题目内容

【题目】 —Has every student passed the final exam?

—No. Unfortunately, _______ three from each class have failed.

A. no more than B. at least

C. not in the least D. at most

【答案】B

【解析】A. no more than只是； B. at least至少C. not in the least绝不，一点也不； D. at most至多。根据句意每班至少三个人不及格。—学生都通过考试了吗？—不，每个班至少三个不及格。选B。

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【题目】阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1～10的位置上。

The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival _____【1】_____ (mark) by eating zong zi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan, who is said to have committed suicide(自杀) by drowning himself.

Qu was a minister of the State of Chu ___【2】___ (situate) in present-day Hunan and Hubei provinces, during the Warring States Period（战国时期）. He was upright, loyal and highly respected. ____【3】____, he was dismissed from office. ____【4】____ (realize) that the country was in the hands of evil officials, Qu leapt into River Miluo on the fifth day of the fifth month. Nearby fishermen rushed over to save him but were __【5】____ (able) to recover his body.

The people of Chu ____【6】___ mourned Qu’s death threw rice into the river to feed his ghost ___【7】____ year on the day of his death. But one year, the spirit of Qu appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile（爬行动物）in the river had stolen the rice. The spirit then advised __【8】___ to wrap the rice and bind it _【9】______ throwing it into the river.

During the Duanwu Festival, zong zi is eaten to symbolize（象征，表示） the rice offerings to Qu. And the dragon-boat races symbolize __【10】_____ many attempts to rescue and recover Qu's body.

【题目】But what is teacher quality? How can one measure it reliably?

An analysis is issued on a sample of data from a Texas school district. Experts argue convincingly that teacher effectiveness should be measured by students’ gains on standardized tests: Mr. Smith is probably a better teacher than Ms. Brown if his students consistently improve their test scores more than hers do.

Though this approach is appealing, there are tricky issues. For example, what if Ms. Brown teaches in a school where students score so high there is little room for improvement?

The authors try to correct for this problem, as well as other sorts of measurement issues, to generate a measurement of teacher effectiveness. The paper is primarily concerned with how this measure is related to other observable characteristics.

The first finding is that there is a large variation in teacher effectiveness: some teachers consistently have a larger impact on their students’ achievement than others.

Second, easily observable characteristics like having a master’s degree or a passing score on the teacher certification exam are not correlated关联 with teacher effectiveness.

Then what does matter? The most important single influence is experience: first-year teachers are much less effective than others. The second year is significantly better, and by the fourth year, most teachers hit their stride.

It is not entirely clear whether this experience effect is learning by doing (the more you teach, the more effective you become) or survival of the fittest (those who are not good at teaching tend to drop out early.)

From my reading of the paper, both effects appear important and there is no simple answer. The data do suggest, however, that teacher effectiveness is pretty clear by the end of the second year, so the information to make an informed decision is available at that time.

The authors also investigate the contentious 有争议的issue of racial matching of students and teachers. Here they find strong evidence that minority teachers tend to be more effective with minority students. Again, it is unclear whether this is because of a role model effect (students respond better to a teacher of their own race) or an empathy effect 移情效应(teachers empathize better with students of their own race) or something else entirely.

The authors also look at teacher mobility. There is some evidence that teachers who quit teaching or switch schools tend to be below average in effectiveness. This is consistent with the survival-of-the-fittest model.

【1】The schoolmaster could decide wisely whether to further employ the teacher by the end of the ______.

A. the first year B. the second year

C. the third year D. the fourth year

【2】The phrase “hit their stride” most probably means “______”.

A. reach their normal level B. become confident

C. walk with long steps D. get bored

【3】The author of this passage holds the view that ______.

A. teachers will perform better with time passing

B. ineffective teachers should leave earlier rather than later

C. teacher’s effectiveness is apparent after a couple of years

D. a master’s degree will improve teacher’s effectiveness

【4】Why do black teachers tend to be more effective with black students?

