题目内容

Living things need air and sunlight _______ water.


  1. A.
    except
  2. B.
    but
  3. C.
    not only
  4. D.
    as well as
D
解析：
空气、阳光和水是生命主要要素，缺一不可。
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第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。

For more than twenty years scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the‘‘sixth sense"of direction．By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one，they are now getting closer to one answer．

One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass(指南针)．

Our earth itself is a big magnet(磁体)．So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines

itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south．When people discovered that idea about athousand years ago and invented the compass，it allowed sailors to navigate (航海)on oceanvoyages, even under

cloudy skies.

 Actuallly the idea of the living compass came just from observing animals in nature．

 Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes．Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night．Experiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patterns．But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies．How can they do that?

A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its way home is the homing pigeon．Not all pigeons can find their way home．Those that can are very good at it，and they have been widely studied．

One interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds’ heads to block their

magnetic sense—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner．On sunny days, that did not fool the pigeons．Evidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are going．But on cloudy days，the pigeons with magnets could not find their way．It was as if the magnets had blocked their magnetic sense．

Similar experiments with the same kind of results were done with honeybees．These insects also seem to have a special sense ot direction．

In spite of the experiments，the idea of an animal compass seemed pretty extraordinary．How

would an animal get the magnetic stuff for a compass.

An answer came from an unexpected source．A scientist was studying bacteria that live in the

mud of ponds and marshes．He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in

one direction—north．

Further study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of dense particles inside，which

proved magnetic．The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the

earth’s magnet．

The big news was that a living thing，even a simple bacterium，can make magnetite．That led

to a search to see whether animals might have it.. By using a special instrument called magnetometer，scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds，and even in fish．In each

animal，except for the bee．the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain．

Thus．the idea of a built—in animal compass began to seem reasonable．

The Magnetic Sense — The Living Compass

Passage outline

Supporting details

The existence of the earth magnet and the invention of the navigating compass

◇Our earth is a big magnet and a little freely (71)   ▲ 

  magnetic needle lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south.

◇(72)   ▲   on the idea above, the navigating compass was invented.

The possibility of birds’ built-in compasses

◇ One piece of evidence is the (73)   ▲    of many birds between their summer homes and winter homes.

◇ Birds can recognize star patterns on clear nights and keep on course (74)   ▲     under cloudy skies 

The  (75)   ▲     on pigeons’ and bees’ built-in compasses

◇Little magnets were tied to the pigeons’ heads to (76)   ▲     their magnetic sense.

◇The pigeons’ magnetic sense seemed to be affected on (77)   ▲    days.

◇Similar things with the same results were done with bees.

The  (78)   ▲     of the magnetic stuff for the animal compass

◇Little rod-like bacteria were found by chance to swim together in the direction of (79)   ▲    .

◇Some animals had a chain of dense magnetic particles in or close to the (80)   ▲     inside their bodies.

It is only during the last few years that man has generally realized that in the world of nature a balance exists between all forms of life. No living thing can exist by itself: it is a part of a system (体系) in which all forms of life are joined together. If we change one part of the natural order, this will in its turn almost certainly bring about changes in some other part.

The cutting down of forests reduces the supply of oxygen. The killing of weeds and insects by chemicals leads to the wide spread poisoning of animals and birds. The throwing of waste products into the ocean harm to life in the sea, while waste gases change the chemical balance of the atmosphere.

And so we could go on, adding more examples, until in despair (绝望) we might feel like giving up the struggle to control and keep within limits these harmful human activities. Man is very clever at changing the world around him to satisfy his immediate needs, but not so clever at looking far ahead, or at thinking about what the future results of his action might be.

The first paragraph mainly tells us that __________.

A. everything in nature can’t exist without the help of human beings

B. no living thing can exist naturally

C. all living things in nature depend on each other

D. man has well known the importance of the balance for a long time

The examples given in the second paragraph are used to prove that __________.

A. it is very important to protect forests

B. there are some living things which can exist all by themselves without change

C. all forms of life belong to a system in which all the part can be changed for one another

D. we cannot change one form of life or matter without disturbing (扰乱) the balance of nature

In the second paragraph the underlined word “atmosphere” means __________.

A. the production of chemical factories                      B. the gas in the outer space

C. the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth               D. the health of the human body

The third paragraph suggests that __________.

A. man shouldn’t think only about his immediate needs without enough thought on the future results

B. man is very clever in planning his distant future 

C. man often feels that he has to give up in despair

D. man is always anxious to control and keep his actives within limits

The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp.
“So,” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name?”
“Are you sure you want to hear it ? It’s a scary story,” warned Jack.
“Of course!” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!”
“Ok, but don’t say I didn’t warn you,” said Jack, and he began this tale.
“Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different ---- it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.
“‘You are clearing too much land,’ warned one old man. ‘ The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. ’
“‘Silly fool,’ said Dennis to himself. ‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous!’”
“Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”
“What happened?” Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.
“The land hit back ---- just as the old man warned,” Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.”
“What a stupid story,” laughed Tom. “Plants can’t …” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.
【小题1】The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to ________.

