题目内容

Individuality is the particular character, or aggregate (total) of qualities that distinguishes one person or thing from others. Many artists late in the last century were in search of a means to express their individuality. Modern dance was one of the ways some of these people sought to free their creative spirit. At the beginning there was no exacting technique, no foundation from which to build. In later years, trial, error and genius founded the techniques and the principles of the movement. Eventually, innovators (改革者) even drew from what they considered the dread ballet, but first they had to get rid of all that was academic so that the new could be discovered. The beginnings of modern dance were happening before Isadora Duncan, but she was the first person to bring the new dance to general audiences and see it accepted and acclaimed (称赞).

Her search for a natural movement form sent her to nature. She believed movement should be as natural as the swaying of the trees and the rolling waves of the sea, and should be in harmony with the movements of the Earth. Her great contributions are in three areas.

First, she began the expansion of the kinds of movement that could be used in dance. Before Duncan danced, ballet was the only type of dance performed in concert. In the ballet the feet and legs were emphasized, with virtuosity (高超技巧) shown by complex, codified positions and movements. Duncan performed dance by using her body in the freest possible way. Her dance stemmed from her soul and spirit. She was one of the pioneers who broke tradition so others might be able to develop the art.

Her second contribution lies in dance costume. She rejected ballet shoes and stiff costumes. These were replaced with flowing Grecian (希腊式的) tunes, bare feet, and unbound hair. She believed in the natural body being allowed to move freely, and her dress displayed this ideal.

Her third contribution was in the use of music. In her performances she used the symphonies of great masters including Beethoven and Wagner, which was not the usual custom.

She was as exciting and eccentric (怪异) in her personal life as in her dance.

According to the passage, what did nature represent to Isadora Duncan?

       A.Something to conquer.    B.A model for movement.

       C.A place to find peace.      D.A symbol of disorder.

Compared to those of the ballet, Isadora Duncan’s costumes were less _________.

       A.costly       B.colorful    C.graceful    D.restrictive

Which of the following is not mentioned as an area of dance that Duncan worked to change?

    A. The stage set.      B. The music. C. Costumes.          D. Movements.

We can infer from the passage that the author _________.

    A. appreciates modern dance very much      B. dislikes Isadora Duncan’s dance

    C. thinks highly of individuality   D. knows a lot about modern arts

Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

       A.Artists of the Last Century     B.Evolution of Dance in the 20th Century

       C.Natural Movement in Dance   D.A Pioneer in Modern Dance

【小题1】B

【小题2】D

【小题3】A

【小题4】C

【小题5】D


解析:

【小题1】考查细节。第2段提到:Her search for a natural movement form sent her to nature. She

believed movement should be as natural as the swaying of the trees and the rolling waves of the

sea, and should be in harmony with the movements of the Earth. 故选B。

【小题2】考查细节。第4段提到:She rejected ballet shoes and stiff costumes. These were replaced with flowing Grecian tunes, bare feet, and unbound hair. She believed in the natural body being allowed to move freely, and her dress displayed this idea. 故选D。

【小题3】细节推理题。考查学生对文章寓意的挖掘能力。全文提到了邓肯对舞蹈的三大贡献,但没有提到A项内容。

【小题4】考查推理能力。文章第1段的“主题句”及紧接着的一句话无不流露出作者对“individuality”的溢美之情,故选C。

【小题5】主旨大意题。全文讲述了邓肯对当代舞蹈艺术的贡献。B项干扰性强,但文中并未涉及上世纪的其他舞蹈家,因此不存在舞蹈之进化问题,A、C项或太太宽泛,或太具体(比如艺术还包括音乐、绘画等),不宜作为此篇文章的标题。

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第II卷 非选择题  (共35分)

第四部分·写作(共两节,满分35分)

第一节 任务型读写(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)

阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入最恰当的单词。

注意:表格中的每个空格只填1个单词。

In a research, it was found that only four out of every five employees were happy at work. Surprisingly, it wasn’t the salary or the love for the work that made people happy. In stead friendly, supportive colleagues and a good manager have been found to be the primary causes of happiness at work. So how do you keep your spirits up and develop a sense of joy on the job? Here is some advice.