A. Students fell secure, so they respond better.

B. Teachers sympathize with students of their own race.

C. There are entirely some other identified reasons.

D. The reasons are far from clear and definite.

【5】Which of the following may serve as the best title?

A. The Quality of Teaching

B. Impact of Teacher Quality on Student Learning

C. Different Sorts of Measurement Issues

D. Survival-of-the-fittest Model vs. Learning-by-doing Model

【题目】“Neal, listen,” she said, looking straight at him, “I ask you not to get _____ in this kind of matter. It’s none of your business.”

A. caught B. connected

C. attached D. involved

【题目】【原创】The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. Those findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.

There are ways to solve this diet-health-environment problem. But they will require a change in eating habits. And what we eat can be a product of culture, personal taste, price and ease.

David Tilman , a professor of ecology, examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how diet affected health and found as nations industrialized, population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.

The Western diet is high in refined or processed sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter -- and sicker.

David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for non-infectious diseases like diabetes, heart disease and some cancers.

Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these same health impacts, and in some cases if you are Asian, you have them more seriously than what happens in the West."

China, he says, is an example where the number of diabetes cases has jumped. And that’s happening all across the world, in Mexico, Nigeria and so on.

A diet bad for human beings is also bad for the environment. As the world's population grows, experts say more forests will become farmland for crops or grasslands for grazing cattle.

"We are likely to have more greenhouse gas released in the future from agriculture because of this dietary shift than all the greenhouse gas that comes out of cars, airplanes, boats and ships. So our change in diet is likely to be worse for the world for climate warming than all the transportation sources we use right now."

He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.

【1】 What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The advantage of the Western diet

B. The disadvantage of the Western diet.

C. The diseases caused by the Western diet.

D. The popularity of the Western diet.

【2】Why do more and more people eat Western diet?

A. Because Western diet is good for health.

B. Because people have more money.

C. Because Western diet is cheaper.

D. Because Western diet can make people thin.

【3】According to the passage, what is good for our environment?

A. Giving up the Western diet.

B. Returning to Chinese diet.

C. Growing more crops

D. Raising more cattle.

【4】In which section of a newspaper can you find this passage?

A. Science and Technology. B. Education and Culture.

C. Environment and Health. D. Agriculture and Climate.

【5】Which statement is true?

A. The Western diet has little effect on Asians .

B. The China diet is rich in fat and oil.

C. Leaving the Western diet behind is easy for people.

D. More forests will become farmland as the world's population grows .

【题目】The first place to visit for foreign friends is the Great Wall, which is the __________ of China and one of the seven wonders in the world.

A. symbol B. sign

C. signal D. mark

【题目】【改编】Feeling blue about the world? “Cheer up,” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”

Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he’s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he’s set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist . He views mankind as grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.

Here’s how he explains his views.

1）Shopping fuels invention

It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.

2) Brilliant advances

One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.

3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change

Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well- meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.

【1】What does “blue” mean in the first paragraph?

A. Anxious. B. Depressed.

C. Curious. D. Positive.

【2】What is Ridley’s recent book about?

A. Facts about human progress.

B. Opinions about climate change.

C. Importance of reducing pollution.

D. Protection of environment.

【3】Which is the writer’s opinion?

A. The earth will no long fit to live on if we don’t take action to protect the earth.

B. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.

C. The price of everything is growing higher and higher.

D. People mustn’t use fossil-fuel for environmental protection.

【4】According to the writer , One reason why humans live longer is that_____.

A. people can be treated immediately

B. people pay more attention to health

C. people can eat better food without spending much money

D. climate becomes much warmer

【5】The author develops the passage mainly by_____.

A. Topic- Explanation

B. Explanation ---Conclusion

C. Argument --- Topic ---Conclusion

D. Conclusion - Topic

【题目】They have read the paper many times, but it doesn't make any __________.

A. sense B. value

C. mark D. symbol

【题目】History is the best teacher．It _________ records the development of every period, whether it is good or not．

A．faithfully B．typically

C．consequently D．superbly

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