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When you take a walk in any of the cities in the West, you often see a lot of people1. (walk) with dogs. It is still true that the dog is the most useful and faithful animal in the world. But the reasons why people keep a dog2.(change). In the old days, people used to train dogs to protect themselves against the attacks from3.beasts. And later they came4.( realize) that the dog was not only useful5.willing to obey its master. For example, when people used dogs for hunting, the dogs would not eat what they caught without6.(permit). But now people in the city need not protect themselves against attacks of animals. Why do they keep dogs, then? Some people keep dogs to protect themselves from robbery, but the 7.(important) reason is for companionship. For a child,8.dog is his best friend when he has no friends to play with; for a young couple, a dog is 9.child when they have no children; for old couples, a dog is also their child when their real children have grown up. So the main reason why people keep dogs has changed10.protection to friendship.

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Once Tom talked with his classmate, the teacher s____________ at him into silence.

Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing ability.

1. (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes 2. (little) time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. 3. we persist in the practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express 4. (we) in English. When keeping a diary in English, we run up against many 5. (difficult). In the first place, 6. often happens that we have trouble 7. (find) appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is 8. (extreme) hard for us to put them into English properly.

As far as I am concerned, my suggestion is 9. we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is 10. great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.

JOHANNESBURG—They say cats have nine lives. Now a Chinese toad(蟾蜍) has joined that club of clever survivors.

South Africans are shocked at the endurance of a toad that got trapped in a cargo shipment from China to Cape Town, after jumping into a porcelain(瓷器) candlestick（烛台） that was made there. South African officials reportedly planned to put down the creature, fearing it would cause harm as an invasive species if it were let go in the wild.

But the toad got a last-minute pardon. Mango Airlines, a South African airline, transported the toad on Friday to Johannesburg for delivery to an animal shelter, after officials decided to find a way to let the toad live. The two-hour fight was a breeze compared to the trip from China, a long way of many weeks and thousands of kilometers across the Indian Ocean.

Airline spokesman Hein Kaiser said the toad got “first-class treatment”, sitting in a transparent plastic container with escort Brett Glasby, an animal welfare inspector. There was even a ceremony, in which the toad’s boarding pass was handed to Glasby.

“He was the star of the show on the flight,” Kaiser said of the amphibious(两栖的) passenger. “I think every passenger stopped to have a look.”

On landing in Johannesburg, the toad was brought out of its container for a celebrity-style photo shoot. Observers said the brown toad seemed like a cool customer. It belongs to the Asian Toad species, which breeds during the monsoon(季风) season. It is believed to have survived the trip from China by hardening its skin to prevent it from drying out, and also by slowing its breathing and heart rate—methods that help the species survive in times of drought.

“We’ve had snakes in imported timber and scorpions(蝎子) in fruit. We were called because the toad was right inside the candlestick, and we had to break it to get it out” Glasby, the inspector, told The Star, a South African newspaper.

1.What is the passage mainly about

A. An Asian toad gets a new home in South Africa.

B. Asian toads can’t get used to the life in South Africa.

C. Workers shipped a toad to South Africa on purpose.

D. South Africa ignores the protection of animals.

2.What would/might happen if the toad were released into the wild?

A. It would make the locals feel shocked

B. It might harm the native species

C. It would lose its life in the wild

D. It might flee into another country

3.Why was the toad able to arrive in South Africa alive?

A. Because it escaped all attacks and hunts

B. Because it used to stop its breath in winter

C. Because it formed hard skin to protect itself

D. Because it was lucky to be given a chance

4.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Sometimes animal are transported accidentally

B. No one has seen such a big toad in Africa

C. A candlestick is the best place for a toad

D. Droughts make toads live longer.

Does Fame Drive You Crazy?

Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today’s star, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world’s attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!
According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities — famous people — worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.”
The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B.C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.
Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.
If fame is so troublesome, why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.
Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.

1.It can be learned from the passage that stars today___________.

A. are often misunderstood by the public

B. can no longer have their privacy protected

C. spend too much on their public appearance

D. care little about how they have come into fame

2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?

A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired.

B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.

C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.

D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.

3.What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?

A. Availability of modern media.

B. Inadequate social recognition.

C. Lack of favorable chances.

D. Huge population of fans.

4.What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity?

A. Sincere. B. Sceptical.

C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.

I’m seventeen. I had worked as a box boy at a supermarket in Los Angeles. People came to the counter and you put things in their bags for them and carried things to their cars. It was hard work.

While working, you wear a plate with your name on it. I once met someone I knew years ago. I remembered his name and said, "Mr. Castle, how are you?" We talked about this and that. As he left, he said, "It was nice talking to you, Brett." I felt great, he remembered me. Then I looked down at my name plate. Oh, no. He didn’t remember me at all. He just read the name plate. I wish I had put "Irving" down on my name plate. If he’d have said, "Oh yes, Irving, how could I forget you?" I’d have been ready for him. There’s nothing personal here.

The manager and everyone else who were a step above the box boys often shouted orders. One of these was: you couldn’t accept tips. Okay, I’m outside and I put the bags in the car. For a lot of people, the natural reaction is to take a quarter and give it to me. I’d say, "I’m sorry, I can’t." They’d get angry. When you give someone a tip, you’re sort of being polite. You take a quarter and you put it in their hand and you expect them to say, "Oh, thanks a lot." When you say, "I’m sorry, I can’t." they feel a little put down. They say, "No one will know." And they put it in your pocket. You say, "I really can’t."

