题目内容

_____ abstract, Calileo's theory was quite difficult to understand of his time.
[     ]
A. Sounding
B. Sounded
C. To sound
D. Having been sounded
A
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Shishmaref, an Eskimo village on an island off northwestern Alaska, is falling into the ocean. Giant storm waves have so hit the place—once well buffered by sea ice—that villagers voted in 2002 to leave their ancestral home for the mainland. They are being called one of the first refugees（难民）of global warming. k+s-5#u 

“We tend to describe climate change in terms that are abstract—a one degree rise in temperature, an increase in greenhouse gases—but when waves wash away a village, that’s concrete and very emotional,” says Igor Krupnik, an expert at the National Museum of Natural History. “When they lose a piece of their land, they aren’t just losing a certain number of square miles. They are losing part of their history and their memory. They are losing childhood events and grandparents’ tales.”

Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice protected the village from powerful fall storms. But the natives say the ice doesn’t freeze as solidly or as soon as it used to and now stretches only six or seven miles, leaving the community of 600 people more exposed. Storms have swept houses into the ocean.

The villagers’ plan is to move to Tin Creek, a site on the Alaska mainland 12 miles away, and they have received $180 million from the government. Residents hope that in their new community they’ll be able to maintain their close ties, continue hunting animals, and keep fishing, much as their ancestors have done for centuries. “People are asking why the government should be spending so much money on so few people,” said a government official. “But people in Alaska are like everyone else. We want to help keep their culture alive.”

The underlined word “buffered” probably means “______”. k+s-5#u 

       A．protected  B．destroyed  C．prevented  D．damaged

From the passage what do we know about the sea ice around the village in the past?

       A．It was very thin and easily broken.

       B．It was very thick and smooth.

       C．It frozen more solidly and sooner.

       D．It frozen more slowly and solidly.

According to the passage, _____ caused the village to be in danger of disappearing.

       A．water pollution        B．global warming             

       C．air pollution            D．human’s actions

What’s the villagers’ main purpose to rebuild the community?

       A．To live more happily       B．To earn money

       C．To avoid being washed away   D．To keep their culture alive

D

    Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.

    Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知) of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.

    Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.

    To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.

    “We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.

According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______.

    A. the visitors to his office         B. the psychology lessons he has

    C. his physical feeling of coldness   D. the things he has bought online

The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______.

    A. adults should develop social skills     B. babies need warm physical contact

    C. caregivers should be healthy adults    D. monkeys have social relationships

In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to ______.

    A. evaluate someone’s personality        B. write down their hypotheses

C. fill out a personal information form

   D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively

We can infer from the passage that ______.

    A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

    B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

    C. physical temperature affects how we see others

    D. capable persons are often cold to others

What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships.

 B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation.

    C. Developing Better Drinking Habits.

    D. Physical Sensations and Emotions.

D
Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.
Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知) of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.
Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.
To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.
“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.
【小题1】According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______.

A．the visitors to his officeB．the psychology lessons he has
C．his physical feeling of coldness D．the things he has bought online
【小题2】The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______.
A．adults should develop social skillsB．babies need warm physical contact
C．caregivers should be healthy adultsD．monkeys have social relationships
【小题3】In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to ______.
A．evaluate someone’s personalityB．write down their hypotheses
C．fill out a personal information form
D．hold coffee and cold drink alternatively
【小题4】We can infer from the passage that ______.
A．abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences
B．feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide
C．physical temperature affects how we see others
D．capable persons are often cold to others
【小题5】What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Drinking for Better Social Relationships.
B．Experiments of Personality Evaluation.
C．Developing Better Drinking Habits.
D．Physical Sensations and Emotions.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。

注意：如果选E 请涂 AB ; 选 F请涂 AC; 选G请涂AD .

When people get a bad toothache, they often have to eat soft, easily chewed food.  ___1.__ That’s the conclusion of a zoologist at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago and a dentist who works on carnivores (食肉动物).

___2.__ Every once in a while, however, a lion will go on a human-eating diet.  The most famous such tragedy happened in 1898, when two lions killed and ate 135 railway workers in Kenya. 

Examining the preserved skulls of the two big lions, zoologist Bruce Patterson and dentist Ellis Neiburger found that both animals had been suffering from several dental and jaw problems. ___3.___ Canines are pointed teeth that hunting animals use for gripping and piercing prey . 

The two lions might have been so badly disabled that they couldn’t bite down forcefully, say the researchers. Consequently, the lions might have abandoned their normal, more difficult prey and turned to humans.  Patterson said “____4._____ We’re very slow, we don’t hear very well, and we don’t see very well in the darkness.”

______5.____ It was inspired partly by the work of Jim Corbett, a tiger hunter in India in the 1930s.  Corbett was regularly called in to hunt tigers that had been dining on Indian villagers. Time after time, Patterson discovered that the killer tigers were suffering from some ill-healthy conditions.

 

注意：如果选E 请涂 AB ; 选 F请涂 AC; 选G请涂AD .

A. Humans are easy preys.

B. Lions don’t normally prey on people.

C. When lions get a bad toothache, they eat people

D. One lion had three missing teeth and a loose, unsteady lower canine that was probably useless.

E. The research calls their idea the Infirmity Theory.

F. He had absolutely no experience taking medicine.

G. Talking about it in the abstract isn’t enough.

 

 Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.
Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知) of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.
Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.
To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.
“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.

  1. 1.

    According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______.

    1. A.
      the visitors to his office
    2. B.
      the psychology lessons he has
    3. C.
      his physical feeling of coldness
    4. D.
      the things he has bought online
  2. 2.

    The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______.

    1. A.
      adults should develop social skills
    2. B.
      babies need warm physical contact
    3. C.
      caregivers should be healthy adults
    4. D.
      monkeys have social relationships
  3. 3.

    In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to ______.

    1. A.
      evaluate someone’s personality
    2. B.
      write down their hypotheses
    3. C.
      fill out a personal information form
    4. D.
      hold coffee and cold drink alternatively
  4. 4.

    We can infer from the passage that ______.

    1. A.
      abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences
    2. B.
      feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide
    3. C.
      physical temperature affects how we see others
    4. D.
      capable persons are often cold to others
  5. 5.

    What would be the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Drinking for Better Social Relationships.
    2. B.
      Experiments of Personality Evaluation.
    3. C.
      Developing Better Drinking Habits.
    4. D.
      Physical Sensations and Emotions.

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