题目内容

7．The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals （个人） should pay for their higher education．
A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual．Graduates earn more than non-graduates．Meanwhile，social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree．However，only some people have it．So the individual，not the taxpayers，should pay for it．There are pressing calls on the resources （资源） of the government．Using taxpayers'money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them．
Full government funding （资助） is not very good for universities．Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees．He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford，where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government．Guaranteed salaries，Smith argued，were the enemy of hard work； and when the academics were lazy and incompetent，the students were similarly lazy．
If students have to pay for their education，they not only work harder，but also demand more from their teachers．And their teachers have to keep them satisfied．If that means taking teaching seriously，and giving less time to their own res earch interests，that is surely something to celebrate．
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy （经济）．Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth，but so do all the businesses that invest （投资） and create jobs．If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive，you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs．Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest．Therefore，it is the individual，not the government，who should pay for their university education．

68．The underlined word"them"in Paragraph 2 refers toB
A．taxpayers
B．pressing calls
C．college graduates
D．government resources
69．The author thinks that with full government fundingD
A．teachers are less satisfied
B．students are more demanding
C．students will become more competent
D．teachers will spend less time on teaching
70．The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order toA
A．argue against free university education
B．call on them to finance students'studies
C．encourage graduates to go into business
D．show their contribution to higher education．

分析 本文是说明文，主要讲述的是高等教育成本，个人必须为其接受的高等教育付费，大学毕业生收入比非大学毕业生高．同时，社会流动更依赖于学历．然而只有一些人拥有学历．因此并非纳税人，而是个人必须为此付费． 有保障的薪酬是辛勤工作的宿敌，当教师变得懒惰与无能，学生也会同样懒惰． 如果学生必须为其所受教育付费，他们不仅会更加努力地学习，还会希望从老师那里获取更多．而且他们的老师必须使他们满意．那意味着认真治学，且没有太多时间让他们从事为自己的利益进行的研究．

解答 12．B   词意猜测题．根据本句中"There are pressing calls on the resources （资源） of the government．Using taxpayers'money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them．"可知，很多地方迫切需要政府资源．用纳税人的钱来帮助少数人在未来获取高收入并非其中（迫切需要的政府资源）之一．故选B．
13．D   细节理解题．根据题干关键词"full government funding"定位原文，根据第二段"Full government funding （资助） is not very good for universities…．and when the academics were lazy and incompetent，the students were similarly lazy．""lazy"转换成"spend less time"故选D．
14．A   推理判断题．根据第四段"Many people believe that higher education should be free…"可知，作者用来支持支持自己的论点（个人必须为其接受的高等教育付费），也就是要反对free higher education．

点评 解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．

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Soon after the fire，several designs work put forward for the redevelopment of London，among them once from Wren，a favorite or King Charles TI．A common theme was streets spreading out from the river and crossing with others running parallel to it．However，a lack of money to buy the land and the need to rebuild the city quickly ruined all his grand ideas．
Instead，nearly 3，000houses were built within the first three years，mostly back on the original layout．
The task of getting London rebuilt was given to a commits of six men，including Wren．Their role was to manage surveys of ruined properties and consider the fun and scald of new buildings，and any adjustments to the streets．
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31．According to the passage，the fire in LondonA
A． lasted four days before it was out
B． started in the wealthy neighborhood
C． broke out in the afternoon
D． caused thousands deaths
32． Wren's grand ideas to rebuild the city were ruined partly becauseD．
A． King Charles II didn't approve obit
B． they were short of money to pay workers
C． houses should be rebuilt in their fencer place
D． his design required more time than needled
33． Which of the following measures helped prevent fires？C
A． All newly-built roads were widened．
B． All new buildings were of the same height．
C． A limited amount of wood was used．
D． A large number of downpipes were used．
34． What can be learned from the last paragraph？C
A． Wren designed most of the new buildings．
B． It took 35years to build St Paul's Cathedral．
C． Today we can see some buildings lessened by Wren．
D． Two architects designed the 62-metcr tall Monument．
35．Which is the best title for the passage？B
A． Works oaf Great Architect
C． The Great Fire of London
B． Reconstruction of London
D． Measures against Great Fir．
11．因为下雨，开幕式推迟了．（put off）The opening ceremony was put off because of the rain．
8．---It is ridiculous that John wants to make academic progress but never devotes any time to it．
---Maybe it's time for him to know______．（　　）
A．heaven never helps the man who will not act
B．he who makes constant complaint gets little compassion．
C．hope for the best，but prepare for the worst
D．It is easy to be wise after the event．
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In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10years．The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900．For a time，a few birds survived under human care．The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1，1914．

