题目内容

短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) ,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

    2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。

    It was a beautiful morning. My friend Bob had persuaded us have a country walk and picnic,start from his village. So soon as we had left the village we found the footpath. The sun began to get hotter as we walk across the fields. Sometimes we stopped to look at wild flowers,and Bob knew most of their name. After a few hours we reached for a lake and stopped to eat our sandwiches. It wasn't until I sat down that I realised how much my feet hurt. I lay down for the rest,but no sooner had I closed my eyes' that Bob said we should set off again. Final the village came into view. It was a great relieve to get back to Bob’s house!

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   Cancers Cells in our bodies are always dividing,as new cells replace old ones. 36 Cancer cells divide rapidly,and form growths called tumours(肿瘤）. They can spread to take over a whole organ and stop it working properly. If cells break away from the tumour,they can travel to other parts of the body and start new tumours.

   We do not know why some people get cancer while others don't. But faulty genes are certainly the cause of some cancers. Others are caused by chemicals in the environment.

   Cancer is not a single disease. 37 The most common types affect the digestive system and lungs. In women,cancers of the breasts and cervix (子宫颈) are also common.

   Smoking is the cause of almost all cases of lung cancer. Tobacco smoke contains chemicals which can damage the lungs. The more cigarettes a person smokes,the greater their risk of suffering from lung cancer. 38 

   Cancers of the skin are also quite common. Many types of radiation,especially ultraviolet rays (紫外线) from the Sun,can damage skin cells and cause cancer.

   Most cancers can be treated successfully if they are caught early enough. Some treatments involve surgery to remove the tumour. This is often followed by a course of strong drugs. 39 They kill healthy cells as well as cancer cells.

   In the most up-to-date treatments,drugs are delivered directly to the cancer cells using “magic bullets”. These are special antibodies which only attach themselves to cancer cells.

   Similarly, radiotherapy(放射疗法) is a type of cancer treatment which uses radiation to kill cancer cells. A narrow bean(光线) of radiation is focused directly at a tumour. 40

   A. Most skin cancers are completely curable.

   B. And the healthy cells nearby are not damaged.

   C. Many of these drugs have unpleasant side-effects.

   D. An X-ray of the lungs shows the position of a tumour.

   E. Different cancers can affect almost any part of the body.

   F. But sometimes the process goes wrong,and a cancer cell is formed.

   G. Fortunately,the risk of getting cancer is reduced when someone stops smoking.

   Most people are poor listeners. Even when we think we are listening carefully,we usually 41 only half of what we hear,and we remember even less. Improving your listening skills can be 42 in every part of your life.

   The most important 43 of poor listening is giving in to distractions（分心的事物） and letting our thoughts 44 . Sometimes,however,we listen too 45 . We try to remember every word a speaker says,and we lose the 46 message by concentrating on details. In other situations,we may jump to conclusions and 47 a speaker without hearing out tbe message. Finally,we often judge people by their 48 or speaking manner 49 listening to what they say.

   You can 50 these poor listening habits by taking several steps. First,take listening 51 and commit yourself to becoming a better listener. Second,work at being a(n) 52 listener. Give your undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to 53 her or his ideas. Third,54 distractions. Make a conscious effort to keep your mind on what the speaker is saying. Fourth,try not to be 55 by appearance or delivery. 56 preconceived(事先形成的) judgments based on a person's looks or manner of speech. Fifth,suspend (延缓.) judgment 57 you have heard the speaker's entire message. Sixth,58 your listening by paying attention to main points,to evidence,and to the speaker's techniques. Finally,develop your note-taking skills. When done 59 ,note taking is an excellent way to improve your concentration and to keep track of a speaker's 60 . It almost forces you to become a more attentive and creative listener.

