题目内容

Since around the later part of the 1950s, society started to realize that tobacco cigarettes caused health problems. As research progressed along with increasing numbers of people that developed lung cancer, emphysema, and other smoking related illnesses, cigarette smoking has become less accepted and popular. Unfortunately, the nicotine contained in cigarettes is one of the most addictive substances on the planet and makes quitting smoking one of the hardest things to do. In 2003, Chinese pharmacist, Hon Lik invented the electronic cigarette as a safer, and cleaner way to breathe in nicotine after his father, a heavy smoker, passed away from lung cancer attributed to smoking tobacco cigarettes.

Hon Lik applied for his first patent on the electronic cigarette in 2003 and afterwards introduced e-cigs to the Chinese market in the following year through his employer, Golden Dragon Holdings. Golden Dragon Holdings later changed the company’s name to “Ruyan” in order to better match the company’s name(Ruyan means “almost like smoke”)to the new product. Since the renaming, the Ruyan company has continued e-cigarette development and grown to be one of the largest global e-cig manufactures.

Dr.Sam Han, CEO of Cixi E-CIG Technology, Inc, Ltd. also has a number of e-cig related inventions, including four patents in the United States and two in China that are electronic cigarette and e-liquid technology related. Similar to Hon Lik’s father. Dr. Han was a heavy smoker for more than 40 years before beginning to work on electronic cigarette technologies in order to help himself and others make the shift to vapor smoking. Dr.Han continues to market and conduct R&D in e-cig related techonologies to this date.

After the successful deployment of Ruyan and Cixi E-CIG electronic cigarettes in China and Asia, the products started to be sold in significant quantities on the Internet.

1.How many years is it since the electronic cigarette was first invented according to the passage?

A. About 5 years. B. About 11 years.

C. About15 years. D.About 20 years.

2.What’s the direct reason why Hon Lik invented the electronic cigarette according to the passage ?

A. Tobacco cigarettes caused health problems.

B. Tobacco cigarettes were too expensive for customers to buy.

C. Quitting smoking became one of the hardest things to do.

D. His father died from lung cancer due to smoking tobacco cigarettes.

3.Since when have Chinese smokers have been able to buy Hon Lik’s electronic cigarettes according to the passage?

A.2000. B.2003. C.2004. D.2005.

4.What’s the correct order of the following events according to the passage?

① Hon Lik applied for his first patent on the electronic cigarette.

② Hon Lik’s father died from lung cancer because of smoking tobacco cigarettes.

③ Hon Lik’s electronic cigarettes were introduced to the Chinese market.

④ The name of the company Golden Dragon Holdings was changed to “Ruyan”.

A. ①③②④ B.①④②③

C.②④①③ D.②①③④

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Over the years, many cities and states have tried to put a tax(税) on sugary drinks. Last week, Berkeley, California succeeded. The city in northern California will charge a penny-per-ounce tax on most sugary drinks. The tax is expected to raise more than $1 million every year to fight against obesity(肥胖).

Makers of sugary drinks are against the tax. They say picking out one product will not solve the obesity problem in America. They also argue that a tax is an attack on personal freedom. “Families should be able to make the choice for their kids without the government stepping in,” said Chris Gindlesperger, a spokesperson for the American Beverage Association(美国饮料协会).

Gindlesperger says that the fight against obesity is more successful when the government partners with industry. He shows how the beverage industry worked with President Bill Clinton’s administration is the 1990s. They introduced water, milk, and fruit juice into a large number of schools, which took the place of sugary drinks. More recently, the beverage industry listened to First Lady Michelle Obama’s suggestion that labels(标签)on sugary drinks be clearer. Containers of up to 20 ounces will show the total calories on the front.

Some people say a tax is a surefire way to help reduce obesity in the U.S. “There is clear evidence that taxes result in less consumption(消费) of sugary drinks,” says Dr. Rachel Johnson, a spokesperson for the American Heart Association. She points to Mexico as an example. The country put up a tax on sugary drinks in January, and sales have already dropped by 10%. What’s more, sales of healthier drinks have increased. Bottled water sales are up by 13%. Milk sales are up by 7%.

Another purpose of the tax is to raise money to fight childhood obesity. Money will be used to build playgrounds, create educational materials, and increase the sales of the healthier foods. “We’ve already helped reduce obesity to some degree,” says Dr. Johnson. “I’m confident that we’re going to see even bigger progress soon.”

1.In the 1990s, sugary drinks in many schools _________.

A.were charged a penny-per-ounce tax

B.were not as popular as they are today

C.were replaced by water, milk, and fruit juice

D.were not more than 20 ounces per bottle

2.The underlined word “surefire” in Paragraph 4 can best be replaced by “_________”.

A.good B.stupid C.strange D.new

3.Why does Johnson talk about Mexico?

A.It is her favorite country.

B.She likes Mexican sugary drinks.

C.She tries to show a tax can help a lot.

D.It produces all kinds of sugary drinks.

4.What is the purpose of this text?

A.To ask kids to drink fewer sugary drinks.

B.To show how to fight childhood obesity.

C.To talk about different taxes in Berkeley.

D.To discuss if sugary drinks should be taxed.

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1.If you are a housewife, you may choose .

A. B10132 B. B10062

C. B10134 D.B10133

2.Both Bradford’s Crossword Solver’s Dictionary and Computing for Seniors .

A. have the same discount

B. have similar pages

C. are in paperback

D. are the latest edition

3.Which of the following can be a guide for travelers?

A. Crossword Solver’s Dictionary

B. Computing for Seniors

C. Philip’s Complete Road Atlas

D. Mary Berry Cooks

4.The text is probably taken from .

A. A travel guide B. A textbook

C.A book review D. An advertisement

Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient practice which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past, the human race managed to live with it. Modern cleverness has changed this. Either man will end the existence of war, or war will end the existence of man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons (核武器) that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeeded in ending the existence of nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in ending war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look up on international problems in a new way not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in killing people, but by settling in accordance with(与、、、一致) agreed rules of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted.

There are those who say that the acceptance of this or that ideology (意识形态) would prevent war. I believe this to be a big mistake. All ideologies are based upon dogmatic statements (强词夺理) ,which are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally false. Their supporters believe in them so deeply that they are willing to go to war in support of them.

The movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a common place that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in which they are coming nearer to is a better one than it was some years ago. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations(谈判) should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the important struggle nowadays is not between different countries but between man and the atom bomb(原子弹).

1.This passage implies(暗示) that war is now_______.

A. worse than in the past

B. as bad as in the past

C. not as dangerous as in the past

D. as necessary as in the past

2.From Paragraph 2 we learn that the writer of the passage_______.

A. is a supporter of some modern ideologies

B. does not think that the acceptance of any ideologies could prevent war

C. believes that the acceptance of some ideologies could prevent war

D. does not doubt the truth of any ideologies

3.According to the writer,_______.

A. war is the only way to solve international arguments

B. war will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons

C. it is impossible for people to live without war

D. war must be ended if man wants to survive

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