参与） their children's eating habits．Parents who are unable to enroll their kids in a cooking class can achieve similar benefits by having their kids help them while they prepare meals at home．Children are more comfortable at home，which makes them more receptive to new foods because they will make the connection to a positive experience．

36．What can we infer from the second paragraph？A
A．Eating out frequently causes obesity．
B．Childhood obesity is totally caused by eating habit．
C．Childhood obesity rates have been rising rapidly since 2012
D．Food consumption has decreased significantly since the 1980s．
37．On cooking education programs，C．
A．children learn how to prepare foods from their parents
B．children will learn how to cook in the company of their parents
C．children may learn information unknown to their parents
D．children focus more on cooking skills than on information about healthy foods
38．Which of the following is true according to the study？B
A．Parents should let their kids cook independently at home．
B．A greater willingness to try new foods helps building healthy habits．
C．Children who participate in cooking programs are less likely to become obese．
D．Children who take cooking courses are more likely to choose fruits and vegetables as adults．
39．Which of the following categories does this passage belong to？D
A．Education Systems
B．Science and Technology
C．Parent-child Relationship
D．Public Health Research
40．The purpose of the passage isA．
A．to inform the reader
B．to entertain the reader
C．to discuss with the reader
D．to warn the reader．
4．The Ebola Virus
Currently，the world is facing an epidemic （流行病） due to what is considered to be among the most dangerous viruses that humanity has ever faced-the Ebola bleeding virus．Though there were announcements about experimental treatments that were reported to be successful in terms of treating the virus，people around the world continue to die from Ebola．
Ebola was first discovered in 1976in Africa，on the banks of the Ebola River，after which the virus has been named．Back then，there were two major outbreaks of the virus，and this is how people learned about it．There exist several strains of the Ebola virus，some of them are deadly to people，and some are not．
The main symptoms of Ebola can appear in a period between the second and the 21st days of infection，but usually it happens on the eighth through 10th day．Among the symptoms that appear in the first turn，one should mention fever and chills，strong headaches，pain in joints and muscles，and general weakness．These symptoms are not too different from those that people usually experience when catching a severe cold，or flu，so victims may even ignore these symptoms，or try to treat them as a common sickness．However，as the virus keeps progressing，a patient develops nausea（呕吐） with vomiting，diarrhea，chest and stomach pains，red eyes and rash over the body，severe weight loss，and bleeding from almost all bodily openings．
The virus is usually transmitted either through blood，or through waste．Infection through blood usually takes place if a person consumes infested meat，or even touches it （for example，butchering can also lead to infection）．Also，there were cases when people got infected after stepping in waste of infected mammals，mostly bats．The other ways of getting infected is through skin by receiving bodily liquids via tiny openings．
Even though there is no specific cure for Ebola，doctors still try to treat it．In order to diagnose Ebola，doctors usually take tests on such diseases as cholera or malaria，because it is difficult to diagnose Ebola based only on symptoms．After the diagnosis has been made，doctors start treating the symptoms，which includes killing infected cells，electrolytes，blood pressure medication，blood transfusions，oxygen treatment，and so on．
Though Ebola is a highly dangerous disease，it is not likely that it will spread globally．It is most deadly in anti-sanitary（不卫生的） conditions，which many African countries have an extremely bad reputation for．As for first world countries，even though there is still no universal cure，they are at much lesser risk than African countries．Though the symptoms of Ebola are severe and getting infected is not difficult，with the correct handling of an outbreak，the virus should not be able to spread．


（71）Introduction		●Ebola，a dangerous virus，was named after the Ebola River，on whose banks it was first discovered．
●Despite the （72）announced/reported success in the virus treatment，people across the world continue to die from the virus．

Symptoms		●In the first turn，the symptoms are （73）similar to those that people experience when they are （74）suffering from a severe cold or flu．
●If not （75）taken seriously，the virus will keep progressing，and things will change for the worse．

Ways of getting infected		●People （76）consuming infested meat or touching it can get infected．
●People who step in waste of infected mammals，mostly bats，are （77）likely to get infected．
●People who receive bodily liquids via tiny openings can also get infected．