41. A. grasp   B. realize   C. believe   D. choose

42. A. difficult   B. helpful   C. possible   D. practical

43. A. role   B. factor   C. ftinction   D. cause

44. A. pass   B. wander   C. stop   D. stay

45. A. long   B. clearly   C. hard   D. passively

46. A. main   B. new   C. useful   D. hidden

47. A. prejudge   B. ignore   C. doubt   D. leave

48. A. words   B. speed   C. behavior   D. appearance

49. A. due to   B. along with   C. instead of   D. except for

50. A. pick up   B. give up   C. take up   D. put up

51. A. seriously   B. naturally   C. personally   D. wrongly

52. A. clever   B. active   C. free   D. powerful

53. A. test   B. support   C. understand   D. discuss

54. A. consider   B. share   C. watch   D. resist

55. A. affected   B. puzzled   C. replaced   D. persuaded

56. A. Set aside   B. Set down   C. Set off   D. Set out

57. A. though   B. when   C. until   D. since

58. A. check   B. focus   C. organize   D. monitor

59. A. eagerly   B. secretly   C. slowly   D. properly

60. A. questions   B. plans   C. ideas   D. changes

   How did Indiana get its nickname as “The Hoosier State”? 36 There are many different theories about how the word Hoosier came to be and how it came to have such a connection with the state of Indiana.

   One of the earliest known uses of the term is found in an 1827 letter that states, “There is a trick for you — done up by a Hoosier." 37 Around this time,John Finley of Richmond wrote a poem called The Hoosier's which was widely read.

He wrote the word as “hoosher” and did not explain its meaning,which leads historians to believe that Finley felt his readers would already know and understand the word. Finley wrote, “With men of every hue and fashion,Flock to this rising ‘Hoosher’nation."

   38 In 1848,Bartlett* s Dictionary of Americanisms defined “Hoosier” as “A nickname given at the west,to natives of Indiana." In John Finley's poem,the word “Hoosher” seems to refer less to the pioneers of Indiana and more to the qualities he thought they possessed,like self-reliance and bravery.

   39 Some people think it was created to laugh at Indian訌 as a rough and backward (落后的) place.

Others think that early settlers used the term with pride to describe themselves as a courageous group. One historian,. Jacob Piatt Dunn,even suggested that the word “Hoosier” originally referred to boatmen who lived on the Indiana shore. We may never know for sure. 40

   A. So,what does the word mean?

   B. The word “Hoosier” was widely used by the 1830s.

   C. No one seems to know how the word “Hoosier” came to be.

   D. And how did people from Indiana come to be called “Hoosiers”？

   E. Other early uses provide some ideas about the meaning of the word.

   F. However,research and debate are likely to continue about this mysterious word.

   G. Some theories and stories about the origin of the word “Hoosier” are known to be false.

  A shopping center in Brazil is growing vegetables on its rooftop using waste collected from the mall's restaurants. The garden is on the roof of the Eldorado shopping center in Sao Paolo. Workers there use trash（垃圾） from the restaurants to create compost（堆肥） for the garden. Compost is used to improve the soil of the garden. A spokesman for the mall says that the waste from 10 ,000 meals served each day in its food court goes into the compost.

   Workers grow different kinds of fhiits and vegetables on the rooftop garden,including tomatoes,lettuce and eggplant. The fruits and vegetables grown there provide free food for the employees. Mall officials also hope to reduce the amount of waste that would end up in a garbage dump. This,they hope,will reduce carbon gases entering the atmosphere.

   Cicero Evangelista leads the waste recycling effort. He says about 400 kilograms of organic waste are created every day from the mair s'food court.

   He says ,“We weigh the material and add enzymes that remove bacteria,reduce humidity （湿度) and accelerate decomposition（分解）. This is how we turn organic waste into organic compost."

   Officials at the shopping center want to save as much waste as possible. So,they held workshops for employees to learn how to best collect waste from their stores. Neide Lopes is a food court worker. She says it is helpful to put in the extra work.

   “The program is active and creative,and they distribute the produce among us,so it's very good. It is a way of reducing waste,and we receive food that we don't have to pay for,and that's the best part!” 