Happiness is a state of mind, and though not many people realize it, staying happy at work is totally based on a positive attitude towards your job. Concentrating(集中注意力) on the bright side of the work rather than keeping talking about what makes you unhappy is the basic key to happiness.

Challenge yourself and take charge of your own growth professionally. Boredom is one of the primary reasons that cause people to change jobs. To avoid feeling bored, you can find new challenges and it’s a great feeling to take control over what you do and see a task through.

Complete our tasks, however disagreeable or tough they might be. This gives you an individual(单个的,特别的) sense of achievement and encourages you to work towards your goals in future. Also keep learning and gaining new insights while at work.

Sitting and staring at your screen all day long isn’t going to help you. Instead take breaks and go outside for some time. They don’t necessarily have to be long breaks but staying out for a few minutes to feel the gentle wind can keep you happy. Eat your lunch out side or walk for a few minutes during that hour, which helps you stay happy at work.

Title

How to be Happy at Work

Factors that make people happy at work

·Friendship and (76)       from colleagues.

·A good manager.

Some (77)   

Have  a

(78)    

attitude

·Concentrate on the bright side of the work.

·Avoid talking about what brings you (79)    .

Challenge yourself

·Find new challenges to avoid feeling(80)    .

·(81)    what you do and complete it.

(82)    your tasks

·Do your best to finish your tasks.

·Keep learning and gaining new(83) _____ at work.

Have  a

(84)   and go

outside

·Stay out for a few minutes to feel the gentle wind.

·Eat outside or walk for a few minutes at your(85)___ time.

 

 

Cultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for relatives and friends. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.

In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.

Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lese on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.

Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a family group, arc not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be children of that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.

There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste (social class) system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva(唾液),of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, not eat from the same plate as, not even accept food from an individual or from a low-ranking class.

1.According to the passage, who will NOT eat together?

A.The English during regular meals.

B.Americans on their first date.

C.Men and women in Near Eastern societies.

D.Newly-married people on the island of New Ireland.

2.In Paragraph 4, the underlined word "taboos" means _____________.

A.favors

B.prohibitions

C.hatred

D.gossips

3. According to the passage, eating together indicates all the following EXCEPT         .

A.the type of food

B.social relations.

C.marital status

D.family ties.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Different kinds of food in western countries.

B. Relations between food and social units.

C. Symbolic meanings of different kinds of food.

D.Food consumption in different cultures.

 

“Few things help an individual more than to place responsibility upon him,and let him know that you trust him.” These words are from the black American educator,Booker Washington. He was saying that,“If you want people to grow up,you have to stop treating them like children.”

In America,families are close but children are encouraged to be independent,to make their own decisions,even at a very early age. It’s not unusual for a child of seven to be given an allowance(津贴)every week. The child is encouraged to save some of the money but he or she can spend it on whatever they choose,for example,buying clothes,school supplies or CDs. Some teenagers even have their own credit cards! That’s a big responsibility since even adults are tempted to overspend when they have credit cards.

From an early age,American children are asked for their opinions and they are included in family decision making. At the dinner table,teenagers will be listened to on any topic,from politics to buying a new family car or where the family will go on vacation. In this way, teenagers are getting practice in becoming individuals:they are learning how to stand on their own two feet.

Many Chinese young people are becoming almost as interested as American teens in searching for independence. They want to express those qualities that make them unique human beings. You can see this in the way they dress, the music they listen to and the friends they choose. “Super Girl” Li Yuchun caught the imagination of Chinese teenagers on the “Super Girl” television contest. She was not the traditional “nice,young Chinese girl”. With her short,spiky hair and boy-like clothes, she was telling everyone that she was different. She had the courage to be her own person and to stand on her own two feet...and she won!

There is an old saying,“Everyone should carefully observe which way his heart draws him and then choose that way with all his strength.” If you do this, step by step, over a period of time, you may find that you have become the person you always wanted to be.