Treatment and  （78）prevention		●After making correct diagnosis，doctors start treating the symptoms in many ways，（79）including killing infected cells，blood pressure medication，oxygen therapy，and so on．
●Sanitary living conditions play a significant （80）part/role in preventing the outbreak of the Ebola virus．
11．What would you do to reduce the chance of dying of cancer？How far would you go if you had a 70to 90percent chance of contracting bowel--and your uncle，mother，father，and two of your brothers had died from it？
Lynne Fisher decided she would do almost anything．So，even though she showed no signs of cancer at all，Fisher，51，a former mental health worker，agreed to undergo what might sound like a radical surgery：doctors removed nearly her whole colon（结肠） and rerouted her small intestine（肠） to perform the functions of her large intestine．
The side effects were horrific，she said．For a year，Fisher struggled to control her bowel movements．She fought depression，and she hated her large scars and the 28staples that had been left in her body．Her Multiple Sclerosis returned．The woman she shared a hospital room with--who'd had a similar surgery--did not survive．
"When you're in it，it's like a dark tunnel，"she told ABC News in a long phone conversation about her medical history．
But then，one day，she realized the surgery had helped saved her life．And since then，she's never looked back．
"What's a year out of your life compared to dying？"  the 51-year-old said from her home in central England．"I get to watch my dogs grow up，my children grow up，my grandchild，I get to see my cherry blossoms in the tree，I get to see the sun shining in the morning，I get to go on holiday--I get to see life．"
Genes that cause breast cancer have been discussed widely for years．But less well known is Lynch syndrome，the gene mutation that Fisher and her much of her family inherited．
Roughly one in 370people has Lynch syndrome，according to Lynch Syndrome International，an organization dedicated to helping people with Lynch syndrome and those who treat them．It's unclear how many Americans choose to have the surgery that Fisher had：prophylactic subtotal colectomy，which doctors describe as a major surgery that，while elective，can often save lives．