   Mall employees say the project reuses waste food to make food and reduces the shopping center's carbon footprint(碳排放量） at the same time.

28. The food court of the Eldorado shopping center.

   A. is on the rooftop

   B. is far from the garbage dump

   C. leads to the setup of the garden

   D. mainly offers take-away service 

29. The produce of the garden is .

   A. for self-use   B. mostly fruits

   C. for sale   D. rich in enzymes

30. According to Cicero Evangelista, .

   A. officials are not very supportive of the program

   B. the organic waste is not made full use of

   C. producing organic compost is not so simple

   D. workshops for employees are ineffective

31. What's the best title for the text?

   A. A new way of making compost

   B. An environmentally friendly lifestyle

   C. Compost is being widely used in Brazilian gardens

   D. Mall in Brazil uses compost to reduce carbon footprint

   Budget cuts and an increased focus on testing have made field trips,once a popular way to get students out of the classroom,increasingly rare.

   “Local school districts don't have the funds (money kept for particular purposes) anymore”’ says Stephanie Norby,director ofthe Smithsonian Center for Education and Museum Studies in Washington,   D. C. The Smithsonian museums are some of the most popular field trip destinations in the country. Although there is little hard data to definitively prove that schools are taking fewer field trips,Norby says it seems as though fewer schools have visited the Smithsonian in recent years.

   Money once spent on field trips is being spent to help students prepare for standardized tests that might make or break a teacher's evaluation,according to Randi Weingarten,president of the American Federation of Teachers,a union that represents more than 1 million educators nationwide.

   “In school these days,if people have a dollar to spare,they spend it on test prep because they get regulated there,”she says.

   Field trips provide students with a window to the real world that they don't get in the classroom,and they can help students . understand real-world applications of seemingly abstract topics in math and science,says Weingarten.

   Susan Singer,CEO of Field Trip Factory,an organization that has spent the last 18 years designing free field trip outlines for schools nationwide,says she thinks schools are merely scheduling around testing.

   “During testing periods,we don't see a lot of field trips,” she says. “Either right before or right after a standardized test,we get a shut door.” 

   Spending time outside the classroom doesn't mean students aren't learning knowledge that could show up on standardized tests. Several studies have shown that students acquire more information and skills through the type of experience-based learning that field trips provide when compared to in-class learning.

   A field trip should be relevant to topics students are studying in school. That way,the Smithsonian's Norby says,it will have a lasting effect.

32. Why is it difficult for schools to take field trips according to Norby?

   A. Students dislike the trips.

   B. They are short of finances.

   C. They have fewer destinations.

   D. Field trips are harder to organize.

33. What do we learn from Weingarten?

   A. Standardized tests can measure student learning.

   B. Money for field trips is used for test preparation.

   C. Schools’ education budgets are properly regulated.

   D. Schools encourage students to know the real world.

34. In the author's opinion,field trips .

   A. may lead to lower test scores

   B. sometimes waste a lot of time

   C. help students gain more knowledge

   D. are less important than in-class learning 

35. The text is mainly about .

   A. the advantages of in-class learning

   B. the effect of standardized tests

   C. the problem of budget cuts

   D. the decline of field trips

   My mother sat in silence,shocked by my guided who bike around the world for charity,sail the globe in search of their roots or see the world through children's eyes. We found many people on boats,bikes and foot,showing that adventure doesn't have to die when a new life is created. As one of my friends says, ‘This is your one and only chance to explore the world with your children as they are now.'

   ‘Mum,' I began awkwardly. 'We're going to travel across New Zealand. Two bikes,two trailers (拖车) ，two toddlers(学步的孩子) and 2,000 miles. ’

   ‘ Two thousand nappies(纸尿裤) more like. ’

   My mother wasn't the only one to raise objections. While friends and family were impressed by our bravery,they were horrified at what it would involve. "No nursery,no babysitters,no bath time,no peace,no escape And that was before we mentioned the real difficulty: pulling 50 kg of trailer,toddler and baggage. And of course the nappies.

