题目内容
19."Indeed,"George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785,"some kind of fly,or bug,had begun to eat the leaves before I left home."But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that,Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century,and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫).But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language,leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.The American bug could also be a person,referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term,sports fans used to be called racing bugs,baseball bugs,and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object,for example,a bug-shaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm,from which comes the expression to bug,that is,"to install (安装) an alarm".Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others'conversation.Since the 1840s,to bug has long meant"to cheat",and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878he explained bugs as"little problems and difficulties"that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 1889it was recorded that Edison"had been up the two previous nights discovering‘a bug'in his invented record player."
33.We learn from Paragraph 1thatD.
A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug
B.George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
C.the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century
D.both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
34.What does the word"flaw"in the last paragraph probably mean?D
A.Explanation.
B.Finding.
C.Origin.
D.Fault.
35.The passage is mainly concerned withB.
A.the misunderstanding of the word bug
B.the development of the word bug
C.the public views of the word bug
D.the special characteristics of the word bug.
分析 本文是一篇说明文.主要介绍了bug一词的不同含义及发展过程.
解答 33.D 细节理解题.根据第一段的George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785,"somekind of fly,or bug…When Washington wrote that,Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs formore than a century可知,华盛顿在1785年用到这个词汇,华盛顿在18世纪用到这个词的时候,英国人已经使用该词一个多世纪了,由此可知,18世纪时,两个国家都在使用这个词,故D项正确.文章并未提到美国人在学习使用bug方面存在困难,排除A项;英国人在华盛顿使用该词之前已经用过这个词了,根据第一段中的"But the father of America was not the father ofbug."排除B项;根据第一段最后一句可排除C项.故选D.
34.D 词义猜测题.根据最后一段中的That meaning dates back to the time of ThomasEdison.In 1878 he explained bugs as"little problems and difficulties可知,这个单词用来说明电脑出现故障.A项意为"解释";B项意为"发现";C项意为"来源";D项意为"故障;缺陷".故选D.
35.B主旨大意题.根据全文内容可知,文章主要向我们介绍了bug一词的发展过程以及不同含义,故B项符合文章主旨.A项意为"对bug一词的误解";C项意为"大众对bug一词的看法";D项意为"bug一词的特殊之处",均不能概括出全文内容.故选B.
点评 本文主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题.在做细节理解题时,首先根据题目要求迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语.认真比较选项和文中细节的区别,在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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