A．courageB．assistanceC．instructionD．challenge
【小题2】Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?
A．To frighten them.
B．To satisfy their curiosity.
C．To warn them of the danger of the place.
D．To persuade them to camp in the swamp.
【小题3】Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?
A．The old man envied him.B．The old man was foolish
C．He was too busy to listen to others.D．He was greedy for more crops.
【小题4】Why did Tom scream and faint?
A．He saw Dennis’s shadowB．He was scared by a plant
C．His friends played a joke on him.D．The weather became extremely cold.
【小题5】What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?
A．Grasp all, lose all
B．No sweat, no sweet.
C．It is no use crying over spilt milk
D．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.

 

第一节  完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21~30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In the United States there was an unusual tale telling of the daughter of a mechanic （技工）. One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl  21   to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose. After some time the girl   22   the mother would not return to her eggs and she decided to take them home. There she carefully   23   the eggs in the heat of a lamp. Several days later the eggs broke and the baby geese came into the world.

Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother.   24  , to these young geese, the girl was their mother.

As they grew, the girl was able to   25   her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to   26  . The girl became increasingly worried about this, both when   27   and in her dreams. Later, she had an idea: She would pilot a plane to guide them in  2 8  . She asked her father for a plane and he assembled（组装）a small aircraft for her.

Caring about her safety, the father decided to pilot the plane himself. However, the birds did not   29   or follow him, and instead slept in the grass.

One day, the girl climbed into the plane, started it and soon left the   30  . Seeing their mother take to the air, the birds eagerly flapped（拍打）their wings and set out. She flew the plane freely in the sky, her young birds following.

21. A. managed           B. attempted            C. happened        D. supposed

22. A. realized            B. expected             C. imagined        D. admitted

23. A. placed             B. protected             C. treated          D. examined

24. A. But               B. Also                 C. Thus            D. Still

25. A. ask               B. lead                  C. want            D. allow

26. A. fly               B. race                  C. swim            D. sing

27. A. asleep            B. away                  C. around          D. awake

28. A. sky               B. heaven                C. flight           D. plane

29. A. respect            B. remember              C. recognize       D. receive

30. A. house             B. floor                  C. water           D. ground

 

My elder brother Steve, in the absence of my father who died when I was six, gave me important lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult.

For instance, Steve taught me to face the results of my behavior. Once when I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game, it was Steve who took the time to ask me what happened. When I explained that my baseball had soared through Mrs. Holt’s basement window, breaking the glass with a crash, Steve encouraged me to confess（承认）to her. After all, I should have been playing in the park down Fifth Street and not in the path between buildings. Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt, I offered to pay for the window from my pocket money if she would return my ball. I also learned from Steve that personal property is a sacred（神圣的） thing. After I found a shiny silver pen in my fifth-grade classroom, I wanted to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else in spite of the fact that it had little value. He reminded me of how much I’d hate to lose to someone else the small dog that my father carved from a piece of cheap wood. I returned the pen to my teacher, Mrs. Davids, and still remembered the smell of her perfume as she patted me on my shoulder.

Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind. When I was twelve, I killed an old brown sparrow in the yard with a BB gun. Excited with my accuracy, I screamed to Steve to come from the house to take a look. I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground. Then in a dead, quiet voice, he asked, “Did it hurt you first, Mark?” I didn’t know what to answer. He continued with his eyes firm, “The only time you should even think of hurting a living thing is if it hurts you first. And then you think a long, long time.” I really felt terrible then, but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me.

1. What is the main subject of the passage?

A. The relationship between Mark and Steve.

B. The important lesson Mark learned in school

C. Steve’s important role in mark’s growing process.

D. Mark and Steve’s respect for living things.

2.It can be inferred from the passage that when Mark confessed to Mrs. Holt, __________.

A. he felt surprised           B. he was light-hearted

C. he felt frightened          D. he knelt before her

3.In the story about the pen, which of the following lessons did Steve teach his brother?

A. Respect for personal property.          B. Respect for life.

C. Sympathy for people with problems.     D. The value of honesty.

4.According to the writer, which was the most important lesson Steve taught his young brother?

A. Respect for living things.         B. Responsibility for one’s actions.

C. The value of the honesty.         D. Care for the property of others.

5.Which of the follow is true according to the passage?

A. Mark was still a boy when he wrote this passage.

B. Mark lost the small dog his father carved somewhere.

C. When a living thing hurts you, you should kill it.

D. Even if a living thing hurts you, you should not kill it without hesitation.

 

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