题目内容

6.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women in America,or probably in the world.
During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for the children.A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties?And would be likely to have seven or eight children,of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.By the time the youngest was fifteen,the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years,during which custom,opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work.Today women marry younger and have fewer children.Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty.Even while she has the care of children,her work is lightened by modern living conditions.
This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position.Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity,and most of them took a full-time job.However,when they married,they usually left work at once and never returned to it.Today the school leaving age is sixteen,many girls stay at school after that age,and though women tend to marry younger,more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born.Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.
Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life,and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money,and running the home,according to the abilities and interests of each of them.
(Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

78.At what age did most women get married in the late nineteenth century?in their middle twenties.
79.A women today can still take care of her children when doing paid work in their forties because ofher age and the lightened work.
80.Of"such changes"today,one is that many more mothersreturn to full or part-time job after their first child is born.
81.What are the factors that cause a couple to share economic and family affairs in an equal way?Their abilities and interests.

分析 文章讲述了美国,甚至世界上妇女生活的巨大变化,如结婚生子的年龄,及婚后是否工作.

解答 78题答案是in their middle twenties.细节理解题.根据A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties可知19世纪末妇女在二十多岁结婚.故答案是in their middle twenties.
79题答案是her age and the lightened work.归纳总结题.根据Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty.Even while she has the care of children,her work is lightened by modern living conditions可知现在的妇女在工作期间还能照顾孩子得益于年龄和工作量的减轻.故答案是:her age and the lightened work.
80题答案是return to full or part-time job.细节理解题.根据Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage可知这种变化是因为妇女生育后又回归到全职或者兼职工作.故答案是:return to full or part-time job.
81题答案是Their abilities and interests.细节理解题.根据Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life,and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money,and running the home,according to the abilities and interests of each of them.可知是根据他们的能力和兴趣来让夫妻平等分担家务和财务.故答案是:Their abilities and interests.

点评 本文是政治经济类类阅读理解.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.同时注意答案字数要求.

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1.Earlier this month,blogger Lisa Henderson announced that she and her husband John had decided not to have Christmas.The family,who lives in Utah,will still put up decorations,but presents from Santa are a no-go this year.
"John and I feel like we are fighting a very hard uphill battle with our kids when it comes to their rights,"Henderson wrote on her blog."It is one of the biggest struggles as a parent these days in middle class America.Our kids have been acting so ungrateful lately…John said,"We shouldn't just celebrate Christmas.And,so that's what we did."
Instead,the Hendersons are putting the money they would have spent on gifts toward service projects in order to teach their three sons the"pleasure of giving."The children will still receive gifts from grandparents and other family members,but this year,she said,their letters to Santa will be asking him to find someone who needs presents more than they do.
In an interview with ABC News,11-year-old Caleb Henderson admitted that he and his brothers had been behaving badly."We would hit each other,we were fighting.Crying,"he admitted,and Lisa said that when she broke the news to her sons,they cried pretty hard.
But so far,Henderson told Fox News last week,the family is having a sudden turning this into a different kind of gift.They have already held a clothing drive and sent boxes of clothes and candy to a village in the Philippines that was hit hard last year by Typhoon Haiyan.
"The children were excited and kept wanting to give more and more,"she reported on her blog.Many readers responded positively to Henderson's post,some sharing their own stories of limiting Christmas in order to teach their children to be charitable(仁慈的)or grateful."As parents you're giving your kids something so much more special than a bunch of gifts on Christmas,"one wrote.
But Henderson received negative follow-ups as well on her blog.Responding to critics,she updated her blog with a statement that reads,in part:
I just wanted to explain a couple of things.First,my kids are in no way hurting for things…They have reacted by making gifts for each other and packing them into each other's stockings stealthily.They are learning exactly what we wanted them to learn,because they are not moving around feeling sorry for themselves.They are thinking of others.
The second thing I wanted to explain is why I wrote this post.Some people seem to think I wrote this for attention.Ummm,the attention you get from posts like this is not good and actually extremely difficult to deal with…The reason I wrote this post is I want to empower parents to feel like it's okay to take a stand…I wanted to share what we are doing,so any parents that feel they are struggling with the same issues in their home can see what others are doing and get ideas for their family.My intention is to help support other parents and to raise amazing kids.