36．Why did Lynne Fisher decide to remove nearly her whole colon？C
A．Because she has already had a cancer．
B．Because she thought the colon was useless．
C．Because she was afraid of dying of bowel cancer someday．
D．Because her doctor persuaded her to do that．
37．According to the passage，what is NOT true about the surgery undergone by Lynne Fisher？A
A．It is only a very simple and easy surgery．
B．It can bring about some terrible side effects．
C．It's possible for one to die of the surgery．
D．It takes one maybe a year to recover from the surgery．
38．What can we learn from the underlined sentence？C
A．Lynne Fisher really regretted what she had done．
B．Lynne Fisher thought it was not worth a year to have the surgery．
C．Compared to death，the suffering during the year was worthwhile．
D．Lynne Fisher spent a painful year in recovering from the surgery．
39．What can we learn from the last paragraph？A
A．About 0.27% people have Lynch syndrome now in America．
B．We can tell exactly how many people have had the surgery．
C．Lynch Syndrome International helps people with Lynch syndrome only．
D．People with Lynch syndrome will be forced to have the surgery．
40．The main purpose of the passage is toD．
A．persuade people with Lynch syndrome to have a surgery
B．introduce Lynne Fisher and the disease she developed
C．tell us something about the Lynch syndrome and its effect on our health
D．introduce Lynch syndrome to us and tell us that a surgery can save lives．
1．After hours sitting inside Deep Worker，it feels good to get back．While you're stretching on the deck，others on the ship are at work studying the data you have collected．
The rock samples you collected are taken to a laboratory on board the ship．Tests performed on ocean rocks can show the age of the seafloor．Many people will study the videotapes of the swordfish．There is nothing like a video to show others exactly what you saw and experienced in the deep．Videos capture details of how animals move and behave-details that a person sitting inside Deep Worker could easily miss．Those details can help scientists better understand the role each kind of animal plays in its deep-sea community．
While you were below，Deep Worker's exact location was being tracked．Thus，detailed maps of the seafloor，showing underwater canyons and mountains far beneath the surface can be made with the help of this information．Dive by dive，Sylvia Earle and her fellow scientists are piecing together remarkable pictures of the deep sea-a world that until recently was as unknown as a distant planet．
Since Sylvia first began exploring the waters around Florida，she's seen changes-trash on the seafloor，fewer fish，polluted water．These ocean problems in Florida and in many other parts of the world make people like Sylvia anxious．They want to know how to protect the ocean，and how to restore it to good health where damage has been done．
Sylvia and other scientists are learning more about the ocean，especially the deep sea，than ever before．The more we know about a place，the better we understand it．As Sylvia says，"With knowing comes caring．If people care about something，they will work to protect it．"
66．What does the bold-typed phrase"this information"in Paragraph 3 refer to？D
A．The location of underwater canyons and mountains．
B．Remarkable pictures of the deep sea．
C．These ocean problems．
D．The track of Deep Worker．
67．Sylvia Earle is probably a scientist whoB．
A．specializes in making maps
B．cares about the ocean
C．works on an unknown ship
D．performs experiments in a laboratory
68．According to Paragraph 4，which statement about Sylvia is TRUE？SylviaBA．has seen fewer fish and polluted water 
B．is concerned about the ocean problems
C．has explored the waters and protected the ocean
D．has restored good health after her injury
69．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？D
A．Working below in Deep Worker
B．Ocean Exploration and Ocean Maps
C．Deep Worker Saving the World 
D．Ocean familiarity and Ocean Preservation．
8．Plastic bags that can help bread and cheese remain fresh for a long time have been developed by scientists．The technology，which uses chemicals that prevent bacteria and fungi （真霉） from growing，allows food to last longer．It could put an end to throwing away supermarket bread after just a couple of days in the bread bin and cheese that goes mouldy after just a few weeks．
The company，Janssen，has spent two years developing the technology with the plastics manufacturer，Symphony Environmental．They are now in discussion with several food factories and supermarkets about using the bags for their products．The technology could also be used to make credit cards and the new plastic bank notes more hygienic （卫生的）．Tests have shown that the plastic can increase the shelf life of bread and cheese without letting the food go bad．Michael Stephen，director of Symphony Environmental，said the plastic also has the potential to do the same for fruit，vegetables and even meat．He said，"we have come up with a way of making the plastic that is antibacterial and that can be used in food wrapping．We have done a lot of tests on food packaging which have shown such plastic can reduce the mould that grows on both bread and cheese．"
In Britain，around 15 million tons of food is thrown away each year，mostly because it has spoiled or gone bad．Bread is the most wasted food，with families throwing away 4.4 million tons a year-about a third of all the bread purchased by UK families．Tesco，Britain's biggest supermarket，revealed last month that almost half of the bread sold in its stores ended up in the bin．
The technology developed by Janssen and Symphony，which they have called D2P，fixes antibacterial and antifungal chemicals to the plastic．They have found it can control bacteria which can cause food poisoning．It can also control the growth of fungi on bread and others．
Mr．Stephen added，"Initially we expect that it is only used in pipes and door handles，for example，to help reduce the spread of bacteria．It can also be put into man-made fibers so we are doing some experiments to put it into clothes to stop the bacteria that can cause them to smell．"
59．What would happen when people use the plastic bags produced by Janssen？C
A．The sales of bread and cheese would increase soon．
B．Bread and cheese could be stored in a fridge for years．
C．Bread and cheese could be kept for a longer time．
D．Supermarket bread and cheese would be on sale earlier．
60．Why does the writer mention the problem in Britain in Paragraph 3？D
A．To criticize the behaviour of the British．
B．To show the popularity of bread．
C．To criticize the increasing waste of bread．
D．To show the short shelf life of bread．
61．It can be concluded from Mr．Stephen's words thatA．
A．more daily uses for this technology are expected
B．this technology is only used used in pipes and door handles
C．man-made fibers should be improved by this technology
D．people's preference for this technology cannot be expected
62．The passage can be classified asB．
A．an annual review                B．a news report
C．an advertisement                D．a travel guide．
5．The faster your heart       ，the more nervous you'll be．（　　）
A．strikesB．jumpsC．beatsD．hits
18．Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits-including making your brain sharper．
Yes，it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attention．There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning，possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance．Losing weight，therefore，may help improve these mental functions，according to a new research led by John Gunstad，assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University．
Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits（缺陷）．So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function．For their study，they measured memory and attention in a group of l 50overweight participants，some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not．All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study，and again 12weeks later．To begin with．about 24%of the patients showed damaged learning and 23%showed signs of poor memory when tested．At the end of the study，those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions．Scores for the volunteers who didn't lose weight dropped even further．
The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function．Now that he's seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention，he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way-eating healthier and getting more active．He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain．"If we can improve the condition with operations，then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well，''he says．

63．There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchersC
A．believe overweight only affects our body
B．have focused on ways to sharpen people's mind
C．do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability
D．are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions
64．The result of Gunstad's study shows thatB
A．losing weight has little effect on people's memory
B．losing weight can improve people's mental functions
C．overweight people are likely to have psychology problems
D．overweight people's abilities of concentration differ greatly
65．What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research？D
A．Slim people are smarter than overweight people．
B．Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight．
C．Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation
D．Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise．
66．Which of the following is the best title for the text？D
A．Body Weight and Health              B．Losing Weight by Operation
C．Ways to Improve Mental Functions    D．Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind．

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