   ‘Is there anything I can say to put you off ?’ my mother asked.

   ‘No,Mum/ I replied firmly.

   ‘ Well,we’ 11 see about that.’

   The challenge of dealing with my mother's phone call about potential disasters is as great as anything we may have to face on the road. Meanwhile,we rush to toilet-train bofh children to avoid the nappy carrying. Among the voices of doubt and disapproval,I still sometimes wonder if we are mad,but know we aren't mad alone. We have now been in communication with many of the families I showed my mother on the web. And we can feel our own voice getting stronger and more confident with their encouragement,advice and support.

   Now we know there are so many families out there adventuring,we ,re already developing ideas for a world tour to meet some of these families and talk with them about their experiences and spread the word about the possibilities for independent family adventure. As a friend of ours said, ‘ The only limit is the parents’ imagination/ We intend to let ours run wild.

24. What made the author's mother surprised?

   A. That there’ re so many things to view on the Internet.

   B. That so many parents travel with their small children.

   C. That there,re so many different ways to see the world.

   D. That the author made so many friends on the Internet.

25. When the author's friends knew her travel plan,they felt .

   A. envious   B. worried

   C. curious   D. excited

26. When the author is travelling,her mother phones her to .

   A. offer her advice on training children

   B. help her get in touch with friends

   C. persuade her to stop travelling

   D. make sure she isn’ t mad 

27. According to the last paragraph,the author.

   A. is planning a reunion party with her family

   B. has already made a detailed plan for a world tour

   C. is concerned that her imagination may cause problems

   D. hopes to meet other families and share their experiences

   Dino Scene investigation(调查)

   Dinosaurs became extinct around 65 million years ago,so how do we know what they looked like and how they behaved? Bring your pupils to our Dino Scene investigation at the Natural History Museum to find out!If you want more from your dinosaur experience,you can actually spend the night in the museum. You can watch a film before going to sleep under a giant dinosaur. See the website for details.

   Team-building: the mediaeval(中世纪的) way

   Bring your staff to our special Mediaeval Knight (骑士) School for a company event. Our knights will tell you about the history of Warwick Castle. Your employees will improve their business skills,such as leadership and trust,while they learn about fighting

;with swords and bows and arrows. For more ：information,get in touch with our sales team.

   Excellent technological achievements in motoring

   Porsche is a famous sports car brand. The Porsche Museum in Stuttgart,Germany has around 80 of the most famous Porsche models in the history of the company. Children can take part in the ‘Museum Rallye”which is a quiz relating to the exhibits. There is also a special children's audio guide(语音导览) ，which is available in several languages. It serves to present the excitement to children from all over the world.

   ‘Live Science’ experiences and learning labs

   The Museum of Science and Industry Chicago inspires children to achieve their full potential in the fields of science,technology,engineering and medicine. In our ‘Live Science’ experiences,you can experiment with gravity by throwing things over the :balcony!In our ‘Moving with Newton’ Learning Lab,you can learn about Newton's three laws of motion (运动) ，or take part in our ‘ColourfUl Chemistry’ Learning Lab and see what happens when you mix and heat chemicals to produce light and colours.

21. Which activity is for adults?

   A. Excellent technological achievements in motoring.

   B. ‘Live Science’ experiences and learning labs.

   C. Team-building: the mediaeval way.

   D. Dino Scene investigation.

22. Where can you spend the night?

   A. At the Porsche Museum.

   B. At the Natural History Museum.

   C. At the Mediaeval Knight School.

   D. At the Museum of Science and Industry Chicago.

23. What type of writing is this text?

   A. An announcement.

   B. An advertisement.

   C. A travel guide.

   D. A news report.

6. We waited more than half an hour for Margret,but we had to leave without her.

   A. therefore   B. fortunately

   C. afterwards   D. eventually

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