66.The Hendersons decided not to spend Christmas becauseC.
A.their kids could receive presents from their other family members
B.the struggling couple tried to save some money to buy kids gifts
C.they wanted to make their kids understand the pleasure of giving
D.the whole family would go to the disaster areas in the Philippines
67.After joining their parents in doing volunteer services,the Hendersons'kids becameD.
A.selfish and stubborn
B.determined and devoted
C.hopeful and honest
D.grateful and generous
68.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4can be replaced byB.
A.all the kids let out an excited cry when Santa sent them Christmas presents
B.when Lisa told the kids they didn't spend Christmas,they felt extremely sad
C.the moment Lisa said the Philippines was hit by typhoon,they burst into tears
D.when their grandparents didn't send them gifts,the kids couldn't help crying.
69.From the last two paragraphs we can conclude thatA.
A.the writer wants to share his experiences of raising amazing kids
B.educating kids needs regular communication and great patience
C.the writer strongly called on people to care for the unfortunate
D.parents should praise children for their kindness to other people
70.Which of the following can be the best title?A
A.Why These Parents Decided Not To Celebrate Christmas.
B.How Americans Spend A Traditional Christmas Nowadays.
C.A Hard Battle between Kids And Parents At Christmas.
D.What American People Do To Have A Nice Christmas.
11.Well,parents,surprise!Lots of us are using Twitter and Facebook to find rides,and not just to school.It's awkward to call a friend and ask for a ride,and half the time they'll say,"Sorry,my car is full."But with Twitter,you just tweet#AshleysPoolParty and look for other people heading the same way.
It may sound risky,but many teens stay within their own social circles to find rides,and don't branch out beyond friends of friends when asking on Twitter.For me,I only rideshare with people I know,but to some young people,especially those taking longer trips,stranger danger is less of a concern.
The sharing economy got big during the recession(经济衰退).It allows people to access more goods and services using technology,while also allowing them to share cost.And that technology,for me,is what the car was for my mom,a gateway to more freedom.
According to the researchers at the University of Michigan,30 years ago,eight in ten American 18-year-olds had a driver's license.Today it's six in ten.So it's not that surprising that on my 16th birthday I wasn't rushing to get a license.All I wanted was an iPhone.Juliet Schor (Sociology professor at Boston College) knows people my age love being connected and for young people driving means they have to disconnect from their technology,and that's a negative.So if they could sit in the passenger side and still be connected,that's going to be a plus.
To me,another plus is ridesharing represents something much bigger than trying to save money.I see it as evidence that people still depend on each other.My generation shares their cars and apartments the way neighbors used to share cups of sugar.For the system to work,some of us still need our own cars.But until I get my own version of the silver Super Beetle,you can find me on Twitter.
66.The writer usually rideshares withB.
A.anyone heading the same way      B.people he knows
C.friends of friends               D.strangers of his age
67.Fewer young people choose to ride by themselves becauseD.
A.driving means offering free rides to others.
B.getting a driving license becomes more difficult.
C.driving one's own cars causes a negative impression.
D.driving makes them disconnected from technology.
68.We can conclude from the passage thatC
A.the writer rideshares just to save money
B.people under 18 are not allowed to drive
C.silver Super Beetle is the writer's favorite
D.the older generation had to fight for freedom
69.Which is the best title for the passage?A
A.Teens use Twitter to thumb rides.
B.Tips on reducing risks in ridesharing.
C.Car is no longer a gateway to freedom.
D.New generation knows how to save money.
18.These young men were a different kind of prisoner from those we had seen before.They-were brave,hostile(怀敌意的)and(1)     they would not take orders,and shouted
"Amandla!"at every opportunity.Their instinct was to confront(对抗)rather than cooperate.
The authorities②did not know how to handle them,and they turned the island upside down.
During the Rivonia Trial,I remarked to a security policeman that if the government did not reform itself,the freedom fighters who would take our place③would some-day make the
authorities miss us.That day had indeed come on Robben Island.
In these young men we saw the angry revolutionary spirit of the times.I had had some
warning.On a visit with Winnie a few months before,she had managed to tell me through our coded conversation that there was a rising class of discontented youths④who were violent and Africanist in beliefs.She said they were changing the nature of the struggle and that I should be aware of them.
The new prisoners were shocked by what they considered the inhuman conditions of the island,and said that they could not understand how we could live in such a way.We told them
that they should have seen the island in 1964.But hey were almost as sceptical of us as they were of the authorities.They chose to ignore our calls for discipline and thought our advice weak and unassertive(不果断).
It was obvious that they regarded us,the Rivonia Trialists⑤,as moderates⑥(温和派).
After so many years of being branded a radical(激进的)revolutionary,to be seen as a moderate was a novel and not altogether pleasant feeling.I knew that I could react in one of two ways:I could scold them for their disrespect or I could listen to what they were saying.I chose the latter.
'4hen some of these men,such as Strini Moodley of the South African Students'
Organization and Saths Cooper of the Black People's Convention,came into our section,I
(2)     
Shortly after their arrival on the island,the commanding officer came and asked me as a
favour to address the young men.He wanted me to tell them to behave themselves,to recognize the fact that they were in prison and to accept the discipline of prison life.I told him that I was not prepared to do that.Under the circumstances,they would have regarded me as a follower of the authorities.
(-adapted from"Long walk to freedom:The autobiography of Nelson Mandela')