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A．were the biggest bird in the world
B．lived mainly in the south of America
C．did great harm to the natural environment
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A．escape           B．ruin            C．liberation             D．evolution
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A．To seek pleasure        B．To save other birds
C．To make money            D．To protect crops．
27．What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan？B
A．It was ignored by the public         B．It was declared too late．
C．It was unfair                        D．It was strict．
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  Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip．Using these four claws，together with the beak （喙），they can climb about in the bushes，looking very much like primitive birds must have done．When the young hoatzins have learned to fly，they lose their claws．
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63．What is the text mainly about？D
A．Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons．
B．The relatives and enemies of hoatzins．
C．Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon．
D．The appearance and living habits of hoatzins．
64．Young hoatzins are different from their parents in thatB．
A．they look like young cuckoos
B．they have claws on the wings
C．they eat a lot like a cow
D．they live on river banks
65．What can we infer about primitive birds from the text？A
A．They had claws to help them climb．
B．They could fly long distances．
C．They had four wings like hoatzins．
D．They had a head with long feathers on the top．
66．Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes？D
A．To find more food．
B．To protect themselves better．
C．To keep themselves warm．
D．To produce their young．
19．请你改正下面短文中的错误．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
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Dear Editor，
I was a happy girl with a warmly family．My parents loved each other although my family was poor．But everything changed when my father fell in love by a young girl about two year ago．Since then，quarrels happen at home almost on every day，left me and my sister crying in despair．I hate that woman which stole my father．I even hope to live with her before my parents separate and take revenge （报复） on him．But sometimes I think that is not right and I really didn't want my parents to divorce．What should I do？Could you give me hand？
A desperate girl．
16．There's nothing like experiencing history to understand it．So instead of reading  about the U．S．Civil War in textbooks，some schoolchildren in Virginia are creating videos related to the conflict，in which the northern Union and southern Confederate states fought over several issues，including slavery，from l861-1865．
    In one scene，children act as two Union generals，meeting at the Kaploan Klver in central Virginia．The l2-and l3-year-olds are producing a mini-video on the key role temporary pontoon bridges（浮桥）played during the war．After building and crossing a  pontoon bridge，Union soldiers defeated a Confederate army in the Battle of the  Wilderness．
    In another scene，students act as soldiers who are marching to the river with guns．Today，the area is part of a national military park．Park Educational Coordinator Peter Maugle shows the children how to hold the fake guns．"Hopefully they will understand why these places are important through projects and programs like this，and they will make an effort to keep these places preserved for future generations，''he said．
    Another background is a plantation where much of the Battle of the Wilderness was fought．At this location，another group of children is focusing on the diary of a woman who lived in the region during the war．Student director John Ashley says the experience has made him think more about the human aspect of the war．Filmmaker Ghil Hong donated his time to help the students，who have understood it quickly．"They are trying to convey the emotions during the Civil War．They really focus on wanting the story to be accurate，''Hong added．
    With help from advisors，the children also research，write，and edit the videos．Alexis Albert got a chance to try out directing and learned a lot about Civil War history in the process．"It helps me more as a student understand it more than reading a book and looking at words，"he said．
    The project is sponsored by the Journey Through Hallowed Ground，which raises  awareness of historical sites from Pennsylvania to Virginia，including many Civil War battlegrounds．
51．The first paragraph mainly tells US thatA．
A．some US students are making videos on the Civil War
B．US students don't like reading history textbooks
C．The Civil War broke out for abolishing slavery．
D．The Civil War of America lasted for four years
52．The important role that the pontoon bridge mentioned in the second paragraph played lies in thatB．
A．the two generals met on it
B．it contributed to a victory of Union soldiers
C．it looks like a beautiful picture
D．it was build over the Rapidan River
53．Peter Maugle did much to get the students to knowC．
A．how to march like real soldiers
B．how to make fake guns
C．why the national military park is important
D．what the area will be like in the future
54．The group of children is focusing on the diary toB．
A．know more about history of the plantation
B．know more about the human nature during the war
C．spend their spare time in the plantation
D．make up more stories for the film
55．The Journey Through Hallowed Ground sponsors the proj ect toD
A．direct the children to research，write，and edit the videos
B．teach the children more about the Civil War history
C．earn more money by attracting more tourists to the military park
D．make the public pay more attention to the historical sites．
17．-Would you like to see the movie tonight？
-      It's the last thing I want to do．（　　）
A．I'd love toB．Why not？
C．Not in the leastD．No problem．

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