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¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿When there are some strangers in front of us, which of them will we trust?

According to a new study in the online PLOS One, people make their decisions to trust others largely based on their faces£®Your appearance can do a lot for you, especially if you are in the financial industry£®The more trustworthy you look, the more likely people will buy what you¡¯re selling£®

Researchers from Britain¡¯s University of Warwick Business School, University College London, and Dartmouth College, US, did a number of experiments£®

The research team used computer software to make 40 faces, from the least to the most trustworthy-looking£®

The study said that the difference between a trustworthy face and one that isn¡¯t as trustworthy comes from features that look slightly angry or slightly happy, even when the face is at rest£®However, a slightly happy face is more likely to be trusted£®

Researchers gave participants some money and asked them which face they trusted to invest the money for them£®Then researchers gave some good and bad information about the people with these faces, and asked the participants again whom they trusted£®

The results showed that even if they got different information, the participants didn¡¯t change their choices£®They were still more likely to invest their money with the more trustworthy-looking faces£®

Chris Olivola, one of the study¡¯s authors, said in the University of Warwick¡¯s press release: ¡°It seems we are still willing to go with our own instincts about whether we think someone looks like we can trust them£®The temptation to judge strangers by their faces is hard to resist£®¡±

¡¾1¡¿Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?

A£®What kind of face do you trust?

B£®Who did the experiments?

C£®Why do you trust him or her?

D£®Why did they do the experiments?

¡¾2¡¿According to the study, which of the following faces is most likely to be trusted?

A£®A sad face£® B£®A smiling face£®

C£®A crying face£® D£®An angry face£®

¡¾3¡¿Which of the following about the experiment is TRUE?

A£®The trustworthy faces were given good information£®

B£®Researchers took photos of the 40 people¡¯s faces in college£®

C£®Most participants gave their money to the trustworthy-looking faces£®

D£®Participants liked to choose the faces with good information£®

¡¾4¡¿What did the researchers learn from their experiment?

A£®People can¡¯t refuse temptations£®

B£®People always do things with their instincts£®

C£®People don¡¯t trust strangers with sad faces£®

D£®People often judge strangers by their faces£®

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¡¾1¡¿A

¡¾2¡¿B

¡¾3¡¿C

¡¾4¡¿D

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¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like ¡°Shakespeare,¡± ¡°Samuel Johnson,¡± and ¡°Webster,¡± but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn¡¯t even speak English¡ªWilliam the Conqueror(Õ÷·þÕß).

Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived people belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.

But this state of affairs did not last. In l066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (Çø±ð) between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.

When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more "foreign" than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man's ambition£¨ÐÛÐÄ£©.

¡¾1¡¿The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before l066 were_ .

A. Welsh and Scottish! B. Nordic and Germanic

C. Celtic and Old English. D. Anglo-Saxon and Germanic

¡¾2¡¿Which of the following groups of words are, by inference(¸ù¾ÝÍƶÏ), rooted in French?

A. president, lawyer, beef B. president, bread, water

C. bread, field, sheep D. folk, field, cow

¡¾3¡¿Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?

A. Most advertisements in France appear in English.

B. They know little of the history of the English language.

C. Many French words are similar to English ones.

D. They know French better than German.

¡¾4¡¿What is the subject discussed in the text?

A. The history of Great Britain.

B. The similarity between English and French.

C. The rule of England by William the Conqueror.

D. The French influences on the English language

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