66.Which of the following words fits best in Blank (1)?B
A.mild   B.aggressive   C.friendly   D.optimistic
67•We may infer from the passage all of the following EXCEPT thatD
A.an angry massive revolution was probably on its way
B.the author's activities were strictly monitored
C.many were concerned about the influence these young men could make
D.these young men were willing to cooperate in face of difficulties
68.Sentences are missing in Blank (2)regarding the author's following reactions.Which of the  following reactions do you think he would have?A
A."I"asked them to tell us about their movement and beliefs.
B."I"reported to the officers about their dissatisfaction.
C."I"tried to calm them down and talked them into behaving.
D."I"just turned a deaf ear to the young men.
69.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A
A.Conditions of the prison were far more unsatisfactory in 1964.
B.Officers of the prison turned the island upside down to discipline the young men.
C.The Rivonia Trialists felt honored to be regarded as moderates.
D.The young men regarded the author as a follower of the authorities.
70.Several phrases have been underlined and numbered in the passage; which two of them actually refer to the same people?B
A.①②B.③④C.⑤③D.⑥①
15.The Republic of Vanuatu is an island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean.It was one of the poorest nations in the region.Within the last five years,however,it has become a hot spot for adventure travelers.In 2006 it was voted the happiest place on Earth.The reason is not that Vanuatu are the richest but that Vanuatu has white-sand islands,clear waters,the world's most accessible live volcano,great diving and food that grows faster than it can be picked.
With a population of about 221,000,Vanuatu has 113 languages,which is a result of 3,000 years of immigration from many Pacific countries.There are three official languages:English,French,and Bislama.Bislama developed from South Pacific English,a simplified language that traders and other foreigners used it to communicate with speakers of the many local languages.
Most of the islands are mountainous and of volcanic origin.There are several active volcanoes in Vanuatu,including Yasur on the island of Tanna,one of the world's most accessible volcanoes.If you've ever fancied getting close to a volcano,here's your chance.
Vanuatu Post's Underwater Post Office has quickly become one of the busiest post offices for postcards in the world!Visitors from around the world want to experience the world's first underwater post office.The Post Office is only 50 meters offshore and at just three meters below the surface,very appealing to the young and young at heart.Since opening in 2003,the underwater post office has received about 100,000 visitors.They have posted one of the waterproof(防水的)postcards available in Vanuatu; these cards are collected regularly by one of Vanuatu Post's four trained divers.The underwater branch is manned daily for usually about an hour,longer with demand.
71.Vanuatu was voted the happiest place on Earth becauseD.
  A.it's the poorest nation in the region                
B.it's Vanuatu that are the richest
  C.it's a favorite place for adventurers                
D.it's blessed with abundant nature
72.From the text,Aled to over one hundred languages spoken in Vanuatu.
A.immigration                  
B.location                      
C.dialects                          
D.foreigners
73.Which of the following is true about Vanuatu?B
A.Bislama developed from local Pacific French.
B.Yasur is one of the live volcanoes in Vanuatu.
C.Vanuatu has more than 113 official languages.
D.Underwater Post Office has opened for 5 years.
74.Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?C
A.Working at the underwater branch                  
B.Great diving in amazing Vanuatu
C.A hot spot for adventure travelers      
D.The busiest post office on Earth
75.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?C
A.Various languages
B.Underwater diving.
C.Food in Vanuatu
D.History of Vanuatu.
16.Parents are anxious about their children's education and should be more detached(超脱的)to allow them to develop naturally,a leading headteacher,Peter Tait,says.
Writing in Attain,the magazine of the Independent Association of Prep Schools,Mr.Tait said."While parents are determined to do the very best for their child,they can end up doing the opposite,"He said parents need to exercise"common sense and parental nature"when it comes to raising their children.
He added,"Parents also need to have confidence in those whose job it is to look after their children's education.To do this requires a certain detachment,a willingness to trust the passage of time,focusing on whether their children are happy,challenged and purposeful and are learning the right values.If so,they will be fine".
However,he said,some parents are changing from"sensible"and"moderate(有节制的)"people,who have faith in their schools and teachers,and are"turning into fighters ready to battle with anything and anyone on behalf of‘their'child"."What has made some parents put their own child at the centre of the universe and never to care about the rest?"And he also blamed the obsession(强迫症)over league tables for some parents'anxiety.He said,"League tables have caused too much anxiety for parents and have led to a boom in the number of tutoring agencies as parents feel they have no choice but give their children a chance".
Mr.Tait acknowledged that being a parent has become increasingly difficult.He conclude,"While teachers may occasionally fed discouraged by over sensitive and demanding parents,they should note that this parenting lark is rather more difficult than it used to be".

32.Why does Mr.Tait say parents should be more detached?D
A.They haven't tried their best for their children.
B.They have no common sense or parental nature.
C.It's wrong for them to care about children's education.
D.Their effort doesn't pay off.
33.What does Mr.Tail think parents should care more about?A
A.Children's mental development  B.Children's school reports.
C.Children's wide interests      D.Children's physical health.
34.Which of the following can hest replace the underlined phrase"league tables"in  Paragraph 4?C
A.Parents'obsession        B.Teachers detachment
C.Students'scores ranking  D.Faith in school and teachers
35.What's the main idea of the text?B
A.Parenting is more difficult than it was.
B.Parents should allow children lo develop naturally.
C.Teachers may feel discouraged by demanding parents.
D.Children should be put at the center of the universe.

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