1.The passage is intended to encourage the youth to________.

A.save money for useful things

B.become independent

C.express their great ambitions

D.make important decisions

2.A child of seven is given an allowance so that he can______.

A.be accepted as a popular guy

B.learn to decide how to use money

C.overspend money without care

D.have school supplies of his own

3. The author implies that many Chinese children________.

A.are more independent than Americans

B.should become interested in America

C.are happy with their present situation

D.are not satisfied to be nice, quiet ones

4.The main idea of the last paragraph is________.

A.that we should do things step by step

B.why we should understand our desires

C.what we should plan for our own life

D.how we can manage to realize our dreams

 

One Day Tour: Great Wall & Summer Palace

Overview:  You will visit the famous Badaling Great Wall and Summer Palace in one day.

Tour Description and Itinerary (行程)

One day Private Tour or Coach Tour: Depart everyday

Start from 8:30 am to around 6:00 pm, flexible schedule for private tour.

Itinerary:

Pick you up from hotel on departure time, then drive to the famous Badaling Great Wall, which is 60 miles away from downtown about one and a half hour driving. Sightseeing on Great Wall Badaling section for about 3 hours.

Visit scenic spots: Badaling Geat Wall, Badaling Fortress, Beacon-towers, "Looking-toward-Beijing Stone", etc. (Cable car is available for you to get to the highest point to have a bird view)

Drive to restaurant for lunch. After lunch, visit the largest and most beautiful Chinese imperial garden- Summer Palace.

Visit scenic spots: 1. East palace gate, 2. the hall of benevolence and longevity, 3. hall of jade billows, 4. the hall of joyful longevity, 5. the covered walkway, 6. the marble boat, etc.

Transfer you back to your hotel after the whole day tour.

For the coach tour (small group in each bus, 6-10 persons per group):

★Suitable for economic or single travelers, make friends on the same bus, only English-speaking travelers on our bus.

★Travellers will be arranged in a small group, Keep group size less than ten in each air-conditioned bus;

★Vehicle mode: Coaster-New air-conditioned tour coach (click for picture)- 26 seats, only 6-10 persons per bus.

For Private Tour:

★Private tour is suitable for those individual or family travelers who is not willing to join the tour group, it may not feel very free when following the group. A designated car and private guide will follow you to go to the place you like, this package cost higher than coach tour.

★Vehicle mode: private luxury car or MPV van (click for picture)

For the private tour, you also need to go to one or two shopping stops every day.

Tour Price includes

1. Pick-up and drop-off from your hotel.

2. Air-conditioned car, van or minibus for your private group.

3. Entrance tickets of the sightseeings.

4. English-speaking tour guide explain the sightseeings along the tour.

5. Typical Chinese lunch.

6. Chinese Jade shop visit.

Tour Package excludes:

Fee of cable car - cable car to the highest point of Great Wall, 60 RMB ($7.4)

Note: Children taller than 1.1 meter should be charged as full price, children shorter than 1.1 meter should be charged only half of the price.

How to Book?

1. You can book online or by email, tell us which hotel to pick you up, then receive our confirmation email.

2. When you arrive in Beijing, our tour guide will call you the night before the tour, if you are not in hotel room, we will leave a message in your room, to inform the time to pick you up in the next morning.

Payment Methods: 1.Cash to tour guide 2.Credit card 3.PayPal 4.Bank remit (wire transfer)

1. If a group of 26 Americans want to have a one-day tour in Beijing, they can            .

A. share the same bus                   B. take 6 coaches at most

C. take 3 coaches at least              D. not speak English

2.For private tour,                                         .

A. travellers can ask the tour guide to change the travel schedule

B. travellers should pay the same amount of money as the coach tour

C. travellers must pay additional money for the entrance tickets

D. travellers needn’t pay additional money for the cable car

3. This passage is most probably taken from                     .

A. a travel guide   B. a newspaper     C. a magazine     D. the Internet

 

 

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