We know the effect calories have on your body. For each pound of weight that your body carries,it takes about 12 calories per pound per day to keep it alive. If you weigh 150 pounds, you therefore need about 1 , 800 calories per day to keep yourself alive and maintain that same weight.

If you were to eat more than 1 , 800 calories per day,the surplus(剩余) turns into fat. It takes about 3,600 excess(过量的) calories to make a pound of fat.

  Let's say that you were to eat,on average, 2,000 calories per day. That extra 200 calories per day is going to turn into fat. However, you will eventually hit a point of equilibrium(平衡, 均衡) because as you gain weight, you need more calories to maintain that weight. So,a person eating an average of 2,000 calories per day will hit equilibrium at (2,000/12) 166. 67 pounds.

  So let's say that you eat,on average, 2 , 000 calories per day and reach equilibrium at 166 pounds. Then you go on a crash diet where you eat only 1 , 000 calories per day for 60 days. You lose 16 pounds and reach your target weight of 150 pounds. But then you go right back to eating 2 , 000 calories per day again. The graph below shows your eating pattern before, during and after the diet:

Note that the graph assumes that you,like most people, eat a random(无计划的) number of calories per day. Some days you are "good" and eat less,and some days you are "bad" and eat more,but the assumption is that it averages out to 2, 000 calories per day over the long run.

This graph shows what happens to your weight before ,during and after the diet :

  

 The diet really takes the weight off. But the weight comes right back when you return to your "normal" eating pattern. The weight appears to come back so quickly because when you are at your lightest,you tend to gain more weight each day. The lighter you are,the fewer calo?ries you need. If you only need 1,500 calories per day and you're eating 2,000,you're going to gain weight faster than if you need 1,800 and you're eating 2,000.

There are only two ways to keep the weight off :

Change your overall eating pattern so that you take in,on average,fewer calories than be?fore you go on the diet.

Start exercising so that you "burn" the extra calories you take in.

The best course of action is a combination of these two choices.

(   ) 5. The problem that the writer tries to deal with is        .

   A. how to lose weight fast while changing the diet

   B. why the weight comes back so quickly once one stops dieting

   C. how to reach the point of equilibrium

   D. what your target weight is

(   ) 6. What can we learn from the two graphs?

   A. It is hard to keep one's normal weight.

   B. The better way for you to lose weight is keeping your dieting.

   C. You will gain weight faster than before dieting.

   D. It is not necessary for you to lose weight by dieting.

(   ) 7. According to the passage,if you weighed 100 pounds and you were to eat on average 1400 calories per day,a year later,you would be        .

   A. 100 pounds

   B. 166. 67 pounds

   C. 97 pounds

   D. 116. 67 pounds

(   ) 8. What is the best way to keep the weight off according to the passage?

   A. Keep your diet and never stop.

   B. Return your overall eating pattern and exercise more.

   C. Take in fewer calories than before your diet and exercise more.

   D. Go on your diet and start exercising to burn the extra calories.




  Hey,all you Muggles, witches, and wizards―are you ready for the grand finale of the Harry Potter series? J. K. Rowling announced on Thursday the title for book seven―Harry Pot?ter and the Deathly Hallows. Book seven in the Harry Potter series will pick up where book six, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince,left off. With the last chapter of book seven,the mag?ical adventures of Harry,Hermione, Ron,and friends will come to an end.

  "I am alternately delighted and worried," says Rowling on her official Web site. She made the announcement of the book title on the Web site. Rowling is currently busy putting the finish?ing touches on the book.

  "I'm now writing scenes that have been planned, in some cases, for a dozen years or even more," says Rowling. Rowling adds that she has been working very hard on this final install?ment in the series. With the title now set,she assured fans that she will indeed finish this book.

  "I both want,and don't want,to finish this book," Rowling says.

It's not too late to catch up on the rest of the series. You can also reread your favorite books while waiting for the last one. The publication date for book seven has not been set. To make the waiting a little easier,there's always the next Harry Potter movie,Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, which is scheduled for release in July 2007. 

(   ) 5. What's the name of the last issue of the Harry Potter series?

   A.Harry Potter and J. K. Rowling

   B.Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince

   C.Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix

   D.Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows

(   ) 6. Muggles, Harry,Hermione and Ron could probably be         .

   A.the best friends of J. K. Rowling

   B.the characters of the Harry Potter series

   C.the fans of Harry Potter

   D.the publishers of the Harry Potter series

(   ) 7. Which of the following is probably the closest in meaning to "alternately"?

   A. in turn   B. in time   C. in general   D. in full

(   ) 8. Which statement is true according to the passage?

   A.Harry Potter Series will be published on the Website.

   B.Book Seven of Harry Potter Series will be published before July 2007.

   C.Book Seven is being written as planned years ago.

   D.Harry Potter will come to the end of his life. 

(   ) 9. In the last paragraph, the writer         .

   A.encourages readers to act out a play following the Harry Potter movies

   B.persuades readers into reading their favorite book rather than Harry Potter series

   C.states that seeing the Harry Potter movies is the best way to catch up the series

   D.advises readers to wait for the publication of Book Seven patiently

  Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over200 years ago. He studied the ob?servations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scien?tists who dealt with such problems.

   However,Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem,but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(椭圓形) .

Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解决,计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531 , 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.

   This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it,the more he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought.    He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.

   It was an astonishing idea!Halley felt certain to make a prediction(预言) of what would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley,s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it,for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley's comet, in his honor.

(   ) 5. Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of .

   A.some different comets appearing several times

   B.the same comet appearing at different times

   C.three different comets appearing at the same time

   D.several comets appearing at the same time 

(   ) 6. Halley made his discovery        .

   A.by doing experiments

   B.by means of his own careful observation

   C.by using the working of other scientists

   D.by chance

(   ) 7. Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year        .

   A. 1704   B. 1705   C. 1706   D. 1707

(   ) 8. This passage in general is about        .

   A.Halley and other scientists

   B.the orbit of a comet

   C.Newton and Halley

   D.Halley and his discovery

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