It gets to a point where you almost have to hurt a person physically to prevent him from tipping you. It was not in agreement with the store’s belief in being friendly. Accepting tips was a friendly thing and made the customer feel good. I just couldn’t understand the strangeness of some people’s ideas. One lady actually put it in my pocket, got in the car, and drove away. I would have had to throw the quarter at her or eaten it or something.

I had decided that one year was enough. Some people needed the job to stay alive and fed. I guess I had the means and could afford to hate it and give it up.

1.What can be the best title for this text?

A. The Art of Taking Tips

B. Why I Gave up My Job

C. How Hard Life Is for Box Boys

D. Getting along with Customers

2.From the second paragraph, we can infer that ________.

A. the writer didn’t like the impersonal part of his job

B. Mr. Castle mistook Irving for Brett

C. with a name plate, people can easily start talking

D. Irving was the writer’s real name

3.The box boy refused to accept tips because ________.

A. customers only gave small tips

B. he didn’t want to fight with the customers

C. the store didn’t allow the box boys to take tips

D. some customers had strange ideas about tipping

4.The underlined phrase "put down" in the third paragraph probably means ________.

A. misunderstood B. defeated

C. hateful D. hurt

The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert（警觉）. Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze（凝视）starts to lose its focus--until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise（同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

1.The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby’s .

A. sense of hearing B. sense of sight

C. sense of touch D. sense of smell

2.Babies are sensitive to the change in _______.

A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures

C. the shape of patterns D. the number of objects

3.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B. To see how babies recognize sounds.

C. To carry their experiment further.

D. To keep the babes interest.

4.Where does this text probably come from?

A. Science fiction. B. Children’s literature.

C. An advertisement. D. A science report.

On 8th March this year, events marking International Women’s Day (IWD) were held in many countries around the world. In most countries the events have a political tone: they tend to celebrate the advances women have made towards economic, social and political equality with men, and to press for change in those areas of life where there is still progress to be made.

In other countries, meanwhile, 8th March is traditionally more about expressing an appreciation of women: it is a day on which men give presents to their wives, girlfriends and mothers, and it therefore has some similarities with St Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day.

Back in 1911, the first IWD events in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland were certainly political. They were protests by women against forms of gender discrimination that would now be unthinkable in most parts of the world: almost nowhere were women allowed to vote, and Finland was the only country with any female members of a national parliament. The general expectation worldwide, across different continents and cultures, was that women would spend their lives largely in the home, devoting themselves to looking after their husbands and children. The rate of women who had paid employment was far lower than today, and when women did go out to work they typically earned very little, meaning they were economically dependent on men.

A century later, gender inequality in employment—particularly pay inequality—is still one of the hottest issues IWD tries to draw attention to: it remains common, of course, for women to earn less than men for doing exactly the same job.

Limited educational opportunities (there are many countries in which girls generally stay fewer years in school than boys) and domestic violence towards women have also been highlighted by events surrounding IWD in recent years.

And yet, as the IWD website notes, ______________________. As just one example, to return to the issue of women elected to office, the change over the last hundred years has been significant. Since 1911, when the small group of women in the Finnish parliament (nineteen of them, to be exact) were the only females in public office worldwide, the governments of more than fifty different countries have been led by women. In 2011, at least one country in every continent has a female leader, including high-profile examples such as Brazil (Dilma Rousseff), Germany (Angela Merkel) and Australia (Julia Gillard).

1.According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. 100 years ago, women were not allowed to work outside.

B. IWD is equal to St Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day in some countries.

C. Finland was the first country with female employment.

D. Pay inequality is a hot issue for IWD.

2.Which word below is closest in meaning to the phrase “press for” in Paragraph 1?

A. prevent B. urge C. express D. want

3.Which of the following is the missing sentence in the first line of the last paragraph?

A. distinctive differences do exist between men and women

B. the achievements are beyond people’s expectations

C. there’s still a long way to go to achieve the set goals

D. alongside the ‘negatives’ there are plenty of ‘positives’

4.We can conclude from the passage that ________.

A. the progress in gaining equality in the last century seems to be too slow

B. the concept of equal pay for equal work is completely accepted in practice

C. much has been achieved in gender equality, but still there is space for improvement

D. one or two female leaders can’t stand for women’s social status on the whole

Living in two different cultures is not an easy thing. When I was ten years old, my parents 1.(move) to the US from Sri Lanka, which is 2. island off the coast of India.

3. we now live in the US, we follow the customs and traditions of Sri Lanka. I have learned to speak 3 languages, including English. I eat a 4. (various) of foods and celebrate different holidays 5. have to do with my culture.

However, there are many disadvantages of being part of two cultures. Sometimes, speaking a language at home and speaking another language in school can be 6. (confuse); sometimes I have trouble 7. (express) my thoughts in English because they can’t understand me well; sometimes my culture does make me 8. (separate) from others because I feel too different. I am 9. (close) to my culture of Sri Lanka than that of the US. I don’t listen to English music as much as I listen to Indian music. Therefore, I feel10.(extreme) lonely when I don’t know what song they are talking about.

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